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. 2022 Dec 8;14(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122751

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Bubble plots of classification of significantly altered lipid molecules in the DR vs. control groups (A), and PDR vs. NPDR subgroups (B). The bubble size indicates the significance of the differences (small size: 0.01 < p < 0.05; large size: p < 0.01). WE, wax exters; TG, triglyceride; SPH, sphingosine; SM, sphingomyelin; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PC, phosphatidylcholine; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; Hex2Cer, hexosyl ceramide; DG, diglyceride; ChE, cholesterol ester; Cer, ceramides; OAHFA, (O-acyl)-1-hydroxy fatty acid; CerP, ceramides phosphate.