Table 5.
Mineral composition (macrominerals and trace elements expressed as mg/100 mL) of cow’s milk and some (oat, almond, soya, rice, and coconut) plant−based milk alternatives (PBMA). The data are presented as the range and the average in parentheses.
| Cow’s Milk | Oat PBMA | Almond PBMA | Soya PBMA | Rice PBMA | Coconut PBMA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macrominerals | Calcium | 113–134 (121.2) |
17.4–146 (114.1) |
20.20–188.0 (156.4) |
8.00–187.5 (74.65) |
3.90–146.0 (90.79) |
0–187.5 (65.52) |
| Magnesium | 10.0–13.3 (11.1) |
6.0 (−) |
6.67–9.50 (7.78) |
14.2–20.4 (16.8) |
2.10–14.6 (8.34) |
6.67–17.1 (15.1) |
|
| Sodium | 34.6–50.4 (44.1) |
36.4–65.0 (46.9) |
38.3–75.0 (64.2) |
4.00–100.0 (46.04) |
25.0–75.0 (38.8) |
0.62–62.0 (23.9) |
|
| Potassium | 132–156 (144.2) |
17.0–50.0 (37.1) |
23.0–79.0 (62.4) |
100.0–286.0 (157.4) |
15.4–83.0 (37.1) |
14.58–204.58 (60.2) |
|
| Phosphorus | 48.1–101.0 (84.4) |
14.7–42.0 (24.6) |
8.00–21.4 (14.95) |
31.1–45.0 (38.1) |
7.60–62.0 (39.46) |
8.33–41.0 (24.67) |
|
| Trace elements | Iron | 0.02–0.05 (0.03) |
0.03–0.75 (0.39) |
0.08–0.30 (0.24) |
0.30–0.46 (0.40) |
0.01–0.45 (0.16) |
0.04–2.73 (0.62) |
| Copper | 0.01–0.03 (0.01) |
0.01 (−) |
0.03 (−) |
0.11 (−) |
0.01 (−) |
0.13 (−) |
|
| Zinc | 0.37–0.48 (0.42) |
0.04 (−) |
0.09–0.63 (0.24) |
0.21–0.31 (0.26) |
0.05–0.31 (0.18) |
0.16–0.63 (0.30) |
|
| Selenium | 0.00–3.70 (2.33) |
− | − | − | − | 0.0–2.0 (1.50) |
|
| Manganese | 0.002 (−) |
0.045 (−) |
0.069 (−) |
0.144 (−) |
0.023 (−) |
0.25 (−) |
|
| References | [8,24,26,27,69] | [8,26,29,31,69] | [8,24,26,32,69] | [8,24,26,29,33,69] | [8,24,26,34,69] | [8,24,26,35,69] | |