An annotated checklist of the Pyralidae of the region of Murcia (Spain) with new records, distribution and biological data (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea, Pyralidae)

Abstract

Background

The Murcia Region (south-eastern Iberian Peninsula) has a great diversity of Lepidopteran fauna, as a zoogeographical crossroads and biodiversity hotspot with more than 850 butterflies and moth species recorded.

New information

In the present paper, based on an examination of museum specimens, published records and new samples, a comprehensive and critical species list of Pyralidae moths (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea) is synthesised. In total, three subfamilies, 67 genera and 142 species have been recorded and these are listed, along with their collection, literature references and biological data, including chorotype, voltinism and the flight period in the study area. The subfamilies are Galleriinae, Phycitinae and Pyralinae. Seventy-three species are newly recorded, sixty-two species are confirmed from literature and only seven species have not been observed for the Murcia Region.

Introduction

The Pyralidae, belonging to the superfamily Pyraloidea, are mainly nocturnal micromoths (Microlepidoptera) with an estimated 6,000 named species worldwide, of which the European fauna is represented by ca. 470 species (Leraut 2014). In the Iberian Peninsula, 262 species have been recorded (Vives-Moreno 2014). The two main evolutionary lineages within Pyraloidea, Pyralidae and Crambidae, are monophyletically distinguished by the morphology of tympanal organs (Minet 1982, Minet 1983, Slamka 2006). Pyralidae are characterised by the forewing venation with R5 stalked or fused with R3+4 and without oval sclerotisation costad on the base of vein A; presence of paired tympanal organs situated ventrally in the second abdominal segment with tympanum and conjunctivum in the same plane; tympanal chamber cephalad closed and accessory tympana absent in metathorax; lobulus and praecinctorium are absent; male genitalia with uncus arms; and segment A8 of larvae almost always with sclerotised ring around base of seta SD1 (Goater et al. 2005, Slamka 2006).

The Pyralidae of Europe have been relatively well studied, although there is a need for further investigation on habitus and distribution. The Southern European and, especially, Iberian species are poorly recorded and more precise data are necessary for the production of distribution maps. Historically, the first pyralid moth recorded and described from the Murcia Region was Hypotiamiegi (Ragonot 1895) and, later on, Hypotialeucographalis (Hampson 1900) was also described. Caradja (1910) recorded Acrobasiscentunculella (Mann), Acrobasisobliqua (Zeller), Amphithrixsublineatella (Staudinger), Epischniaillotella Zeller, Homoeosomanebulella (Denis & Schiffermüller), Homoeosomasinuella (Fabricius) and Pterothrixidiarufella (Duponchel) and Zerny (1914) described Aphomiamurciella from Sierra Espuña and recorded Alophiacombustella (Herrich-Schäffer), Asalebriaflorella (Mann), Assaraconicolella (Constant), Dioryctriasylvestrella (Ratzeburg), Ephestiawelseriella (Zeller), Euzopheralunulella (O. Costa), Psorosamediterranella Amsel, Aglossabrabanti Ragonot, Lorymaegregialis (Herrich-Schaffer) and Stemmatophoravulpecalis Ragonot. Subsequently, Caradja (1916) confirmed Aphomiamurciella Zerny and recorded Eurhodopecruentella (Duponchel), Stemmatophoragadesialis Ragonot and Synaphediffidalis (Guenée). Schmidt (1934) described Asalebriapseudoflorella from Sierra Espuña, considered as a subspecies of A.ferruginella (Zerny) at the present time.

Later, Agenjo (1948) described, also from Sierra Espuña, Epischniaperoni, currently synonymised with Epischniaasteris (Staudinger) and E.prodromella (Hübner) and E.illotella (Zeller) were recorded for the first time, while Agenjo (1952) recorded Cryptoblabesgnidiella (Millière) and Pempeliapalumbella (Denis & Schiffermüller) amongst others, although Coenochroaablutella (Zeller) and Homoeosomanimbella (Duponchel) (cited as Homoeosomasubalbatella Mann) have not been collected during the present study. Subsequently, Amsel (1955) described, also from Sierra Espuña, Archiephestiamurciella considered as a synonym with Archiephestiaadpiscinella (Chrétien) and Agenjo (1962) recorded Ancylosisuncinatella (Ragonot) and Hypotiamiegi (Ragonot).

Subsequent contributions are those of Roesler (1973), Derra and Hacker (1982), De Prins (1985), Vives-Moreno (1992), Asselbergs (1993), who recorded Merulempistaturturella (Zeller) (cited as M.numidella (Ragonot)), Slamka (2006), Knölke (2007), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008a), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008b), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008c), Slamka (2010), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2010), Palacios and Abad (2010), Palm (2012), Leraut (2014), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014), Vives-Moreno (2014), Slamka et al. (2018), Slamka (2019) and Bidzilya et al. (2020).

Recently, Pseudoinsalebriaiberica Slamka et al. 2018 and Gymnancylahillneriella Gastón and Vives 2018 have been described from Murcia and Ceutolophaisidis (Zeller) has been recorded by Girdley et al. 2018, Gymnancylahornigii (Lederer) by Girdley et al. 2019 and Psorosaferrugatella (Turati) and Epischniaampliatella (Heinemann) by Girdley et al. 2020.

The Region of Murcia has a great diversity of Lepidopteran fauna, as a zoogeographical crossroads and biodiversity hotspot, with more than 850 butterfly and moth species (Ortiz et al. 2016, unpublished data). The summary ecophysiological characterisation of the study area can be consulted in Garre et al. (2021).

Considering various bioclimatic approaches relative to temperature (thermotypes) and rainfall (ombrotypes), four different bioclimatic areas can be recognised according to Alcaraz et al. (2008): thermo-, meso-, supra- and oromediterranean (Fig. 1). Climatic and geological interactions differentiate a great variety of habitats as thermoxerophylic on the sunny slopes of the mountains and, on the other hand, as mesophylic in depressions or very dark exposures, in riparian zones amongst halophytic vegetation and on sandbanks and dunes from the inland to the coastal areas along with agricultural crops and anthropophilic areas. Altogether, they make up ten habitats and 47 special terrestrial conservation areas of community importance (Alcaraz et al. 2008).

Figure 1.

Map of the known species diversity in the bioclimatic areas in the Murcia Region. Black and blue: Oro- and Supramediteranean; orange and light brown: Cold and mild Mesomediterranean; Yelow and light green: Upper and lower Thermomediterranean.

This present checklist is intended to update the recorded species and to facilitate access to the most recent data on the Pyralidae family from the Murcia Region (south-eastern Iberian Peninsula) for taxonomists providing data about distribution, chorology, phenology and voltinism.

Materials and methods

Adult specimens were examined externally and the genitalia structures were dissected using standard procedures (Leraut 2014) with minor modifications with the use of DMHF (2,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone). Roesler (1973), Slamka (2006), Leraut (2014) and Slamka (2019) were consulted mainly for identifications. Alpha diversity Simpson (Simpson 1949) and Chao1 (Chao 1984) indices, applied to abundance data on 136 species collected, were calculated in PAST software v. 4.0.9 (Hammer et al. 2001).

The list contains all species of Pyralidae collected by the authors until the end of 2021, along with the material deposited in the private collections of J.A. de la Calle, F. Lencina, F. Albert and F. Arcas. It also includes all of those records previously referenced in the bibliography.

Black and actinic (6 and 15 W) Heath traps, 125 W Robinson traps, 125 W mercury vapour traps and 4 W LED light traps were used for nocturnal sampling. Catches taken during daytime and in the urban environment (street lighting) are also included. All these sampling points are located within the study area and, especially, in the natural protected areas like the mountainous Parks of Sierra Espuña, Sierra de la Pila, El Valle and Carrascoy etc. and the coastal Parks of Calblanque, Monte de las Cenizas and Peña del Águila, Salinas and Arenales de San Pedro del Pinatar, etc.

Notes on the checklist

The subfamilies are systematically ordered and identified, based on the most recent classification of Pyralidae by Nuss et al. (2021), Vives-Moreno (2014) and Slamka (2019) with minor modifications. The genera and species are listed under their subfamilies and are also ordered systematically, together with collection data (sampling localities, altitude, decimal coordinates, date and number of specimens). In addition, for each species, related references and biological data are provided, including general chorotypes and Iberian endemism, voltinism based on literature and the flight period in the study area or nearby areas indicated by months in Roman numerals. All studied specimens are deposited in the entomological collection in the Zoology Department of Murcia University (Spain) and in the collections of Francisco Lencina, Fernando Albert and Francisco Arcas. The occurrence data can be accessed at DOI:https://doi.org/10.15470/a6fcav

Roesler (1973), Slamka (2006), Leraut (2014) and Slamka (2019) were consulted to obtain the information on biology, voltinism and geographical distribution of the species, while Calle (1982) and Varga (2010) were consulted for biogeographic criteria. The voltinism of some species is unknown and data in text have been made, based on our observations in the study area.

Checklists

Annotated checklist of Pyralidae recorded in the Murcia Region

Pyralidae

B1365F49-907C-52FF-BAA3-F17166C467DF

Galleriinae

5AE84485-CB19-5C81-B70F-C6364D0CCDFA

Achroia grisella

(Fabricius, 1794)

0A6192CD-1A75-51D2-8019-C5557A4D4004

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VI, X. First record in Murcia Region.

Galleria mellonella

(Linnaeus, 1758)

FAE03D7A-7152-5811-AA48-B745BA7C5155

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Cathayia insularum

(Speidel & Schmitz, 1991)

4B46AEEC-5E64-54CC-8086-65B991E76888

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: I, VII-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Aphomia sociella

(Linnaeus, 1758)

35FEB8CA-0719-5C9E-AD36-4447AB07C1F4

Distribution

Holarctic

Notes

References: Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2010). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-VII.

Aphomia murciella

Zerny, 1914

F478453F-F3FF-594E-AF22-D763E6F797B9

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Caradja (1916), Slamka (2006). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VII-VIII.

Aphomia sabella

(Hampson, 1901)

A0ECD27D-0594-517C-8C0D-BC2F7BCB6C26

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VII-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Aphomia zelleri

(Joannis, 1932)

F0FBDD9A-7EB6-524E-A063-D49BAC5FD1E4

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Palacios and Abad (2010). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX-X.

Lamoria anella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

2272FDA4-F131-5F10-8849-4F557F45B70F

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-XI. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycitinae

17B0D194-E067-5F05-B5E7-6D810A60FFC4

Coenochroa ablutella

(Zeller, 1839)

0E2AD0D4-FCB2-5ADE-AC67-4C414D6ADA8D

Distribution

Tropical

Notes

References: Agenjo (1952). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-X.

Peoria cremoricosta

(Ragonot, 1895)

7DB78095-D32B-5AFE-B9DA-0C6EFE0C89CA

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Peoria translucidella

(Chrétien, 1911)

789DBD4B-BF8A-56C0-931D-B039BA177DE1

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Ematheudes punctellus

(Treitschke, 1833)

37480A67-6B70-5298-8FAB-FD6749D6665E

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-X.

Polyochodes stipella

Chrétien, 1911

BB1A3E32-4C4E-5BF1-B827-6123A110CF23

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI. First record in Murcia Region.

Cryptoblabes gnidiella

(Millière, 1867)

B7CFDD97-DB5F-5284-84EF-17BD094BA727

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Agenjo (1952). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VII-VIII.

Pempeliella ardosiella

(Ragonot, 1887)

B8B718BA-BECE-52C0-9A33-3F0DB59E18A9

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Slamka (2019). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-VII.

Huertasiella italogallicella

(Millière, 1883)

A8CD58EE-AEEC-5D4E-899F-590124D2AD11

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Uncinus hispanella

(Staudinger, 1859)

BA4E0A35-5AB3-5E78-9D23-2F6BEF8F163C

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Slamka (2019). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VI.

Pseudosyria malacella

(Staudinger, 1870)

639A12E0-94E7-5DAE-AB2A-47F9D42E0C91

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Pseudoinsalebria iberica

Slamka, Ylla & Macià, 2018

ED634723-CBA6-5519-80D2-3DFBC22A0BEC

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

References: Slamka et al. (2018), Slamka (2019). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV-V.

Asalebria florella

(Mann, 1862)

B8DB76BF-9753-509C-8D68-11DBBAB26348

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Asalebria ferruginella

(Zerny, 1914)

01EB8731-84CA-5E98-9785-220A7855C6B1

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Schmidt (1934), Slamka (2019). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V.

Psorosa dahliella

(Zerny, 1914)

DCFB5389-24DD-59BF-B94A-DDDB530F1AD0

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Slamka (2010). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V.

Psorosa ferrugatella

Turati, 1924

45B87397-2A29-5DAE-BA94-DE6EE2B868ED

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Girdley et al. (2020). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IV-VI.

Psorosa mediterranella

Amsel, 1953

A23EF6F8-C1FF-585E-B163-8B570D4C8432

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Slamka (2019). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-VIII, X.

Alophia combustella

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)

DEF67F81-160C-5154-B943-B1BABB95439E

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: III-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Rhodophaea formosa

(Haworth, 1811)

EC48BB17-AF3D-5F45-88F1-56BD78046182

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V. First record in Murcia Region.

Sciota elegiella

(Zerny, 1929)

8B0E1772-8621-5647-84F1-C97DD6E03FD2

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Faveria dionysia

(Zeller, 1846)

03B91912-4290-5897-9D35-3D4D7218ED7A

Distribution

Tropical

Notes

References: Slamka (2019). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VIII, X.

Melathrix coenulentella

(Zeller, 1846)

30CF38D9-89D7-59BF-AC87-37BFED1870B4

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II, VI, IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Amphithrix sublineatella

(Staudinger, 1859)

F5F78982-1E11-51BF-9A49-223B90362ACB

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910), Agenjo (1952). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-X.

Oxybia transversella

(Duponchel, 1836)

DAE30773-A43D-5939-9BDB-A64D799C84A0

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Derra and Hacker (1982), De Prins (1985). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: II-III, V-X.

Denticera divisella

(Duponchel, 1843)

444EA283-B578-5C1A-A3B1-677052C800A6

Distribution

Tropical

Notes

References: De Prins (1985). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II, VIII-XI.

Oncocera semirubella

(Scopoli, 1763)

4D024112-5A2C-53E6-BA85-CDD8EB70D86E

Distribution

Palaearctic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V, VIII-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Etiella zinckenella

(Treitschke, 1832)

97D1F5DB-69DE-5CFA-AACE-A87B61EFB115

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

References: Agenjo (1948), Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-IX.

Pima boisduvaliella

(Guenée, 1845)

57B71507-332C-544C-89AC-F48FCFA032A2

Distribution

Holarctic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-V. First record in Murcia Region.

Merulempista turturella

(Zeller, 1848)

9F7C46A4-B250-562D-9E42-F3DEA4D2A74E

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Asselbergs (1993). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V, VII-IX.

Merulempista azrouella

(D. Lucas, 1933)

BAB965E5-0DD5-5061-AD01-F7D13ACC4A94

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-IV, VII. First record in Murcia Region.

Tephris ochreella

Ragonot, 1893

C2EC597B-E2DC-5140-BAB6-251FCA1C3F0B

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Vives-Moreno (1992), Vives-Moreno (2014), Slamka (2019). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V.

Pempelia palumbella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

FAAFAC44-3054-5AAA-998D-B5B3322C2AFE

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Slamka (2019). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: I-XII.

Pempelia albariella

Zeller, 1839

D6B7DA59-09FC-52EE-9D21-C75CF6CD79CC

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VII. First record in Murcia Region.

Pempelia genistella

(Duponchel, 1836)

621D0868-B6DD-5885-8399-CF0F5D50CD70

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Pempelia brephiella

(Staudinger, 1879)

37157B27-C710-5D2C-917E-193FCB97E507

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014), Slamka (2019). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-VI, IX-XII.

Pempelia compositella

(Treitschke, 1835)

7DD749AF-7E8E-53CF-820D-3CA0C426D770

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: III-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycita roborella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

071A0E06-D24C-539E-BCDA-01FF970A46D2

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycita diaphana

(Staudinger, 1870)

8356E7C7-E831-5565-8639-BE4CAF14E960

Distribution

Tropical

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IV, IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Ceutholopha isidis

(Zeller, 1867)

553B882A-068F-533E-A049-5B974C370973

Distribution

Tropical

Notes

References: Girdley et al. (2018). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V, VIII.

Dioryctria abietella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

121A236C-9DA7-5673-8D78-F2914C7DA382

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V, IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Dioryctria sylvestrella

(Ratzeburg, 1840)

E8274CFF-3F96-57EC-B048-73715FB8B2C3

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX-X.

Dioryctria mendacella

(Staudinger, 1859)

EAB0DF15-3E87-5BC2-B24A-DAC1AF8FC30C

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Knölke (2007). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-X.

Dioryctria pineae

(Staudinger, 1859)

FD038B84-20BF-5677-9FE2-8AB88C2D383B

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX-X.

Epischnia prodromella

(Hübner, 1799)

A6C3182F-AAEA-5857-AEBF-9A0B9EDDEDE3

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Agenjo (1948). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-VII, IX, XII.

Epischnia illotella

Zeller, 1839

0665BCA0-0F7C-5054-B029-1D369B519051

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910), Agenjo (1948), Agenjo (1952), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-XI.

Epischnia asteris

Staudinger, 1871

17ABCAFD-A12A-5E16-8FBD-80056A8584BF

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Agenjo (1948), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-VII, X.

Epischnia ampliatella

(Heinemann, 1864)

12381DC0-DDF0-5769-BE22-1EEBB0AE5BD3

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Girdley et al. (2020). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: II.

Nephopterix angustella

(Hübner, 1796)

22553273-51F0-5FD8-9AD4-1DEE10388E0D

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Acrobasis legatea

(Haworth, 1811)

C18D44B3-36B6-598D-B2D7-234C33E8651C

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Acrobasis bithynella

Zeller, 1848

6154404B-13EA-5737-AC83-82CF1BBAB1D7

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Acrobasis obliqua

(Zeller, 1847)

1119A135-1FAF-585D-81EE-AC5596566C31

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: II-V.

Acrobasis romanella

(Millière, 1869)

D4119D31-DBBC-5118-94AF-6599758A5BB5

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Acrobasis sodalella

Zeller, 1848

E927AFD2-E62A-55BD-BB03-F0EB56E7FB4D

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Acrobasis fallouella

(Ragonot, 1871)

7DC9A89A-9D8A-50CD-B26F-FF9D5785F071

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Acrobasis centunculella

(Mann, 1859)

ED605580-82FA-5C63-9DAE-153ECBB7BCE6

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: II-X.

Acrobasis obtusella

(Hübner, 1796)

B2819911-F4FD-5AA1-B837-13ED1E1A67AD

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI. First record in Murcia Region.

Apomyelois bistriatella

(Hulst, 1887)

C7D99C8C-09DB-5913-BBE3-C724F32F0BCF

Distribution

Holarctic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Apomyelois ceratoniae

(Zeller, 1839)

6C783D22-AAB1-5DA4-8219-4EAD690FB458

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IV-V, VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Eurhodope rosella

(Scopoli, 1763)

A2E0146B-9D8C-5F52-9DC1-660E6E94454D

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VII. First record in Murcia Region.

Eurhodope cruentella

(Duponchel, 1843)

3AFE583D-0F31-5685-9125-FC0897C3BD1A

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1916), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008c). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV-VI.

Myelois circumvoluta

(Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785)

FCF630A5-56BF-544C-93AE-ED53D6A90766

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV. First record in Murcia Region.

Myelois fuscicostella

Mann, 1861

C6C2217F-E663-5DF3-A76D-060B33D8E2BD

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: III-V. First record in Murcia Region.

Valdovecaria hispanicella

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)

E8828C6A-2B62-522E-B6E4-F1F80046BE6B

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2010). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV-IX.

Pterothrixidia rufella

(Duponchel, 1836)

B1F701B8-7A72-5A82-ABFE-F91976981FD6

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VIII.

Seeboldia korgosella

Ragonot, 1887

899F4A61-55B0-5E9A-8B01-1BA709B82D7E

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV, VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Epischidia fulvostrigella

(Eversmann, 1844)

42F6CA84-5A08-5643-AA28-995718573BD4

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Gymnancyla ruscinonella

(Ragonot, 1888)

E1969B6F-A5BB-51D8-8298-B892D50F05AE

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Gastón and Vives (2018). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: III-VI, VIII-IX.

Gymnancyla hillneriella

Gastón & Vives, 2018

2C69656B-1D31-590A-88A9-BEABA63AF15F

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

References: Gastón and Vives (2018). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-IX.

Gymnancyla canella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

0C044E3F-1B8E-5ACC-BEAD-C447BADDF7E8

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Gastón and Vives (2018). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII.

Metallostichodes nygrocianella

(Constant, 1865)

C38D623B-B870-500B-9BD0-0F472571C307

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Assara conicolella

(Constant, 1884)

2FA61D57-6DC3-559A-9B3E-7E96FE849C80

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII.

Euzophera pinguis

(Haworth, 1811)

AC1E1019-CD19-5DF7-B299-A1DD0B34908C

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V, VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Euzophera lunulella

(O. Costa, 1836)

49E66EA3-8D08-5F6D-87B7-30CF57572EF2

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Derra and Hacker (1982), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008b), Palacios and Abad (2010). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-IX.

Euzophera osseatella

(Treitschke, 1832)

612758CD-8ED3-5E95-93F1-F3AC38D005FA

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V, X. First record in Murcia Region.

Euzopherodes vapidella

(Mann, 1857)

9435B0DE-F5F2-5346-84D3-E6AA1CA64A9D

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: II-V, X-XI. First record in Murcia Region.

Nyctegretis ruminella

(La Harpe, 1860)

D08B34FF-622C-5841-804B-0A5FC857910E

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2014). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VI, VIII.

Ancylosis cinnamomella

(Duponchel, 1836)

5E998E23-CC38-54DE-851A-F71CCEE43C11

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: De Prins (1985). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: I-X.

Ancylosis uncinatella

(Ragonot, 1890)

B237244F-7F60-504F-9B95-6B017E2AFC32

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Agenjo (1962), Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: III, V, VII.

Ancylosis maculifera

Staudinger, 1870

223DFB8E-A4CD-5880-93E0-F0E23A250BE3

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis samaritanella

(Zeller, 1867)

F1FCC22E-0E6F-599A-9BD4-79F9FEFD817D

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: VII. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis roscidella

(Eversmann, 1844)

451A1832-1CE3-5FB3-A624-8162F6297028

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Roesler (1973). Biological data: Bivoltine.

Ancylosis gracilella

(Ragonot, 1887)

AE09AE31-4E07-53C9-9729-8A94853A5C7D

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IV-V, IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis harmoniella

(Ragonot, 1887)

A52C6515-2E0B-593D-AB41-DFC9E2F95847

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V, X. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis rhodochrella

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1852)

65D5628B-8ED5-57F7-8A4A-6CD3C00CE394

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V, VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis oblitella

(Zeller, 1848)

E525C474-85BE-598E-9B64-B6039E2CA510

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV, VII-XI. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis calcariella

Ragonot, 1901

BC9CF625-1B14-5D15-9AAE-A02C058D4952

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V, VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Ancylosis yerburii

(Butler, 1884)

83E72189-63C0-597B-BBEB-8688189CED0D

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Bidzilya et al. (2020). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: III-VII, IX.

Homoeosoma sinuella

(Fabricius, 1794)

66B75B88-CF88-5CA9-86F4-FF96DEB567C1

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910), Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Homoeosoma nebulella

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

08652440-6142-5989-B1BB-E725FA0FC88C

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Caradja (1910). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VIII.

Homoeosoma nimbella

(Duponchel, 1837)

401CA697-754D-5C6C-B4D2-5613D03BFF2F

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Agenjo (1952). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V.

Phycitodes arenicola

(Chrétien, 1911)

CCADBE18-5A66-5639-BC06-103F21114234

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycitodes binaevella

(Hübner, 1813)

F19A08EC-DD99-530A-9386-9593213B9CFC

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: III-V. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycitodes saxicola

(Vaughan, 1870)

3D9DC5D5-3029-524E-908A-8D144AD85B78

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Roesler (1973). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-VI, VIII-XI.

Phycitodes lacteella

(Rothschild, 1915)

21DAB015-1641-5DFC-BABD-DAB70E2865EA

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: II, VI, IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Phycitodes bentinckella

(Pierce, 1937)

835D6C61-9107-5B04-8EC4-F21F370B2F38

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Roesler (1973). Biological data: Univoltine.

Phycitodes albatella

(Ragonot, 1887)

9A62225D-E44F-507C-929C-DBCE17D4E424

Distribution

Holarctic

Notes

References: Roesler (1973). Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VI.

Phycitodes inquinatella

(Ragonot, 1887)

18579E9D-E272-57FD-8EA4-C1A6AF7E7E44

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V, VII-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Archiephestia adpiscinella

(Chrétien, 1911)

F53CC5F6-082D-5C8D-B4AD-CF41FB2127AC

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Leraut (2014). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-X.

Plodia interpunctella

(Hübner, 1813)

93C34B57-5F2E-56B0-BE47-0D17525A711F

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Ephestia disparella

Ragonot, 1901

17EDE3B5-6E48-554A-A6AB-E6008D26B734

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Roesler (1973). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI.

Ephestia parasitella

Staudinger, 1859

10B29580-86BE-5922-81B3-A0869A9A23AD

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-VI, IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Ephestia woodiella

Richards & Thomson, 1832

782FE72B-F955-52CD-AE43-FE2B3CD0A86F

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Ephestia kuehniella

(Zeller, 1879)

2E44A65E-ADA2-5BC7-ACA8-AB7E74B05679

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VI, XII. First record in Murcia Region.

Ephestia welseriella

(Zeller, 1848)

06C726D2-5E4D-543E-8B87-CCE1A805690D

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Cadra furcatella

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)

54C0C01A-9F13-5843-8ECF-EEAB62485D8C

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: VI. First record in Murcia Region.

Cadra figulilella

(Gregson, 1871)

7FB071BC-ACBC-597D-A028-3C86FCA41171

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: V-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Cadra cautella

(Walker, 1863)

EC08A98A-E792-5427-A1FD-F9D8D71178D6

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Cadra calidella

(Guenée, 1845)

0F2C5CF0-B754-54C4-AB24-75DE4ABD3E0A

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Pyralinae

59A5EF68-B6C1-5580-B840-64EDCE2CA745

Endotricha flammealis

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

5C010146-13D2-54D8-95D0-5C48F8B4B3FE

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: VI-IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Hypotia corticalis

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

1D92F0A5-F734-516D-92A8-F38EB84909BD

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Agenjo (1952). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Hypotia infulalis

Lederer, 1858

B7152D2B-36AE-5CDD-82EB-381448CAE0F2

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Vives-Moreno (1992). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-X.

Hypotia pectinalis

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)

526F0322-E337-54A1-936E-9A1832A29231

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V, VII-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Hypotia miegi

(Ragonot, 1895)

7BAEEF1D-E0E5-5EDF-BE07-1DC0A51B4751

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

References: Ragonot (1895), Agenjo (1962), Slamka (2006). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: II-III, V-IX.

Hypotia leucographalis

(Hampson, 1900)

188E575D-F81C-5C06-9531-3FFA7009B628

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

References: Hampson (1900), Agenjo (1952), Slamka (2006). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V, VII-X.

Synaphe moldavica

(Esper, 1794)

1A268E1F-3F16-5DCF-B825-32DA85C1F013

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-VI. First record in Murcia Region.

Synaphe diffidalis

(Guenée, 1854)

722AE73C-61C0-5E1A-BE7C-2DF11AA2829A

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Caradja (1916). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: II-V.

Synaphe predotalis

(Zerny, 1927)

1C57E773-BE72-5AEF-9449-29329762EB88

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Synaphe punctalis

(Fabricius, 1775)

943D861D-FFCD-5B5A-A556-E285BB799642

Distribution

Eurasiatic

Notes

References: Slamka (2006). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VII-VIII.

Pyralis farinalis

(Linnaeus, 1758)

D0AE5B16-E21E-5621-9F72-0FE6A2F0C16E

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: III-IV, VI-XI. First record in Murcia Region.

Aglossa pinguinalis

(Linnaeus, 1758)

AF4C1B6F-0186-5536-B584-3453255CC7E0

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IV, IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Aglossa caprealis

(Hübner, 1809)

EED07796-5AC4-5E5B-87AD-06504E2800FE

Distribution

Cosmopolitan

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI. First record in Murcia Region.

Aglossa brabanti

Ragonot, 1884

6E7BDC6B-1D6A-5E92-8793-8D9F124379D2

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Slamka (2006), Pérez de-Gregorio and Requena (2008a). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Aglosa mayrae

Ylla, Šumpich, Gastón, Huertas & Macià, 2017

7F3D22C5-799C-5056-BB12-FDABC58D4AAB

Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-V. First record in Murcia Region.

Stemmatophora combustalis

(Fisher von Röslerstamm, 1842)

05EA0707-93D0-5356-B4FE-0761625F4A65

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Derra and Hacker (1982). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: V-VIII.

Stemmatophora gadesalis

Ragonot, 1882

F1455122-10BF-533E-ABDB-3FC8AFE2E856

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Caradja (1916). Biological data: Univoltine.

Stemmatophora vulpecalis

Ragonot, 1891

8FCB2901-4EC8-5DF6-B908-7BD6729F5CDE

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Slamka (2006). Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VIII.

Stemmatophora syriacalis

(Ragonot, 1895)

D88A5953-3505-572C-A7CF-06917243F870

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VI-VIII. First record in Murcia Region.

Stemmatophora rungsi

(Leraut, 2000)

9F32FB2F-4E60-519E-9E8E-A63A7E6FB9C1

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX. First record in Murcia Region.

Stemmatophora brunnealis

(Treitschke, 1829)

45609B3D-DD3D-5DEF-82E1-84B62A4FAAE6

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VIII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Stemmatophora borgialis

(Duponchel, 1833)

88F2FAE2-BB33-5D57-86F0-D285135C4095

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: VII-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Maradana fuscolimbalis

(Ragonot, 1887)

14B8F838-54EA-5C38-95C2-416D1650A393

Distribution

Atlanto-Mediterranean

Notes

Biological data: Polyvoltine. Flight period: IV-XI. First record in Murcia Region.

Bostra obsoletalis

(Mann, 1884)

A01BE3E4-1D6E-56C4-8E5F-4E6E50A47885

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: De Prins (1985). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-IX.

Loryma egregialis

(Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)

BD40F19E-7A3C-5C7A-AAEE-158609647A9C

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

References: Zerny (1914), Agenjo (1952), Slamka (2006). Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: IV-X.

Hypsopygia costalis

(Fabricius, 1775)

249A0195-DFBA-54D0-ADA5-5BE4B614308C

Distribution

Holarctic

Notes

Biological data: Bivoltine. Flight period: VI-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Hypsopygia incarnatalis

(Zeller, 1847)

3A541C97-25A4-5D39-BBF9-F4A55BE7BBF8

Distribution

Mediterranean-Asiatic

Notes

Biological data: Univoltine. Flight period: IX-X. First record in Murcia Region.

Analysis

The list includes 142 species in 67 genera and three subfamilies: Galleriinae (8 species), Phycitinae (107 species) and Pyralinae (27 species). Seventy-three new records (51%) from the Murcia Region are added to its Lepidopteran fauna.

The most species-rich subfamily, Phycitinae, comprises 77.6% of all genera and 75.3% of all species, while Pyralinae comprise 14.9% and 19.1% and Galleriinae with 7.5% and 5.6%, respectively (Table 1).

Table 1.

Numbers and percentages of known genera and species recorded for each subfamily in Murcia Region.

Subfamilies	Genus richness	% Genus	Species richness	% Species
Galleriinae	5	7.5	8	5.6
Phycitinae	52	77.6	107	75.3
Pyralinae	10	14.9	27	19.1
Total	67	100	142	100

The European family of Pyralidae consists of 470 species (Leraut 2014), whilst the Iberian Pyralidae fauna comprise 262 extant species (Vives-Moreno 2014). Thus, to date, the number of species known from the Murcia Region accounts for approximately 30% of the European total and 54.1% of the Iberian species.

Alpha diversity indices applied to abundance data (2683 individuals of 136 species collected) showed a low dominance value of 0.96 (all taxa are equally present) and a Chao1 estimate of total species richness amongst 140 species (lower value) to 165.5 species (upper value) which is close to 142 species studied and foresees the addition of new species in the future.

Known Pyralidae diversity in the Murcia Region seem relatively rich when compared to those in other Iberian Regions and with the whole of the Iberian Peninsula, as for instance, similar Iberian Regions extensively surveyed like Catalonia (172 species; Dantart 2020) and Aragon (163 species; Redondo et al. 2017). This may be because intensive surveys have started only recently or because the biodiversity is greater closer to the temperate areas. However, we are sure that an increase in the sampling effort will allow adding new species to the of Pyralidae checklist from the Murcia Region.

The most species-rich Pyralidae genera in the Murcia Region are Ancylosis (11 species, 7.7%), Acrobasis (8 species, 5.6%), Phycitoides and Stemmatophora (7 species, 4.9% each, respectively), Pempelia, Ephestia and Hypotia (5 species, 3.5% each, respectively) and Aphomia, Cadra, Dioryctria, Epischinia, Aglossa and Synaphe (4 species, 2.8% each, respectively). The majority of genera (12) are species-poor (2-3 species) or known in the Murcia Region from a single species (42 genera).

Species richness varies substantially amongst the different bioclimatic areas of the Murcia Region (Fig. 1). The Thermomediterranean area has the most diverse Pyralidae fauna with 116 species recorded, followed by the Mesomediterranean area with 73 species, while the Supra- and Oromediteranean areas appear to be less diverse with 39 species (Table 2). In each of these areas, 54 species are unique in the Thermo-, 10 in Meso- and four in Supra- and Oromediterranean areas, while 41 species were recorded in two areas and 26 in the three studied areas. Approximately 47.8% of the species can be considered specialists in a given bioclimatic area, while the other 52.2% can be considered as opportunists of different types of vegetation that characterise each of the bioclimatic areas. The detailed data for the bioclimatic areas of Pyralidae in the Murcia Region are summarised in Table 2.

Table 2.

List of unique species in each bioclimatic area or in more than one bioclimatic area.

Oro- and Suprameditarreneam	Acrobasisobtusella (Hübner, 1796)
	Phycitaroborella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Eurhodoperosella (Scopoli, 1763)
	Cadrafurcatella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
Mesomediterraneam	Huertasiellaitalogallicella (Millière, 1883)
	Rhodophaeaformosa (Haworth, 1811)
	Pempeliaalbariella Zeller, 1839
	Pempeliagenistella (Duponchel, 1836)
	Seeboldiakorgosella Ragonot, 1887
	Ancylosisrhodochrella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852)
	Homoeosomanebulella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Phycitodesarenicola (Chrétien, 1911)
	Synaphepunctalis (Fabricius, 1775)
	Stemmatophorarungsi (Leraut, 2000)
Thermomediterraneam	Achroiagrisella (Fabricius, 1794)
	Aphomiamurciella Zerny, 1914
	Aphomiasabella (Hampson, 1901)
	Lamoriazelleri (Joannis, 1932)
	Peoriacremoricosta (Ragonot, 1895)
	Peoriatranslucidella (Chrétien, 1911)
	Polyochodesstipella Chrétien, 1911
	Cryptoblabesgnidiella (Millière, 1867)
	Pseudosyriamalacella (Staudinger, 1870)
	Psorosaferrugatella Turati, 1924
	Sciotaelegiella (Zerny, [1929])
	Faveriadionysia (Zeller, 1846)
	Melathrixcoenulentella (Zeller, 1846)
	Denticeradivisella (Duponchel, [1843])
	Merulempistaturturella (Zeller, 1848)
	Merulempistaazrouella (D. Lucas, 1933)
	Tephrisochreella Ragonot, 1893
	Phycitadiaphana (Staudinger, 1870)
	Ceutholophaisidis (Zeller, 1867)
	Epischniaampliatella (Heinemann, 1864)
	Nephopterixangustella (Hübner, 1796)
	Acrobasissodalella Zeller, 1848
	Apomyeloisbistriatella (Hulst, 1887)
	Myeloiscircumvoluta (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785)
	Epischidiafulvostrigella (Eversmann, 1844)
	Gymnancylahillneriella Gastón & Vives, 2018
	Gymnancylacanella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Metallostichodesnygrocianella (Constant, 1865)
	Assaraconicolella (Constant, 1884)
	Euzopheraosseatella (Treitschke, 1832)
	Euzopherodesvapidella (Mann, 1857)
	Nyctegretisruminella (La Harpe, 1860)
	Ancylosisuncinatella (Ragonot, 1890)
	Ancylosismaculifera Staudinger, 1870
	Ancylosissamaritanella (Zeller, 1867)
	Ancylosiscalcariella Ragonot, 1901
	Ancylosisyerburii (Butler, 1884)
	Phycitodesbinaevella (Hübner, [1813])
	Phycitodeslacteella (Rothschild, 1915)
	Phycitodesinquinatella (Ragonot, 1887)
	Plodiainterpunctella (Hübner, [1813])
	Ephestiadisparella Ragonot, 1901
	Ephestiawoodiella Richards & Thomson, 1832
	Ephestiakuehniella (Zeller, 1879)
	Cadracautella (Walker, 1863)
	Cadracalidella (Guenée, 1845)
	Hypotiainfulalis Lederer, 1858
	Hypotiapectinalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)
	Hypotialeucographalis (Hampson, 1900)
	Pyralisfarinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Aglossapinguinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Aglossacaprealis (Hübner, [1809])
	Hypsopygiacostalis (Fabricius, 1775)
	Hypsopygiaincarnatalis (Zeller, 1847)
Oro-, Supra- and Mesomediterranean	Aphomiasociella (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Uncinushispanella (Staudinger, 1859)
	Acrobasisromanella (Millière, 1869)
	Pterothrixidiarufella (Duponchel, 1836)
	Synaphemoldavica (Esper, 1794)
Meso- and Thermomediterranean	Cathayiainsularum (Speidel & Schmitz, 1991)
	Pseudoinsalebriaiberica Slamka, Ylla & Macià, 2018
	Psorosamediterranella Amsel, 1953
	Oncocerasemirubella (Scopoli, 1763)
	Pimaboisduvaliella (Guenée, 1845)
	Pempeliabrephiella (Staudinger, 1879)
	Dioryctriasylvestrella (Ratzeburg, 1840)
	Dioryctriapineae (Staudinger, 1859)
	Apomyeloisceratoniae (Zeller, 1839)
	Eurhodopecruentella (Duponchel, [1843])
	Myeloisfuscicostella Mann, 1861
	Valdovecariahispanicella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
	Gymnancylaruscinonella (Ragonot, 1888)
	Euzopherapinguis (Haworth, 1811)
	Ancylosisgracilella (Ragonot, 1887)
	Ancylosisharmoniella (Ragonot, 1887)
	Ancylosisoblitella (Zeller, 1848)
	Phycitodessaxicola (Vaughan, 1870)
	Archiephestiaadpiscinella (Chrétien, 1911)
	Ephestiaparasitella Staudinger, 1859
	Ephestiawelseriella (Zeller, 1848)
	Cadrafigulilella (Gregson, 1871)
	Hypotiacorticalis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Hypotiamiegi (Ragonot, 1895)
	Synaphediffidalis (Guenée, 1854)
	Synaphepredotalis (Zerny, 1927)
	Aglossabrabanti Ragonot, 1884
	Aglosamayrae Ylla, Šumpich, Gastón, Huertas & Macià, 2017
	Stemmatophorasyriacalis (Ragonot, 1895)
	Stemmatophoraborgialis (Duponchel, [1833])
	Maradanafuscolimbalis (Ragonot, 1887)
	Lorymaegregialis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)
Oro- and Supra- and Thermomediterranean	Alophiacombustella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
	Dioryctriaabietella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Acrobasislegatea (Haworth, 1811)
	Phycitodesalbatella (Ragonot, 1887)
All areas	Galleriamellonella (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Lamoriaanella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Ematheudespunctellus (Treitschke, 1833)
	Pempeliellaardosiella (Ragonot, 1887)
	Asalebriaflorella (Mann, 1862)
	Amphithrixsublineatella (Staudinger, 1859)
	Oxybiatransversella (Duponchel, 1836)
	Etiellazinckenella (Treitschke, 1832)
	Pempeliapalumbella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Pempeliacompositella (Treitschke, 1835)
	Dioryctriamendacella (Staudinger, 1859)
	Epischniaprodromella (Hübner, [1799])
	Epischniaillotella Zeller, 1839
	Epischniaasteris Staudinger, 1871
	Acrobasisbithynella Zeller, 1848
	Acrobasisobliqua (Zeller, 1847)
	Acrobasisfallouella (Ragonot, 1871)
	Acrobasiscentunculella (Mann, 1859)
	Euzopheralunulella (O. Costa, [1836])
	Ancylosiscinnamomella (Duponchel, 1836)
	Homoeosomasinuella (Fabricius, 1794)
	Endotrichaflammealis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
	Stemmatophoracombustalis (Fisher von Röslerstamm, [1842])
	Stemmatophoravulpecalis Ragonot, 1891
	Stemmatophorabrunnealis (Treitschke, 1829)
	Bostraobsoletalis (Mann, 1884)

Chorological analysis for the family Pyralidae in the Region of Murcia showed that the Mediterranean chorotype is the most abundant with 59.2% of the total, which is consistent with the geographical position of the study area. Amongst these, the Asiatic-Mediterranean elements (41.5%) are more frequent than the Atlanto-Mediterranean elements (17.6%). On the other hand, the elements of wide distribution, such as the Eurasiatic, Holarctic and Palaearctic (24.6%), are the most common in the mountainous biotopes of the centre and north of the study area, while the tropical and cosmopolitan species (12.0%) have their origin mainly in Africa. The presence of opportunistic species is due to the agricultural crop fields that dominate part of the Murcian territory. The Iberian endemisms are represented with six species (4.2%).

Regarding the biology of the species, the environmental conditions of the study area, which affect the availability of trophic resources for reproduction, suggest that most of the species are bivoltins (40.8%) and univoltins (38.0%), while the rest are polyvoltins (21.1%). Most of the Phyctinae recorded species feed on plant species belonging to the Asteraceae, Cistaceae, Fabaceae, Pinaceae, Fagaceae, Oleaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Lamiaceae families, amongst others. The most particular cases are those related to the genera Cadra, Ephestia and Plodia which are pests on stored products. Some species, such as Apomyeolisceratoniae (Zeller), Cryptoblabesgnidiella (Millière), Etiellazinckeniella (Treitschke) and Euzopherapinguis (Haworth) must be controlled since they are agricultural crop pests. Many of the species of the subfamily Galleriinae live in bee, bumblebee or wasp nests as well as on plant detritus. Others, such as Aphomiasabella (Hampson) and Cathayiainsularum (Speidel & Schmitz), are parasites of palm trees (Phoenix spp.). In relation to the subfamily Pyralinae, most of the species feed on plant and animal detritus with Pyralisfarinalis (Linnaeus) being also a particular pest on cereal flour. Finally, the food source and diet of 27.4% of species are unknown, so it will be necessary to carry out complementary studies for further biological understanding.

Some taxa cited in the references have been removed from the checklist as Epischniamuscidella Ragonot, cited in Caradja (1916), because it is distributed in Turkey (Leraut 2014); Hypotiasyrtalis (Ragonot) also cited in Caradja (1916) was removed in Slamka (2006) and Vives-Moreno (2014); Psorosanucleolella (Möschler) cited in Zerny (1914) from Sierra Espuña mountains was removed according to Slamka (2019); Tephriscyriella (Erschoff), cited from Sierra Espuña mountains in Vives-Moreno (1992) and later corrected as T.ochreella Ragonot in Vives-Moreno (2014) and Slamka (2019); Laristaniaalbipunctella (Chrétien), cited in Palm (2012), Leraut (2014) and Vives-Moreno (2014), has been cited as a new species Pseudoinsalebriaiberica Slamka, Ylla & Macià (Slamka et al. 2018). Finally, Gymnancylahornigii (Lederer) was cited in Girdley et al. (2019), but misidentified with Epischidiafulvostrigella (Eversmann) according to morphological and barcode data (unpublished data).

Discussion

Prior to our investigation, the number of known Pyralidae moth species in the Murcia Region was 69. Our study increases this number to a total of 142, based on an examination of museum specimens, published records and sampled individuals, accounting for 54.1% of all of the Iberian species known. This study presents an updated checklist of current Pyralidae moth species with their distribution and biological information for the Murcia Region in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula.

This study serves as both a guide for collection in the poorly sampled south-western European continent and a comprehensive reference list with the Pyralidae taxa and localities where conservation is an important priority for policy-makers, conservation planners and for the management of insect diversity in Spain.

We encourage lepidopterists holding additional data on systematically collected pyralids to produce an updated dataset. Additionally, new intensive surveys in adjacent regions are being conducted and unknown specimens are continuously identified to species level.

Funding Statement

Fundación Séneca (Regional Government of Murcia, Spain)