Figure 1.

Capabilities and limitations of established animal models in filovirus and bornavirus disease. Scheme of human-pathogenic Filoviridae and Bornaviridae animal models. Left: Filovirus animal models: non-human primates, ferrets, guinea pigs, hamsters, wild-type mice, and immune-deficient or humanized mice. Right: common animal models for human bornavirus encephalitis including non-human primates, shrews, guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, rats, and rabbits. Expenditure summarizes cost, availability, personnel and space requirements. Created with Biorender.com.