Table 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

NIS: The National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample; ICD: International Classification of Diseases

Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
NIS inpatient data on obesity using ICD codes E66, E660, E6601, E6609, E662, E668, and E669.	ICD codes that did not cover obesity-related conditions.
Pediatric population 18 years or less	All population over 18 years
Obesity due to calorie excess	Obesity due to medication or medical condition