Correction to: Journal of Perinatology 10.1038/s41372-022-01535-x, published online 29 October 2022
In the “Abstract/Objectives” section of this article, the sentence “To estimate the national and states-specific breastfeeding rate gaps in the United States for achieving the Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) targets, which are: 42.4% of infants to exclusively breastfeed through 6th months, and 54.1% of infants to breastfeed through 12th month of age.” should instead have read. “To estimate the national and states-specific gaps in breastfeeding rates in the United States for achieving the Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) targets, which are: 42.4% of infants to exclusively breastfeed through 6th months, and 54.1% of infants to breastfeed through 12th month of age.”
In the “Abstract/Results” section of this article, the sentence “Relative to their 2019 baseline estimates, 7 U.S. states need to increase breastfeeding rates between 100% and 208%, 27 states between 50% and 99%, 9 states and 2 territories between 20% and 49% and the remaining 7, between 0% and 19%.” should instead have read. “Relative to their 2019 baseline estimates, 7 U.S. states need to increase breastfeeding rates between 100% and 207%, 27 states between 50% and 99%, 9 states and 2 territories between 20% and 49% and the remaining 7, between 0% and 19%.”
In the “Introduction” section of this article, the sentence “Although the breastfeeding initiation rates are high in the U.S., most women do not breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months, and fewer continue to breastfeed their infants through the first 12 months, as reported by the latest NIS released on August 1, 2022 [3].” should instead have read. “Although the breastfeeding initiation rates are high in the U.S., most women do not breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months, or continue to breastfeed their infants through the first 12 months, as reported by the latest NIS released on August 1, 2022 [3].”
In the “Results” section of this article, the sentence. “The results are sorted in an ascending order for the mean breastfeeding values for the 6th month breastfeeding estimates.” should instead have read “The results are sorted in an ascending order for the mean breastfeeding values for the 6th and 12th month breastfeeding estimates.”
And the sentence. “The gaps to achieve either of the targets ranged between 100% and 208% for 7 states; between 50% and 99% for 27 states; between 20% and 49% for the 9 states and 2 territories; and between 0% and 19% for the remaining 7 states.” should instead have read. “The gaps to achieve either of the targets ranged between 100% and 207% for 7 states; between 50% and 99% for 27 states; between 20% and 49% for the 9 states and 2 territories; and between 0% and 19% for the remaining 7 states.”
Table 2 should appear as follows:
Table 2.
Rates of Exclusive Breastfeeding by 6 months and any Breastfeeding at 12 months by Socio-demographics among Children Born in 2019 (Percentage ± half 95% Confidence Interval)a.
| Socio-demographic Factors | Any breastfeeding | Exclusive breastfeeding | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Ever breastfed mean ± ½ of 95% confidence intervals | Breastfed at 6 months Mean ± ½ of 95% confidence intervals | Breastfed at 12 months Mean ± ½ of 95% Confidence Intervals | Exclusive Breastfeeding through 3 Months Mean ± ½ of 95% confidence intervals | Exclusive Breastfeeding through 6 months mean ± ½ of 95% confidence intervals | ||
| US National | 20906 | 83.2 ± 1.0 | 55.8 ± 1.3 | 35.9 ± 1.2 | 20217 | 45.3 ± 1.3 | 24.9 ± 1.1 |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 10668 | 83.3 ± 1.4 | 55.5 ± 1.8 | 36.1 ± 1.7 | 10306 | 44.6 ± 1.8 | 24.4 ± 1.5 |
| Female | 10238 | 83.1 ± 1.5 | 56.2 ± 1.8 | 35.7 ± 1.7 | 9911 | 46.1 ± 1.8 | 25.5 ± 1.6 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
| Hispanic | 3991 | 83.0 ± 2.3 | 51.4 ± 2.9 | 33.2 ± 2.7 | 3903 | 43.8 ± 2.9 | 23.5 ± 2.5 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 11465 | 85.3 ± 1.3 | 59.9 ± 1.7 | 39.4 ± 1.6 | 11060 | 49.0 ± 1.7 | 26.9 ± 1.5 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2144 | 74.1 ± 3.7 | 44.0 ± 3.7 | 24.1 ± 2.8 | 2075 | 36.3 ± 3.5 | 19.1 ± 2.8 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1119 | 90.8 ± 2.9 | 70.2 ± 4.9 | 45.7 ± 5.1 | 1076 | 42.5 ± 5.1 | 28.5 ± 4.5 |
| Non-Hispanic Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 113 | NA | NA | NA | 112 | NA | NA |
| Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native | 295 | NA | NA | NA | 291 | NA | NA |
| 2 or more races | 1779 | 82.7 ± 3.4 | 57.1 ± 4.3 | 38.1 ± 4.2 | 1700 | 47.4 ± 4.3 | 27.0 ± 3.8 |
| Maternal education | |||||||
| Less than high school | 1117 | 71.6 ± 4.4 | 39.2 ± 4.9 | 26.6 ± 4.5 | 1089 | 34.7 ± 5.0 | 19.8 ± 4.3 |
| High school graduate | 3588 | 73.4 ± 2.6 | 39.7 ± 2.7 | 23.4 ± 2.3 | 3478 | 36.1 ± 2.7 | 18.6 ± 2.2 |
| Some college or technical school | 5225 | 85.7 ± 1.7 | 54.2 ± 2.4 | 34.2 ± 2.4 | 5079 | 45.6 ± 2.5 | 23.8 ± 2.2 |
| College graduate | 10976 | 91.5 ± 1.1 | 71.9 ± 1.6 | 47.7 ± 1.7 | 10571 | 54.1 ± 1.8 | 31.2 ± 1.6 |
| Maternal Age | |||||||
| Under 20 | 123 | NA | NA | NA | 121 | NA | NA |
| 20–29 | 5691 | 79.9 ± 2.1 | 45.0 ± 2.3 | 27.9 ± 2.1 | 5526 | 40.9 ± 2.4 | 20.4 ± 1.8 |
| 30 or older | 15092 | 84.9 ± 1.2 | 61.1 ± 1.5 | 39.7 ± 1.5 | 14570 | 47.4 ± 1.5 | 27.1 ± 1.4 |
| Poverty income ratiob | |||||||
| Less than 100 | 3577 | 74.0 ± 2.7 | 41.1 ± 2.8 | 24.9 ± 2.4 | 3499 | 37.8 ± 2.9 | 19.3 ± 2.3 |
| 100–199 | 3885 | 80.1 ± 2.4 | 49.9 ± 3.0 | 31.5 ± 2.8 | 3778 | 41.3 ± 3.0 | 22.3 ± 2.5 |
| 200–399 | 5454 | 85.3 ± 1.9 | 59.0 ± 2.4 | 39.1 ± 2.4 | 5279 | 48.4 ± 2.5 | 28.5 ± 2.3 |
| 400–599 | 3840 | 90.7 ± 2.1 | 68.4 ± 3.2 | 46.4 ± 3.0 | 3665 | 51.8 ± 3.2 | 28.3 ± 2.6 |
| 600 or greater | 4150 | 91.6 ± 1.5 | 70.4 ± 2.7 | 44.3 ± 2.8 | 3996 | 51.9 ± 2.8 | 29.0 ± 2.5 |
| Marital statusc | |||||||
| Married | 15160 | 88.6 ± 1.1 | 66.1 ± 1.5 | 44.0 ± 1.5 | 14596 | 50.5 ± 1.5 | 29.3 ± 1.4 |
| Unmarried | 5746 | 74.1 ± 2.1 | 38.7 ± 2.2 | 22.4 ± 1.9 | 5621 | 36.8 ± 2.3 | 17.8 ± 1.8 |
| Geographic location | |||||||
| Metropolitand | 17552 | 83.8 ± 1.1 | 56.6 ± 1.4 | 36.6 ± 1.3 | 16959 | 45.7 ± 1.4 | 25.2 ± 1.2 |
| Non-metropolitan | 3354 | 78.5 ± 2.8 | 49.7 ± 3.3 | 29.7 ± 3.0 | 3258 | 42.3 ± 3.4 | 22.7 ± 3.1 |
NA Estimates not available because the 95% CI was mostly greater than 10.
aTable adapted from the CDC, National Immunization Survey, 2022 report (citation #3).
bPoverty Income Ratio = Ratio of self-reported family income to the federal poverty threshold value depending on the number of people in the household.
cUnmarried includes never married, widowed, separated, divorced, and living with partners.
dMetropolitan area is defined by the Census Bureau.
The original article has been corrected.