PURPOSE
In Tanzania, high breast cancer morbidity and mortality can be attributed in part to delays due to poor access to comprehensive cancer services. Bugando Medical Center (BMC) is one of four tertiary care hospitals in Tanzania. We aimed to describe the catchment area and potential barriers to access for women presenting to BMC with breast concerns.
METHODS
This prospective cohort included women presenting to BMC between September 2019 and January 2021. Patients were geocoded to residential regions and a presentation rate (PR) for each region was calculated using the number of presenting patients per at-risk female population. The main travel route from each region's referral hospital to BMC was determined using Google maps. We used descriptive statistics to depict geospatial, demographic, and clinical variables.
RESULTS
The catchment area included 10.5 million women from eight regions in the Lake Zone of Tanzania. We studied 547 patients aged 18-87 (mean: 44.3), 35% (n = 196) had health insurance, and mean PR was 5.26 per 100,000 women (range: 2.01-13.86). Median distance to BMC was 121 km (IQR: 3-247) and 18% of patients likely required a ferry. As distance increased, PR tended to decrease. PRs were lower for three regions where a ferry was indicated for travel (2.01, 2.32 and 3.06). There were 151 (28%) patients diagnosed with breast cancer, with a mean breast cancer PR of 1.45 per 100,000 women (range: 0.64-3.12). The proportion of breast cancers diagnosed increased with increasing travel distance. Additionally, 51 (26%) breast cancer patients were lost to follow up without any treatment.
CONCLUSION
BMC has a large geographic catchment area comprised of eight regions, all with low breast cancer PR. Our findings indicate that burdensome geographic access to cancer care, lack of health insurance, and lost to follow-up, are likely contributing to the high breast cancer mortality in Tanzania.
AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated unless otherwise noted. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/go/authors/author-center.
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No potential conflicts of interest were reported.