Table 2.
Sex-specific differences and trends of participants by TyG index tertile.
| A The Lowest |
B The Middle |
C The Highest |
Post-Hoc | SS | P forTrend ‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | ||||||
| n | 542 | 551 | 543 | |||
| TyG index † | 8.12 ± 0.23 (8.10, 8.14) |
8.69 ± 0.14 (8.67, 8.70) |
9.31 ± 0.25 (9.29, 9.33) |
A < B < C | 42.89 | <0.001 |
| Sarcopenia index † | 28.86 ± 4.38 (28.49, 29.23) |
27.63 ± 4.44 (27.26, 28.01) |
27.15 ± 3.96 (26.82, 27.49) |
A > B, C | −6.30 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 † | 23.0 ± 3.3 (22.7, 23.3) |
23.9 ± 3.1 (23.6, 24.1) |
24.6 ± 2.9 (24.3, 24.8) |
A < B < C | 8.43 | <0.001 |
| Age, years | 68.9 ± 6.0 (68.4, 69.4) |
69.4 ± 5.9 (68.9, 69.9) |
68.9 ± 5.9 (68.4, 69.4) |
NS | 0.11 | 0.914 |
| Height, cm † | 158.9 ± 9.0 (158.1, 159.6) |
158.1 ± 8.3 (157.4, 158.8) |
158.1 ± 9.1 (157.3, 158.8) |
NS | −1.56 | 0.119 |
| Body mass, kg | 58.2 ± 10.1 (57.3, 59.0) |
59.8 ± 9.3 (59.0, 60.6) |
61.5 ± 9.4 (60.7, 62.3) |
A < B < C | 5.59 | <0.001 |
| ASM, kg | 16.78 ± 3.84 (16.46, 17.10) |
16.55 ± 3.87 (16.22, 16.87) |
16.77 ± 3.94 (16.44, 17.10) |
NS | −0.18 | 0.859 |
| FPG, mg/dL † | 94.4 ± 13.1 (93.3, 95.5) |
99.7 ± 16.8 (98.3, 101.1) |
112.5 ± 29.4 (110.0, 114.9) |
A < B < C | 14.33 | <0.001 |
| TG, mg/dL † | 74.0 ± 17.4 (72.5, 75.4) |
122.3 ± 23.4 (120.4, 124.3 |
210.1 ± 63.0 (204.8, 215.4) |
A < B < C | 39.68 | <0.001 |
| Females | ||||||
| n | 727 | 726 | 732 | |||
| TyG index † | 8.12 ± 0.24 (8.11, 8.14) |
8.69 ± 0.13 (8.68, 8.70) |
9.29 ± 0.26 (9.27, 9.31) |
A < B < C | 49.57 | <0.001 |
| Sarcopenia index † | 28.70 ± 4.47 (28.37, 29.03) |
27.51 ± 4.17 (27.21, 27.82) |
27.16 ± 3.94 (26.87, 27.45) |
A > B, C | −6.46 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.7 ± 3.2 (22.5, 23.0) |
24.0 ± 3.1 (23.7, 24.2) |
24.8 ± 3.0 (24.6, 25.1) |
A < B < C | 12.73 | <0.001 |
| Age, years | 69.6 ± 6.0 (69.2, 70.0) |
69.1 ± 6.0 (68.6, 69.5) |
69.4 ± 6.2 (68.9, 69.8) |
NS | −0.77 | 0.441 |
| Height, cm | 157.6 ± 9.1 (157.0, 158.3) |
157.4 ± 8.9 (156.7, 158.0) |
158.2 ± 8.8 (157.5, 158.8) |
NS | 0.92 | 0.356 |
| Body mass, kg | 56.6 ± 10.2 (55.9, 57.4) |
59.5 ± 10.0 (58.8, 60.3) |
62.3 ± 10.0 (61.6, 63.0) |
A < B < C | 10.99 | <0.001 |
| ASM, kg † | 16.23 ± 3.82 (15.95, 16.51) |
16.41 ± 3.92 (16.12, 16.70) |
17.00 ± 4.08 (16.71, 17.30) |
A, B < C | 3.56 | <0.001 |
| FPG, mg/dL † | 94.6 ± 12.3 (93.7, 95.5) |
99.5 ± 16.2 (98.4, 100.7) |
110.4 ± 27.8 (108.4, 112.4) |
A < B < C | 15.74 | <0.001 |
| TG, mg/dL † | 73.9 ± 16.8 (72.7, 75.1) |
122.1 ± 21.0 (120.5, 123.6) |
209.8 ± 63.0 (205.2, 214.3) |
A < B < C | 46.55 | <0.001 |
Values are the mean ± SD (95% CI). † The Mann–Whitney U test was used to identify differences between groups. ‡ The Jonckheere–Terpstra test was used to identify trends across the three groups. Sarcopenia index = (ASM/body mass) × 100. Abbreviations: SS = standardized statistic; TyG index = triglyceride–glucose index; BMI = body mass index; NS = not significant; ASM = appendicular skeletal muscle mass; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; TG = triglycerides; CI = confidence interval.