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. 2022 Sep 6;46(1):270–284. doi: 10.1007/s10753-022-01732-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Exogenous supplementation of HIF-1α exhibited a protective effect on the regeneration of NP tissue in vivo. a X-ray and b, c MRI to assess the degree of IVDD in rabbits from the sham group, PBS group, HIF-1α group and Oltipraz group. d–g HE, Safranin O and Masson staining indicated morphological degeneration score such as the height of IVD in this IVDD model was alleviated by supplementation of HIF-1α in comparison with the PBS group and Oltipraz group. Safranin O and Masson staining showed that HIF-1α reduced proteoglycan and collagen loss during the process of IVDD, but suppression of HIF-1α expression aggravated that. The histological scores of each indicated group were calculated according to the grading scale previously published. h Photos of the surgical procedure in vivo. The scale bar is 500 or 100 μm. The values are the mean of at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001.