Table 1.
Patient characteristics of the study population with and without diabetes mellitus
| No diabetes | Diabetes | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 2143 | n = 1277 | ||
| Characteristics | |||
| Sex | 0.12 | ||
| Male, % (n) | 70% (1505) | 68% (864) | |
| Female, % (n) | 30% (638) | 32% (413) | |
| Age at admission | 76 (5) | 76 (5) | 0.91 |
| Age at admission | 0.70 | ||
| Age < 80 years, % (n) | 78% (1662) | 78% (998) | |
| Age > 79 years, % (n) | 22% (480) | 22% (279) | |
| BMI | 28 (5) | 30 (6) | < 0.001 |
| SOFA score on admission | 5 (3) | 6 (3) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Ischemic heart disease, % (n) | 19% (405) | 31% (393) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease, % (n) | 11% (238) | 25% (319) | < 0.001 |
| Arterial hypertension, % (n) | 59% (1263) | 79% (1005) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary comorbidity, % (n) | 22% (459) | 22% (274) | 0.92 |
| Chronic heart failure, % (n) | 11% (241) | 20% (249) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical Frailty Scale Score | 3 (2) | 4 (2) | < 0.001 |
| Presence of Frailty (CFS > 4) | < 0.001 | ||
| No frailty, % (n) | 82% (1604) | 68% (767) | |
| Frailty, % (n) | 18% (345) | 32% (363) | |
| Therapeutic measures | |||
| Intubation and mechanical ventilation, % (n) | 71% (1512) | 67% (854) | 0.024 |
| Non-invasive ventilation, % (n) | 25% (535) | 30% (375) | 0.003 |
| Tracheostomy, % (n) | 19% (399) | 15% (185) | 0.002 |
| Vasoactive drugs, % (n) | 67% (1431) | 63% (789) | 0.004 |
| Corticosteroids, % (n) | 68% (1460) | 74% (944) | 0.003 |
| Renal Replacement Therapy, % (n) | 13% (286) | 18% (224) | < 0.001 |
| Treatment limitations | |||
| Any treatment limitation, % (n) | 36% (772) | 32% (398) | 0.006 |
| Life sustaining care withheld, % (n) | 29% (625) | 28% (347) | 0.25 |
| Life sustaining care withdrawn, % (n) | 20% (426) | 17% (210) | 0.015 |
CFS clinical frailty scale