Table 1a:
Characteristics of Participants by Frequency of Artificially Sweetened Beverage Consumption- Demographics
| Frequency of Artificially Sweetened Beverage Consumption | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Overall | Never or <1 serving /week | 1–6 serving/week | ≥1 serving/day | ||
|
| |||||
| 80,388 | 51,480 | 18,414 | 10,494 | ||
|
| |||||
| Mean (SD) or N (%) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | P-value | |
|
| |||||
| Age (Mean (SD)) | 66.6 (7.3) | 67.3 (7.3) | 66.0 (7.1) | 64.4 (7.0) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| nSES (Mean (SD)) | 76.3 (8.3) | 76.4 (8.2) | 76.2 (8.3) | 76.0 (8.2) | <.001 |
| Missing | 8,345 | 5,298 | 1,927 | 1,120 | |
|
| |||||
| Race/Ethnicitya | |||||
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 314 (0.4) | 195 (0.4) | 63 (0.3) | 56 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 2,293 (2.9) | 1,727 (3.4) | 387 (2.1) | 179 (1.7) | |
| Black or African American | 5,552 (6.9) | 3,610 (7.0) | 1,267 (6.9) | 675 (6.4) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 2,557 (3.2) | 1,661 (3.2) | 572 (3.1) | 324 (3.1) | |
| White (not of Hispanic origin) | 68,590 (85.3) | 43,542 (84.6) | 15,908 (86.4) | 9,140 (87.1) | |
| Unknown or not listed above | 1,082 (1.3) | 745 (1.4) | 217 (1.2) | 120 (1.1) | |
|
| |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| <25 | 29,425 (39.7) | 21,636 (45.4) | 5,353 (31.6) | 2,436 (25.5) | <.001 |
| 25–<30 | 25,747 (34.7) | 16,041 (33.6) | 6,313 (37.3) | 3,393 (35.5) | |
| ≥30 | 18,984 (25.6) | 9,996 (21.0) | 5,271 (31.1) | 3,717 (38.9) | |
| Missing | 6,232 | 3,807 | 1,477 | 948 | |
|
| |||||
| Number of Live Births | |||||
| Never pregnant | 8,116 (10.2) | 5,342 (10.4) | 1,721 (9.4) | 1,053 (10.1) | <.001 |
| None | 2,307 (2.9) | 1,507 (2.9) | 488 (2.7) | 312 (3.0) | |
| 1 | 7,374 (9.2) | 4,755 (9.3) | 1,647 (9.0) | 972 (9.3) | |
| 2–4 | 52,485 (65.7) | 33,338 (65.2) | 12,230 (66.8) | 6,917 (66.3) | |
| 5+ | 9,590 (12.0) | 6,195 (12.1) | 2,214 (12.1) | 1,181 (11.3) | |
| Missing | 516 | 343 | 114 | 59 | |
Data expressed as N (%) unless otherwise indicated. P-value is chi-square for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Measures were collected or updated to year 3 except race/ethnicity.
WHI Race and Ethnicity Variables for this analysis were defined and collected at baseline enrollment (1993–1998) on Form 2, Question #15, which asked participants to “describe your race or ethnic group.” 6 categories were options: (1) American Indian or Alaska Native; (2) Asian or Pacific Islander (ancestry is Chinese, Indo- Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Pacific Islander, Vietnamese); (3) Black or African-American (not of Hispanic origin); (4) Hispanic/Latino (ancestry is Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Central American, or South American); (5) White (not of Hispanic origin); and, (“6”) Other (Specify). [Notes: “Other” was checked by 1849 participants; 413 participants left the question blank; therefore, the data are “missing”.] For this analysis, the group that selected “other” is listed as “unknown or not listed above.”
BMI: body mass index
Kg: kilograms
M2: meters squared
nSES: neighborhood socioeconomic status
SD: standard deviation