Table 2.

Baseline diagnostics of suspected BP in pediatric patients.

Test at diagnosis of BP
Physical examination	In particular spleen and liver size [cm below the costal margin], extramedullary manifestation of disease
Complete Blood Count	Full white blood cell (WBC) count Hemoglobin (Hb) and platelet count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, Basophils %, Eosinophils %, Blasts %, Sum of Blasts % + Promyelocytes %
Bone Marrow	Morphology Blast % and Promyelocytes % Cytogenetics (for Ph-positive and/or additional chromosomal aberrations) with a minimum of 15 metaphases analyzed Fluorescent-in-situ-hybridization (FISH) if marrow cytogenetics fails Trephine biopsy (assessment of focal “nests of blasts” and fibrosis
Flow cytometry and/or cytochemistry	Definition of phenotype by expression of cell-surface and cytoplasmic markers (myeloid vs. lymphoid)
Molecular genetics	BCR::ABL1 fusion transcript (e13a2, e14a2, e1a2 or any rare type) BCR::ABL1 transcript level quantitative analysis (on the IS scale) Tyrosine kinase domain mutation analysis NGS myeloid or lymphoid panel
Cerebrospinal Fluid	Cytology Intrathecal injection for CNS prophylaxis (for details see text)
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-typing	Donor search for allogeneic stem cell transplantation