Dougherty et al. 10.1073/pnas.0504099102. |
Supporting Text
Supporting Table 1
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Supporting Figure 4
Fig. 4. Model predictions corresponding to the single-pulse experiment in figure 2A of ref. 1, where IX inhibits G-protein deactivation rate rG. (A) Simulated currents: CNG (cyan), Cl(Ca) (magenta) and total receptor current (red), compared with current traces obtained from the experimental data of Reisert and Matthews (1) (black curves). [Black current traces in the image are reprinted with permission from ref. 1 (Copyright 1999, Blackwell Publishing).] (B) Time courses for the variables in the model. The variables represent proportions or concentrations of bLR: bound receptors; aG: active G-protein; cAMP: cyclic AMP; Ca: intracellular free calcium; CaCaM: Ca2+-calmodulin; aCaMK: active Ca2+/CaM-kinase II; IX: intermediate calcium-stimulated substance; and V: membrane potential.
1. Reisert, J. & Matthews, H. R. (1999) J. Physiol. (London) 519, 801–813.
Fig. 5.
Model predictions corresponding to the single-pulse experiment in figure 2A of ref. 1, where IX inhibits cAMP degradation rate degrad. (A) Simulated currents. (B) Time courses for the variables in the model. Colors and symbols have the same meaning as in Fig. 4. Reference is as in Fig. 4.Fig. 6.
Model predictions for the single-pulse experiment in figure 2A of ref. 1, where JNCX is nonlinearly dependent on calcium and membrane potential. (A) Simulated currents. (B) Time courses for the variables in the model. Colors and symbols have the same meaning as in Fig. 4. Reference is as in Fig. 4.Fig. 7.
Model predictions for the step-pulse adaptation experiment in figure 5A–D of ref. 1, where JNCX is nonlinearly dependent on calcium and membrane potential. (A) Simulated currents: CNG (cyan), Ca2+-activated Cl– (magenta), and total receptor current (red), normalized to the peak amplitude evoked by a 300 µM stimulus; black curves are obtained from the experimental data of Reisert and Matthews (1). [Black current traces in the image are reprinted with permission from ref. 1 (Copyright 1999, Blackwell Publishing).] (B) Time courses for the variables in the model; different-colored traces correspond to 0 (blue), 2 (green), 5 (red), or 10 µM (cyan) concentrations of conditioning stimulus. Reference is as in Fig. 4.Fig. 8.
Model predictions for the exposure of a frog ORN to 100 µM cineole for 60 s as in figure 7A of ref. 2, where JNCX is nonlinearly dependent on calcium and membrane potential. (A) Simulated currents: CNG (cyan), Ca2+-activated Cl– (magenta), and total receptor current (red), compared with filtered data from the experiments of Reisert and Matthews (2) (black trace). [Black curve in the image is reprinted with permission from ref. 2 (Copyright 2001, Blackwell Publishing).] The amplitude of oscillatory peaks in the model output was 12.41 ± 0.48 pA (upon ignoring the initial peak, which is considerably larger than subsequent ones), while the oscillation period was 6.72 ± 0.17 s. For the experimental data, the oscillations had a peak amplitude of 12.41 ± 3.12 pA, and period 6.57 ± 0.45 s. (B) Time courses for the variables in the model.2. Reisert, J. & Matthews, H. R. (2001) J. Physiol. (London) 534, 179–191.
Fig. 9.
(A) Specific NCX calcium efflux rate for the model with JNCX = ef · Ca/{1 + (IX/kI)nI}. (B) Specific NCX calcium efflux rate for the model with JNCX = ef · fallosteric(Ca) · felectrochemical(Ca, V). Odorant concentrations used were 5 (yellow), 10 (purple), 20 (cyan), 50 (red), 100 (green), and 300 (blue) µM.Fig. 10.
Simulation of the dual-pulse experiment in figure 4c of ref. 3 using the basic version of our model (where rG, degrad, JNCX are all linear) with voltage held constant. A conditioning odorant pulse of fixed concentration was applied for three different durations: 150 ms (green trace), 300 ms (red trace), and 600 ms (blue trace). Shown in corresponding colors are the responses to a test pulse of the same concentration and 300 ms duration applied at four different times after the conditioning pulse. The longer the duration of the first pulse (i.e., the higher the conditioning dose), the smaller the amplitude of the current elicited by the test pulse, and the longer it takes to recover from this response attenuation. The model output shows good qualitative agreement with the experimental results.3. Kurahashi, T. & Menini, A. (1997) Nature 385, 725–729.