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Movie 1. Animation showing the geographic pattern of oyster landings (Crassostrea virginica, gmelin) between Maine (ME) and Texas (TX) through time. Each frame represents a single year between 1880 and 2000. Landings from Chesapeake Bay (MD and VA) are an order of magnitude greater than any other estuary in 1880, which confirms the vastness of the oyster population inhabiting reefs in this estuary. Landings are left-skewed north of Chesapeake in 1880, which is consistent with the known history of importation of "seed" oysters from Chesapeake Bay to restock northern estuaries (1-4). Landings south of Chesapeake Bay are flat until after 1889, indicating little exploitation from northern urban centers before this time. After 1889, landings began to increase successively in each state to the south. This moving wave of exploitation traveled along the coastline from Maryland to Texas between 1889 and 1918. By 2000, the largest landings were in the Gulf of Mexico. Data are from Lyles (5) and the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.

Movie 2. Animation showing the geographic pattern of normalized oyster landings (Crassostrea virginica, Gmelin) between Maryland (MD) and Texas (TX) through time. Oyster landings have been normalized to 1 (which represents the year with the highest oyster landings for the state) to resolve the moving wave of exploitation and to show when in time each state had its maximum landings. Each frame represents a single year between 1880 and 2000. Data are from Lyles (5) and the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.

1. Ingersoll, E. (1881) in The History and Present Condition of the Fishery Industries, ed. Goode, G. B. (U.S. Dept. Interior, 10th Census of the United States, Washington, DC), pp. 1–252.

2. Stevenson, C. H. (1894) Bull. U.S. Fish Commission 1892 12, 203-297.

3. Churchill, E. P. (1920) The Oyster and the Oyster Industry of the Atlantic and Gulf Coast (Report of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, Washington, DC).

4. Collins, J. W. (1891) Bull. U.S. Fish Commission 9, 461–497.

5. Lyles, C. H. (1969) U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Bur. Com. Fish. Curr. Fish. Stat. 5007, 1–116.