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Fig. 8. Amino acid sequence of TAT-ATF. TAT-CPP, nuclear localization signal (NLS), six fingers, VP16 transactivation domain, and a FLAG-tag in the TAT-ATF are underlined. Amino acid residues with positions -1, 2, 3, and 6 in the recognition helix are shown in bold.

Fig. 9. Dose-dependent activation of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) production by PTD4- and R9-ATF. HEK293 cells (2 × 10⁴) were transduced with a given concentration of R9-ATF (filled triangle) or PTD4-ATF (filled square). The control cells treated with R9-ATFDAla (open triangle) or PTD4-ATFDAla (open square) are also shown. After incubation for 18 h, VEGF protein concentrations in the culture medium were measured as described in Materials and Methods. Fold increase relative to the control was calculated as described in Fig. 4. The data represent the average and SD of three independent experiments.

Fig. 10. Effects of PTD4-NLS-AZP-KRAB on endogenous VEGF-A protein production. HEK293 cells (1 × 10⁵) were treated with or without 500 nM protein and then incubated for 24 h. Quantification of the VEGF-A protein in the culture medium was measured as described in Materials and Methods. Each point represents the mean ± SD obtained from three independent experiments.