Table 2.

Association between H1N1 vaccination and type 1 diabetes outcomes before age 10 years adjusting for sex, family history of type 1 diabetes, probiotics before 90 days, maternal education, maternal age, HLA-DR-DQ high-risk genotypes, INS-23Hph1 (rs689), PTPN22 R620W (rs2476601), CTLA4 T17A(rs231775), SNPs rs2292239 in ERBB3, rs3184504 in SH2B3, rs10517086 and rs12708716 in CLEC16A, and rs4948088 in COBL

Variable	Multiple proportional hazard model of H1N1 on type 1 diabetes outcomes
	First appearing islet autoantibodies						Multiple islet autoantibodies		Type 1 diabetes
	IAA		GADA		Any
	HR	p value	HR	p value	HR	p value	HR	p value	HR	p value
Adjusteda	0.64	0.10	0.78	0.29	0.75	0.07	0.85	0.41	0.67	0.09
Finland
Adjusteda	0.38	0.01	0.55	0.12	0.47	0.002	0.50	0.02	0.38	0.003
< 2 yearsb	0.30	0.009	1.18	0.79	0.51	0.03	0.45	0.04	0.25	0.002
≥ 2 yearsb	0.52	0.35	0.51	0.14	0.51	0.06	0.58	0.21	0.62	0.34
Sweden
Adjusteda	0.88	0.70	0.98	0.96	1.03	0.89	1.33	0.34	1.19	0.67
< 2 yearsb	0.79	0.57	1.08	0.87	0.96	0.88	1.31	0.46	1.81	0.33
≥ 2 yearsb	0.32	0.15	1.12	0.81	0.97	0.94	1.33	0.57	0.82	0.70

^aVariable included in multivariate proportional hazards model; all variables available on 2966 children at risk of islet autoantibodies, of which 214 developed islet autoantibodies; 3037 observed at risk for multiple islet autoantibodies, of which 140 developed multiple islet autoantibodies; and 3103 observed at risk for type 1 diabetes, of which 91 developed type 1 diabetes

^bAge of child on 1 March 2010