Abstract
Objetivo
Evaluar el impacto de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) de los pacientes y analizar la influencia de las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de uso de recursos.
Diseño
Estudio transversal con recogida de información retrospectiva y prospectiva (cuestionario de CVRS).
Emplazamiento
Un total de 29 centros de atención primaria de todo el territorio español.
Participantes
Participaron en el estudio 1.041 pacientes diagnosticados de DM2 después de los 30 años de edad, seleccionados aleatoriamente de los registros de pacientes de los centros participantes.
Mediciones principales
CVRS valorada mediante el cuestionario genérico EQ-5D, lo que permitió comparar la CVRS de los pacientes con la de la población general española, obtenida de una muestra de 8.963 sujetos.
Resultados
Los pacientes con DM2 presentaron peor CVRS (media índice EVA de 0,71) que los sujetos de la población general de la misma edad y género (media índice EVA de 0,81). Los pacientes de género femenino, de mayor edad y obesos presentaron peor CVRS. En términos clínicos, los pacientes que presentaban alguna complicación relacionada con la DM2, un deficiente control glucémico y que recibían tratamiento con insulina presentaban peor CVRS que los pacientes sin complicaciones, aceptablemente controlados o que recibían tratamiento no farmacológico o antidiabéticos orales.
Conclusiones
La DM2 se asocia con una peor CVRS de los pacientes, y de forma más importante en los pacientes con complicaciones, con bajo control glucémico y tratados con insulina.
Palabras clave: Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, Atención primaria
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the impact of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients and to analyse the impact of social-demographic and clinical variables and of resource use.
Design
Cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective information gathering (HRQL questionnaire).
Setting
29 primary care centres from the whole of Spain.
Participants
1041 patients diagnosed with DM2 after the age of 30, chosen at random from patients´ records at participating centres.
Main measurements
HRQL evaluated through the general questionnaire EQ-5D, which enabled HRQL of patients to be compared with that of the general Spanish population, obtained from a sample of 8963 people.
Results
Patients with DM2 had worse HRQL (mean EVA index of 0.71) than people in the general population of the same age and gender (mean EVA index of 0.81). Women, older patients and obese patients had worse HRQL. In clinical terms, patients with some DM2-related complication, deficient glycaemic control and in receipt of insulin treatment had worse HRQL than patients without complications, acceptably controlled patients or those receiving nonpharmacological or oral anti-diabetes treatment.
Conclusions
DM2 is associated with worse HRQL for patients, and more so for patients with complications, poor control of glucaemia or under insulin treatment.
Key words: Type-2 diabetes mellitus, Healthrelated quality of life, Primary care
Footnotes
Estudio financiado por GlaxoSmithKline, S.A.
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