Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Bulletin of the World Health Organization logoLink to Bulletin of the World Health Organization
. 1966;35(Suppl):86–90.

Survival of T. pallidum outside the body

II. Factors favouring survival

PMCID: PMC2476065  PMID: 20604313

Full text

PDF
86

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AJELLO G., PORTNOY J., LOGAN L., OLANSKY S. Studies of the Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) test. IV. A simplified method of preparing the modified basal medium. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1954 Jul;38(4):288–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BERLINGHOFF W. Uber ein neues Uberlebensmedium für die Treponemen beim Treponema-pallidum-Immobilisations-Test (Nelson-Test). Dermatol Wochenschr. 1956;133(13):318–321. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BOAK R. A., FAWCETT M. L., CARPENTER C. M. Studies on the cultivation of Treponema pallidum. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1949 Sep;33(5):409–415. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BOAK R. A., MILLER J. N. A simple medium for maintaining the viability of Treponema pallidum in the Treponema pallidum immobilization test. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1954 Sep;38(5):429–433. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. BOREL L. J., BENTEJAC R., DUREL P. Lyophilized survival medium for the T. pallidum immobilization test. Br J Vener Dis. 1958 Dec;34(4):241–245. doi: 10.1136/sti.34.4.241. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Boak R. A., Carpenter C. M., Warren S. L. STUDIES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FEVER TEMPERATURES : III. THE THERMAL DEATH TIME OF TREPONEMA PALLIDUM IN VITRO WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FEVER TEMPERATURES. J Exp Med. 1932 Oct 31;56(5):741–750. doi: 10.1084/jem.56.5.741. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CHORPENNING F. W., SANDERS R. W., KENT J. F. Treponemal immobilization test using organisms from frozen testis. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1952 Sep;36(5):401–406. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. DUREL P., BOREL L. J., SAUSSE A. Technical contributions to the treponemal immobilization test. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1953 Mar;37(2):128–133. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dubos R. J., Fenner F. PRODUCTION OF BCG VACCINE IN A LIQUID MEDIUM CONTAINING TWEEN 80 AND A SOLUBLE FRACTION OF HEATED HUMAN SERUM : I. PRODUCTION AND VIABILITY OF THE CULTURE. J Exp Med. 1950 Feb 28;91(3):261–268. doi: 10.1084/jem.91.3.261. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Eagle H., Steinman H. G. The Nutritional Requirements of Treponemata: I. Arginine, Acetic Acid, Sulfur-containing Compounds, and Serum Albumin as Essential Growth-promoting Factors for the Reiter Treponeme. J Bacteriol. 1948 Aug;56(2):163–176. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. GASTINEL P., HAMELIN A., VAISMAN A., DUNOYER F. Recherches sur la lyophilisation et la conservation par le froid de quelques spirochètes. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1958 Mar;94(3):249–255. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. HAMPP E. G. Preservation of viability and pathogenicity of the Nichols' rabbit strain of Treponema pallidum by freeze drying. Public Health Rep. 1951 Apr 20;66(16):501–506. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. HOLLANDER D. H., NELL E. E. Improved preservation of Treponema pallidum and other bacteria by freezing with glycerol. Appl Microbiol. 1954 May;2(3):164–170. doi: 10.1128/am.2.3.164-170.1954. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. KIMM G. E., ALLEN R. H., MORTON H. J., MORGAN J. F. Studies on the in vitro survival of virulent Treponema pallidum. I. Methodology and basal synthetic medium. Am J Hyg. 1962 May;75:339–346. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. NELSON R. A., Jr, DIESENDRUCK J. A., ZHEUTLIN H. E. C., STACK P. S., BARNETT M. Studies on treponemal immobilizing antibodies in syphilis. I. Techniques of measurement and factors influencing immobilization. J Immunol. 1951 Jun;66(6):667–685. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. NELSON R. A., Jr, MAYER M. M. Immobilization of Treponema pallidum in vitro by antibody produced in syphilitic infection. J Exp Med. 1949 Apr 1;89(4):369–393. doi: 10.1084/jem.89.4.369. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. PORTNOY J., HARRIS A., OLANSKY S. Studies of the Treponema pallidum immobilization test. I. The effect of increased sodium thioglycollate and complement. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1953 Mar;37(2):101–105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. PORTNOY J., OLANSKY S., EDMUNDSON W. F. Studies of the Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) test. III. Studies on reproducibility, effect of treponemal concentration, and failure to demonstrate sensitization in vivo. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1953 Sep;37(5):413–423. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. RANQUE J., MOIGNOUX J. B., DEPIEDS R. Etude comparée des survies de Treponema pallidum; souche Nichols en divers milieux sériques. C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1952 Aug;146(15-16):1224–1226. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. RANQUE J., SENEZ J. C., DEPIEDS R. Essais sur la survie de Treponema pallidum (souche Nichols). C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1957;151(7):1407–1409. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. RICE F. A. H., NELSON R. A., Jr The isolation from beef serum of a survival factor for Treponema pallidum. J Biol Chem. 1951 Jul;191(1):35–41. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. ROSE N. R., MORTON H. E. The cultivation of treponemes with the preservation of characteristic morphology. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1952 Jan;36(1):1–16. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. SAURINO V. R. A modification of the Nelson treponemal sustaining medium for use in the Treponema pallidum immobilization test. Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis. 1953 Mar;37(2):112–127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Stavitsky A. B. Preservation of Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae in Vitro. J Bacteriol. 1945 Jul;50(1):118–119. doi: 10.1128/jb.50.1.118-119.1945. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. THIVOLET J., ROLLAND M. Sur la substitution de l'albumine humaine a l'albumine bovine dans le milieu de survie de Nelson pour Treponema pallidum. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1952 Sep;83(3):415–417. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Turner T. B., Brayton N. L. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SURVIVAL OF SPIROCHETES IN THE FROZEN STATE. J Exp Med. 1939 Nov 30;70(6):639–650. doi: 10.1084/jem.70.6.639. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Turner T. B. THE PRESERVATION OF VIRULENT TREPONEMA PALLIDUM AND TREPONEMA PERTENUE IN THE FROZEN STATE; WITH A NOTE ON THE PRESERVATION OF FILTRABLE VIRUSES. J Exp Med. 1938 Jan 1;67(1):61–78. doi: 10.1084/jem.67.1.61. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. VINCENT P. Un milieu de survie pour les Tréponèmes pales utilisable pour le test de Nelson. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1957 Oct;93(4):539–542. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. VOLOSCEANU D. I., SIRBU E. CONTRIBUTION 'A L''ETUDE DES M'ETHODES DE CONSERVATION DE LA VIABILIT'E ET PATHOG'ENIT'E DES SOUCHES DE TREPONEMA PALLIDUM PATHOG'ENE 'A TEMP'ERATURES BASSES. Arch Roum Pathol Exp Microbiol. 1963 Sep-Dec;22:943–950. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. WEBER M. M. Factors influencing the in vitro survival of Treponema pallidum. Am J Hyg. 1960 May;71:401–417. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120123. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Bulletin of the World Health Organization are provided here courtesy of World Health Organization

RESOURCES