Magda Bosch de Basea
Magda Bosch de Basea
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
1,2,3,
Isabelle Thierry-Chef
Isabelle Thierry-Chef
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
1,2,3,4,
Richard Harbron
Richard Harbron
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
5Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
1,2,3,5,
Michael Hauptmann
Michael Hauptmann
6Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
6,
Graham Byrnes
Graham Byrnes
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
4,
Maria-Odile Bernier
Maria-Odile Bernier
7Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
7,
Lucian Le Cornet
Lucian Le Cornet
8Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
9German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
8,9,
Jérémie Dabin
Jérémie Dabin
10Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
10,
Gilles Ferro
Gilles Ferro
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
4,
Tore S Istad
Tore S Istad
11Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Oslo, Norway
11,
Andreas Jahnen
Andreas Jahnen
12Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
12,
Choonsik Lee
Choonsik Lee
13Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
13,
Carlo Maccia
Carlo Maccia
14Centre d’Assurance de qualité des Applications Technologiques dans le domaine de la Santé (CAATS), Sèvres, France
14,
Françoise Malchair
Françoise Malchair
14Centre d’Assurance de qualité des Applications Technologiques dans le domaine de la Santé (CAATS), Sèvres, France
14,
Hilde Olerud
Hilde Olerud
11Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Oslo, Norway
15Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway
16University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
11,15,16,
Steven L Simon
Steven L Simon
13Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
13,
Jordi Figuerola
Jordi Figuerola
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
1,2,3,
Anna Peiro
Anna Peiro
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
1,2,3,
Hilde Engels
Hilde Engels
10Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
10,
Christoffer Johansen
Christoffer Johansen
17Cancer Late Effect Research Oncology Clinic (CASTLE), Center for Surgery and Cancer, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
17,
Maria Blettner
Maria Blettner
8Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
8,
Magnus Kaijser
Magnus Kaijser
18Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
18,
Kristina Kjaerheim
Kristina Kjaerheim
19Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
19,
Amy Berrington de Gonzalez
Amy Berrington de Gonzalez
13Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
20Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
13,20,
Neige Journy
Neige Journy
7Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
21French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) Unit 1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Paris Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
7,21,
Johanna M Meulepas
Johanna M Meulepas
22Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
22,
Monika Moissonnier
Monika Moissonnier
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
4,
Arvid Nordenskjold
Arvid Nordenskjold
18Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
18,
Roman Pokora
Roman Pokora
8Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
8,
Cecile Ronckers
Cecile Ronckers
6Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
8Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
6,8,
Joachim Schüz
Joachim Schüz
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
4,
Ausrele Kesminiene
Ausrele Kesminiene
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
4,
Elisabeth Cardis
Elisabeth Cardis
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
1,2,3,✉
1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
2Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
3Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
4International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
5Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
6Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
7Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay aux Roses, France
8Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
9German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
10Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
11Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Oslo, Norway
12Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
13Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
14Centre d’Assurance de qualité des Applications Technologiques dans le domaine de la Santé (CAATS), Sèvres, France
15Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway
16University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
17Cancer Late Effect Research Oncology Clinic (CASTLE), Center for Surgery and Cancer, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
18Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
19Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
20Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
21French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) Unit 1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Paris Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
22Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Subject terms: Risk factors, Epidemiology
© The Author(s) 2025
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
