Skip to main content
NCBI home page
PhytoKeys logoLink to PhytoKeys
. 2025 Aug 7;261:77–86. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.261.156555

A new species of Ceratostema (Ericaceae) with nearly tubular leaves from the Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador

Marco M Jiménez 1,✉, Henry X Garzón-Suárez 2,3,4, Gabriel A Iturralde 1
PMCID: PMC12355187  PMID: 40822046

Abstract

A new species of Ceratostema from the Cordillera del Cóndor in Ecuador is described and illustrated. Ceratostemarevoluta is distinguished by its nearly tubular leaves with revolute margins, pulvinate petioles, reddish flowers with white base and brownish to black lobes, short, complanate pedicel with carinate bracteoles appressed to the base and calyx lobes appressed to the corolla and overlapping each other below the middle. The taxonomic similarities of the new species are discussed and information about its distribution, habitat and conservation is provided.

Key words: Northern Andes, Morona Santiago, south-eastern Ecuador, taxonomy

Introduction

Ericaceae are a large and diverse family of flowering plants comprising ca. 125 genera and over 4,250 species, distributed predominantly in temperate and montane tropical regions (Luteyn 2002; Christenhusz and Byng 2016). About 800 species are present in the Neotropics, most of which belong to tribe Vaccinieae, comprising 30 genera (Luteyn 2002). In Ecuador, 17 of these genera are present, including the Andean genus Ceratostema Juss. (Luteyn 2021). Ceratostema includes 40 species with 36 accepted species in Ecuador (Jiménez et al. 2024d; POWO 2025). Nine new species have been recently described (Cornejo and Luteyn 2024; Doucette et al. 2024, 2025a, b, c, d); with these new additions, the number of species of the genus currently increases to 45 in this country.

Members of Ceratostema are distinguished from the other genera of Vaccinieae by the presence of an articulation between the pedicel and hypanthium, flowers with large corollas and relatively elongate lobes. Other additional distinguishing characters present in Ceratostema are the stamens equal in length to the corolla, with coarsely papillate thecae and the anther tubules about half the diameter of the thecae (Luteyn 2005). The species of this genus are epiphytic or terrestrial shrubs distributed in Ecuador from 450 to 3950 m in elevation, inhabiting lowland and montane forests, inter-Andean valleys up to paramo areas (Luteyn 1996).

The Cordillera del Cóndor is a mountain range located on the border between Ecuador and Peru, extending 150 km from north to south and reaching the highest elevation at ca. 2900 m (Neill 2005). From exploration and taxonomic work, new taxa have been described in recent years (Clark and Neill 2023; Jaramillo 2023; Jiménez et al. 2024b, c; Molino et al. 2025). The latest explorations in the region have led to the discovery of new species of Ericaceae, such as Ceratostemaingridportillae A. Doucette, H. Medina & J. Portilla, Disterigmachriscanadayi Cornejo & Luteyn and Sphyrospermumgrandiflorum Cornejo & Pedraza (Cornejo and Pedraza 2019; Cornejo et al. 2024; Doucette et al. 2025b). During fieldwork conducted since 2022, MJ and HG found an additional species of Ceratostema southeast of Morona Santiago Province, which, after further investigation, was found to be new to science and is here illustrated and described.

Materials and methods

The original descriptions of similar species (Luteyn 1996; Doucette et al. 2024; Jiménez et al. 2024a) were reviewed and compared to the characters of the new species. The scanned image of the original material of Ceratostemabracteolatum Luteyn was obtained through the Bioweb database (https://bioweb.bio/portal/) stored at the Catholic University Herbarium (QCA).

Fresh flowers and leaves were preserved in 70% ethanol, 29% water and 1% glycerol. Measurements of the vegetative and floral parts were made from the living plants and preserved material. Digital images were taken with a Nikon D3100 camera with an AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED lens. The type and examined specimens of the new species were collected under permit No. MAATEDB I-CM-2022-0248, granted by the Ministerio del Ambiente y Transición Ecológica del Ecuador (MAATE). The geographic coordinates of the specimens were omitted for conservation purposes; detailed data can be consulted in the herbarium voucher.

Taxonomic treatment

. Ceratostema revoluta

M.M.Jiménez, H.Garzón & Iturralde sp. nov.

92698485-F256-50E9-A897-66DFE6A0CA62

urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77366806-1

Figs 1 , 3

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Open in a new tab

Ceratostemarevoluta. A. Fertile branch, with petiole of leaf with axillary bud (B) and rachis bracts (C); D. Abaxial (left) and adaxial (right) views of leaves with transverse section of leaf (E) and expanded leaf showing venation under backlighting (F); G. Inflorescence; H. Bracts, abaxial (left) and adaxial (right) views; I. Bracteoles, adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) views; J. Flower; K. Hypanthium, calyx, pedicel and style, with longitudinal section of pedicel, hypanthium, nectariferous disc and ovary (L); M. Corolla; N. Mature fruits; O. Stamens, dorsal (P) and lateral (Q) views. Prepared by G.A. Iturralde and H.X. Garzón-Suárez from photographs of the holotype.

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Open in a new tab

Species of Ceratostema with similar flowers. A.Ceratostemarevoluta; B.C.agettiorum; C.C.bracteolatum; D.C.doucettei. A, B. Photographed by H.X. Garzón-Suárez; C. By G. Harling; D. By A. Ito.

Diagnosis.

Ceratostemarevoluta is distinguished from other members of the genus by its nearly tubular, linear-lanceolate leaves with revolute margins, pulvinate petioles, sessile inflorescences with reddish flowers with white base and brownish to black lobes, short complanate pedicels with basal carinate appressed bracteoles and appressed calyx lobes that overlap each other below the middle (Fig. 1).

Type.

Ecuador • Morona-Santiago: Cerca de San Juan Bosco, 1298 m elev., 8 Mar 2024, H. Garzón 265 (holotype: HUTPL!).

Description.

Erect, epiphytic shrubs; indumentum of subpersistent trichomes, arranged unevenly, white, eglandular, 0.3–0.9 mm long, sparse to dense on younger branches, petioles, leaf blades, inflorescences and flowers, excluding stamens and style; roots axonomorphous, with well-developed lignotubers, lignotubers subspherical to fusiform, 5.6–8.5 × 4.3–7.4 cm, 13.4–17.3 cm in diameter. Stems terete to subterete, slightly arching, up to 1 m long, glabrous, arising from the lignotuber; older stems dark brown, cracking longitudinally and exfoliating; younger branches pendent, slightly arcuate, pale green, terete, ca. 25.7 cm long, 2.8 mm wide, puberulous, becoming striate and dark brown when old or after exfoliation; axillary buds 2–3, emerging 1 mm below leaf node, foliar bracts pale pink, narrowly triangular, 0.9–1.2 × 0.7 mm, puberulous. Leaves spirally arranged, suberect to nearly horizontal; petioles pale pink, pulvinate, 2.1–3.0 × 1.3–1.7 mm, puberulous; blades dark green and somewhat lustrous adaxially, paler abaxially, linear-lanceolate, nearly tubular, 2.0–5.7 × 0.4 cm, thinly coriaceous, puberulent adaxially and tomentulose abaxially, glabrescent, mid-vein impressed adaxially, conspicuous and raised abaxially, venation obscure, 3-plinerved from near base and reticulate against a backlight, base cuneate, margins strongly revolute and longitudinally curled, apex acute. Inflorescence supraxillary, sessile, congested, 4–8 mm × 4.1–5.9 mm, 3–9-flowered; rachis obconic, rugose, covered by bracts, tomentose; bracts persistent, up to 10, dark brownish-red, paler towards base, ovate to transversely ovate, 3.0–14.2 × 3.6–9.5 mm, apex obtuse; bracts persistent, similar in colour and texture to bracts, ovate, 16.5–21.0 × 6.3–10.5 mm, acute to attenuate; pedicel dark red, complanate, 4.0–4.4 × 3.1–3.6 mm, tomentose; articulation present between pedicel and hypanthium; bracteoles persistent, 2, located near middle, oppositely arranged, dark brownish-red, long ovate-triangular, 15.2–17.6 × 3.9–4.3 mm, channelled abaxially, centrally carinate adaxially, margins long-ciliate, apex attenuate. Flowers pentamerous, pendulous; hypanthium green, except margins pale purple, reddish towards apex, obconic, obscurely pentagonal, 3.0–4.2 × 4.0–5.7 mm, tomentose; calyx erect, open, 12.7–21.5 × 4.0–7.0 mm, tomentose, hairs white, limb 0.4–1.3 × 4.0–5.7 mm; lobes 5, nearly reaching throat of corolla, overlapping in basal half, black, except reddish towards base, lanceolate, slightly convex, 12.3–20.2 × 4.0–5.4 mm, tomentose, base attenuate, margin long-ciliate, apex acuminate, sinuses acute. Corolla white-tomentose on apical half, whitish at base, reddish-brown in middle, tubular, except slightly dilated proximally and expanded distally, 4.0–5.1 cm long (including lobes), 4.5 mm in diameter at base and throat, thick-carnose, bistratose; lobes 5, spreading, black, narrowly linear-triangular, 15.9–22.5 × 2.3–2.8 mm, lustrous, tomentose externally, glabrous internally, channelled and subverrucose internally, slightly recurved to base, apex acute. Stamens 10, nearly equalling corolla, in two series somewhat unequal in length, 3.7–4.7 cm long; filaments connate, each separated by a longitudinal line dorsally, white,10.4–12.7 mm long, glabrous and lustrous on both sides; anthers 3.2–4.3 cm long, thecae conspicuously papillose, 6.6–7.7 mm long, prognathous with a basal appendage ca. 0.4 mm long; tubules distinct, but apparently connate in proximal 5/6, 2.5–3.2 cm long, glabrous, dehiscing by terminal pores, ca. 1.1 × 0.2 mm. Style exserted, longer than stamens, dark reddish-brown, 4.1–4.7 cm long, glabrous, base white; stigma truncate. Fruit a berry, purplish when ripe, globose, ca. 12.8 × 12.9 mm in diameter, pubescent, calyx lobes persistent.

Distribution and habitat.

Ceratostemarevoluta has been reported in the south-eastern Province of Morona Santiago (Fig. 2). The species is only known from the steep western foothills of the northern part of the Cordillera del Condor, where it was found in the region east of San Juan Bosco at elevations between 1300 and 1700 m.

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Open in a new tab

Geographic distribution of Ceratostemarevoluta. Prepared by H.X. Garzón-Suárez.

Etymology.

The new species is named by the strongly revolute margins of the leaves.

Taxonomic discussion.

Ceratostemarevoluta is similar to C.agettiorum M.M. Jiménez & H. Garzón, C.bracteolatum and C.doucettei H. Medina & J. Portilla in being variously covered with indumentum, the mostly sessile inflorescence, the conspicuous calyx lobes with acute sinuses, the darkly coloured corollas (Fig. 3) and the stamens with the filaments connate, but can be distinguished by various characters (Table 1). From this group, the new species is most similar to C.agettiorum in the conspicuous floral bracts covering the rachis of the inflorescence, the pentamerous flowers with the calyx erect, the acuminate calyx lobes and the nearly tubular corollas with the lobes black, straight half-spreading. The new species is distinguished from C.agettiorum by the erect stems (vs. pendent), the smaller, 2.0–5.7 × 0.4 cm, linear-lanceolate, nearly tubular leaf blades (vs. 7.1–15.3 × 4.0–8.4 cm, broadly ovate, flat), leaf blades cuneate at the base (vs. cordate) and acute at the apex (vs. attenuate), leaf blades obscurely 3-plinerved at the base (vs. strongly 7–11-plinerved), the sessile inflorescence with up to 9 flowers per raceme (vs. short-pedunculate, up to 15 flowers), the floral bracts 16.5–21.0 × 6.3–10.5 mm, ovate, acute, dark brownish-red (vs. 46.9–49.4 × 20.3–21.5 mm, elliptic, caudate, pink), the pedicel 4.0–4.4 mm long, torulose, red (vs. 10 mm long, obconic, pink), the bracteoles 15.2–17.6 × 3.9–4.3 mm (vs. 41.3–41.6 × 7.6–7.8 mm), carinate adaxially, attenuate (vs. convex, long acuminate), the hypanthium obscurely pentagonal (vs. 10-ribbed), the calyx black (vs. magenta), the corolla expanding distally (vs. narrowing distally), pubescent in the apical half including the lobes (vs. tomentose), the corolla white towards the base (vs. reddish-brown) and the filaments white, forming a tube (vs. pink, dilated towards the base) (Jiménez et al. 2024a).

Table 1.

Morphological comparison of Ceratostemarevoluta and similar species. References taken from: (1) presented herein, (2) Jiménez et al. (2024); (3) Luteyn (1996) and (4) Doucette et al. (2024).

Characters C.revoluta (1) C.agettiorum (2) C.bracteolatum (3) C.doucettei (4)
Habit Erect, epiphytic Pendant, epiphytic Climbing, epiphytic or terrestrial (?) Erect to ascending, epiphytic
Indumentum on vegetative and floral parts Puberulous on vegetative parts, tomentose on floral parts Puberulous on vegetative parts and tomentose on floral parts Short-pilose Pubescent
Petioles 2.1–3.0 mm long, pulvinate, pale pink 6.3–8.4 mm long, terete, pale green 3.2–3.9 mm long, subterete, pale red 3.0–4.0 mm long, subterete, pale green
Leaves Linear-lanceolate, 2.0–5.7 × 0.4 cm, semi-tubular, obscurely 3-plinerved, apex acute, base cuneate, margins strongly revolute and longitudinally curled Broadly-ovate, 7.1–15.3 × 4.0–8.4 cm, flat, strongly 7–11-plinerved, apex attenuate, base cordate, margins slightly revolute Elliptic-ovate, 3–6 × 1.5–2.5 cm, convex, 5–7-plinerved, apex attenuate, base rounded or obtuse, margins revolute and longitudinally curled Ovate to narrowly ovate, 3.7–4.9 × 1.2–2.0 cm, flat to convex, pinnately veined, apex subacute to obtuse, base obtuse, margins revolute
Inflorescence 3–9-flowered, sessile Up to 15 flowers, short-pedunculate Solitary or rarely 2–4-flowered, sessile Few-flowered, sessile
Flower merosity Pentamerous Pentamerous Pentamerous Tetramerous
Floral bracts 16.5–21.0 × 6.3–10.5 mm, ovate 46.9–49.4 × 20.3–21.5 mm, elliptic 4.0–6.0 × 3.0–4.0 mm, ovate ca. 1.8–2.0 mm long, triangular
Pedicel 4.0–4.4 mm long, complanate, red 10 mm long, obconic, pink 13–19 mm long, coarsely angled to subterete, red 6.5–7.2 mm long, terete, purple
Bracteoles 15.2–17.6 × 3.9–4.3 mm long, ovate-triangular, attenuate, median 41.3–41.6 × 7.6–7.8 mm, narrowly ovate, acuminate, median 13.0–20.0 × 12.0–18.0 mm, broadly ovate, short acuminate, apical Size unknown, scale-like, basal
Hypanthium 3.0–4.2 × 4.0–5.7 mm, obconic, obscurely pentagonal 5.3–6.1 × 3.6–5.2 mm, obconic, 10-ribbed 7.0–10.0 × 7.2 mm, obprismatic, weakly, but distinctly 10-costate 5.0–6.2 × 5.0–6.9 mm, obconic, 5-winged
Calyx lobes Lanceolate, apex acuminate, 12.3–20.2 × 4.0–5.4 mm, sinuses acute Narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, 17.8–19.2 × 3.7–3.9 mm, sinuses acute Ovate, apex acuminate, 12–17 × 7–10 mm, sinuses acute Narrowly triangular, apex acute, 16.0–18.0 × 5.0–6.0 mm long, sinuses acute
Corolla Reddish-brown and black, white towards base, tubular, but expanded distally, 4.0–5.1 cm long, pubescent on apical half Dark scarlet or black, tubular, but slightly narrowing distally, 4.7–5.0 cm long, tomentose on apical half Red, cylindrical, not ventricose, 4.2–4.4 cm long, glabrous where covered by calyx, but short-pilose distally Reddish-purple, dark purple towards apex, tubular, weakly inflated towards base, pubescent, 2.3–2.6 cm long (excluding lobes)
Corolla lobes Narrowly linear-triangular, acute,15.9–22.5 mm long, black, half-spreading Linear-lanceolate, acute, 18.4–25.0 mm long, dark scarlet and black, half-spreading Linear-lanceolate, ca. 19 mm long, purplish, reflexed Narrowly triangular, long-acuminate, dark purple, spreading
Stamens 3.7–4.7 cm long; filaments connate into a tubular corona, white, 10.4–12.7 mm long; thecae 6.6–7.7 mm long 4.1–4.5 cm long, filaments connate into a dilated to the base corona, pink with white base, 9.9 mm long; thecae 5.0–6.0 mm long 3.7–3.8 cm long; filaments tubular connate into a tubular corona, ca. 6 mm long, thecae ca. 13.0–14.0 mm long Ca. 7.0 cm long; filaments connate into a dilated to the base corona, whitish-green suffused with purple, 8.8–10.0 mm long; thecae 17.9–18.3 mm long
Style Exserted, 4.1–4.7 cm long, dark reddish-brown Not exserted, 4.7–4.9 cm long, pink, black above upper half Not exserted, ca. 4.0 cm long Exserted, ca. 4.3 cm long, whitish-green
Open in a new tab

Conservation status.

Ceratostemarevoluta is only known from several individuals in the southeast of Morona Santiago near San Juan Bosco. This region is strongly threatened by deforestation for cattle pastures, slash and burn agriculture, mining, and infrastructure works. We recommend Ceratostemarevoluta to be characterised provisionally as Data Deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2024).

Supplementary Material

XML Treatment for Ceratostema revoluta

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Jungle Dave’s Science Foundation and David R. Goucher for funding botanical research in the Morona-Santiago Province of Ecuador; Mark Wilson for reviewing the English of the manuscript; the Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA) for funding orchid research in Ecuador, which in part allowed the fieldwork to take place (grant #527.A.XV.24); the Herbarium staff of the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (HUTPL) for their support; the Ministerio del Ambiente, Agua y Transición Ecológica (MAATE) of Ecuador for research permit No. MAATEDB I-CM-2022-0248; Akihiro Ito and the Field Museum of Natural History for permission to use their photos; and Peter Fritsch and James L. Luteyn for the revision of this manuscript.

Citation

Jiménez MM, Garzón-Suárez HX, Iturralde GA (2025) A new species of Ceratostema (Ericaceae) with nearly tubular leaves from the Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador. PhytoKeys 261: 77–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.261.156555

Funding Statement

Universidad de Las Américas, grant No. 527.A.XV.24.

Additional information

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Ethical statement

Fieldwork and specimen collection complied with all relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines and regulations. Collection of the type specimens was conducted under permit MAATEDB I-CM-2022-0248 issued by the Ministerio del Ambiente, Agua y Transcición Ecológica (MAATE) de Ecuador. No ethical approval or consent was required for this study, as it did not involve human participants or endangered animal species.

Use of AI

No AI-assisted technologies were used during the preparation of this manuscript.

Funding

Authors MMJ and GAI conducted this research with support from project 527.A.XV.24, funded by Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA).

Author contributions

Conceptualization: MMJ. Data curation: HXGS. Methodology: HXGS. Writing – original draft: MMJ. Writing – review and editing: GAI.

Author ORCIDs

Marco M. Jiménez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9502-5651

Henry X. Garzón-Suárez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-1652

Gabriel A. Iturralde https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-0929

Data availability

All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.

References

  1. Christenhusz MJ, Byng JW. (2016) The number of known plant species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261(3): 201–217. 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clark JL, Neill DA. (2023) Amanoacondorensis (Phyllanthaceae), a new shrubby species from the Cordillera del Condor in southern Ecuador. PhytoKeys 227: 89–97. 10.3897/phytokeys.227.104703 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cornejo X, Pedraza-Peñalosa P. (2019) Sphyrospermumgrandiflorum (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae): a new epiphytic shrub from south eastern Ecuador. Phytotaxa 409(2): 66–70. 10.11646/phytotaxa.409.2.2 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cornejo X, Luteyn JL. (2024) Three new epiphytic species and a new variety in Ceratostema (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae) from southeastern Ecuador. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18(2): 321–332. 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i2.1369 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cornejo X, Tello-Hidalgo G, Luteyn JL. (2024) Ceratostemaloucianae and Disterigmachriscanadayi (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae)—new epiphytic species from eastern Ecuador. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18(1): 87–93. 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1340 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  6. Doucette A, Medina H, Portilla J. (2024) New species of Ceratostema (Ericaceae) from Ecuador. The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia Nomenclature Note 9: 1–5. https://www.orchidspecies.com/vol912024.pdf [Google Scholar]
  7. Doucette A, Medina H, Portilla J. (2025a) Three new taxa of Ceratostema (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae). Andreettana 1(1): 25–34. https://faaec.org/andreettana/andreettana-numero-1/ [Google Scholar]
  8. Doucette A, Medina H, Portilla J. (2025b) Ceratostemaingridportillae (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), a new epiphytic shrub from the Andean Cloud Forests of Ecuador. Andreettana 1(2): 5–7. https://faaec.org/andreettana/andreettana-tropical-andes-biodiversity-and-conservation-vol-1-2/ [Google Scholar]
  9. Doucette A, Medina H, Portilla J. (2025c) Ceratostemapepeportillae (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), a giant epiphytic shrub from the Andean cloud forests of Ecuador. Andreettana 1(2): 8–10. https://faaec.org/andreettana/andreettana-tropical-andes-biodiversity-and-conservation-vol-1-2/ [Google Scholar]
  10. Doucette A, Medina H, Portilla J. (2025d) Ceratostemaalexportillae (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), a new epiphytic shrub from the Andean cloud forests of Ecuador. Andreettana 1(2): 11–13. https://faaec.org/andreettana/andreettana-tropical-andes-biodiversity-and-conservation-vol-1-2/ [Google Scholar]
  11. IUCN (2024) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 16. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee.
  12. Jaramillo MA. (2023) Piperalwynii (Piperaceae), a new species from the Cordillera del Cóndor at the border of Peru and Ecuador. Novon 31: 255–261. 10.3417/2023862 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jiménez MM, Fierro-Minda A, Vélez-Abarca L, Iturralde GA, Garzón-Suárez HX. (2024a) A new species of Ceratostema (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae) from the province of Morona-Santiago, Ecuador. Phytotaxa 650(1): 073–082. 10.11646/phytotaxa.650.1.6 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jiménez MM, Iturralde GA, Fierro Minda A, Ocupa-Horna L, Mendoza J, Garzón-Suárez HX. (2024b) A new species of Meriania (Melastomataceae: Merianieae) with winged hypanthium from the Cordillera del Condor in Ecuador. Phytotaxa 636(1): 73–86. 10.11646/phytotaxa.637.1.5 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jiménez MM, Martel C, Garzón-Suárez HX, Baquero LE, Mashendo V, Iturralde GA. (2024c) Telipogonleisberthvelezii (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), a new orchid species from the Cordillera del Cóndor in Ecuador. Kew Bulletin 79: 97–106. 10.1007/s12225-023-10145-5 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  16. Jiménez MM, Iturralde GA, Kuethe JR, Lapo-González N, Baquero LE, Vélez-Abarca L, Garzón-Suárez HX. (2024d) Ceratostemagualaquizensis (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), a new species from Ecuador known from previously misidentified specimens and new insights on Ceratostemaloucianae. Phytotaxa 671: 113–127. 10.11646/phytotaxa.671.2.1 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  17. Luteyn JL. (1996) Ericaceae: Ceratostema. In: Harling G, Andersson L. (Eds) Flora of Ecuador (Vol.54. Part 147). Göteborg University, Stockholm, 210–253.
  18. Luteyn JL. (2002) Diversity, adaptation, and endemism in neotropical Ericaceae: Biogeographical patterns in the Vaccinieae. Botanical Review 68: 55–87. 10.1663/0006-8101(2002)068[0055:DAAEIN]2.0.CO;2 [DOI]
  19. Luteyn JL. (2005) Four new species of Ericaceae (Vaccinieae) from Ecuador. SIDA, Contributions to Botany 21(3): 1269–1282. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41968389 [Google Scholar]
  20. Luteyn JL. (2021) The plant family Ericaceae (“Blueberries”) in Ecuador: Ecology, diversity, economic importance, and conservation. Revista Ecuatoriana de Medicina y Ciencias Biologicas 42(2): 1–32. 10.26807/remcb.v42i2.911 [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  21. Molino S, Zapata JN, Heal D, Testo WL. (2025) Parablechnumshuariorum (Blechnaceae), a new fern species from the Cordillera del Cóndor. Brittonia 77: 33–39. 10.1007/s12228-024-09823-w [DOI] [Google Scholar]
  22. Neill DA. (2005) Cordillera del Cóndor: Botanical treasures between the Andes and the Amazon. Plant Talk 41: 17–21. [Google Scholar]
  23. POWO (2025) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ [accessed 22.04.2025]

Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

XML Treatment for Ceratostema revoluta
phytokeys.261.156555-treatment1.xml (30.6KB, xml)

Data Availability Statement

All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.

Articles from PhytoKeys are provided here courtesy of Pensoft Publishers

RESOURCES