Skip to main content
British Journal of Pharmacology logoLink to British Journal of Pharmacology
. 1973 Mar;47(3):586–594. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08189.x

The distribution of lithium and its effects on the distribution and excretion of other ions in the rat

N J Birch, F A Jenner
PMCID: PMC1776294  PMID: 4730833

Abstract

1. In rats, lithium (ca 1 mEquiv/kg body weight) decreased brain sodium and magnesium, bone sodium and calcium and increased muscle calcium, plasma magnesium, urinary calcium and urine volume.

2. Lithium was particularly concentrated in bone.

Full text

PDF
586

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aronoff M. S., Evens R. G., Durell J. Effect of lithium salts on electrolyte metabolism. J Psychiatr Res. 1971 Jun;8(2):139–159. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(71)90015-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baastrup P. C., Poulsen J. C., Schou M., Thomsen K., Amdisen A. Prophylactic lithium: double blind discontinuation in manic-depressive and recurrent-depressive disorders. Lancet. 1970 Aug 15;2(7668):326–330. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)92870-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Baer L., Kassir S., Fieve R. Lithium-induced changes in electrolyte balance and tissue electrolyte concentration. Psychopharmacologia. 1970;17(3):216–224. doi: 10.1007/BF00402081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Baer L., Platman S. R., Fieve R. R. The role of electrolytes in affective disorders. Sodium, potassium, and lithium ions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1970 Feb;22(2):108–113. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1970.01740260012002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Birch N. J. Effects of lithium on plasma magnesium. Br J Psychiatry. 1970 Apr;116(533):461–461. doi: 10.1192/bjp.116.533.461. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bunney W. E., Jr, Goodwin F. K., Davis J. M., Fawcett J. A. A behavioral-biochemical study of lithium treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 1968 Oct;125(4):499–512. doi: 10.1176/ajp.125.4.499. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chang T. L., Gover T. A., Harrison W. W. Determination of magnesium and zinc in human brain tissue by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta. 1966 Jan;34(1):17–23. doi: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)88998-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coppen A., Noguera R., Bailey J., Burns B. H., Swani M. S., Hare E. H., Gardner R., Maggs R. Prophylactic lithium in affective disorders. Controlled trial. Lancet. 1971 Aug 7;2(7719):275–279. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91331-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Coppen A., Shaw D. M. The distribution of electrolytes and water in patients after taking lithium carbonate. Lancet. 1967 Oct 14;2(7520):805–806. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(67)92237-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Creek R. D., Lund P., Thomas O. P., Pollard W. O. The effect of lithium carbonate on egg shell formation and serum calcium level of the hen. Poult Sci. 1971 Mar;50(2):577–580. doi: 10.3382/ps.0500577. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. DAVENPORT V. D. Distribution of parenterally administered lithium in plasma, brain and muscle of rats. Am J Physiol. 1950 Dec;163(3):633–641. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1950.163.3.633. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Frizel D., Coppen A., Marks V. Plasma magnesium and calcium in depression. Br J Psychiatry. 1969 Dec;115(529):1375–1377. doi: 10.1192/bjp.115.529.1375. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Grant L., Hopkinson P., Jennings G., Jenner F. A. Period of adjustment of rats used for experimental studies. Nature. 1971 Jul 9;232(5306):135–135. doi: 10.1038/232135a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Harris C. A., Jenner F. A. Some aspects of the inhibition of the action of antidiuretic hormone by lithium ions in the rat kidney and bladder of the toad Bufo marinus. Br J Pharmacol. 1972 Feb;44(2):223–232. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hullin R. P., Swinscoe J. C., McDonald R., Dransfield G. A. Metabolic balance studies on the effect of lithium salts in manic-depressive psychosis. Br J Psychiatry. 1968 Dec;114(517):1561–1573. doi: 10.1192/bjp.114.517.1561. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. King L. J., Carl J. L., Archer E. G., Castellanet M. Effects of lithium on brain energy reserves and cations in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1969 Jul;168(1):163–170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Murphy D. L., Goodwin F. K., Bunney W. E., Jr Aldosterone and sodium response to lithium administration in man. Lancet. 1969 Aug 30;2(7618):458–461. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90166-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. NIELSEN J. MAGNESIUM--LITHIUM STUDIES 1. SERUM AND ERYTHROCYTE MAGNESIUM IN PATIENTS WITH MANIC STATES DURING LITHIUM TREATMENT. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1964;40:190–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1964.tb05745.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. NIELSEN J. MAGNESIUM--LITHIUM STUDIES 2. THE EFFECT OF LITHIUM ON SERUM MAGNESIUM IN RABBITS. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1964;40:197–202. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1964.tb05746.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pearson I. B., Jenner F. A. Lithium in psychiatry. Nature. 1971 Aug 20;232(5312):532–533. doi: 10.1038/232532a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Schou M. Lithium in psychiatric therapy and prophylaxis. J Psychiatr Res. 1968 Jun;6(1):67–95. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(68)90047-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. ZETTNER A., SELIGSON D. APPLICATION OF ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN THE DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM IN SERUM. Clin Chem. 1964 Oct;10:869–890. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Journal of Pharmacology are provided here courtesy of The British Pharmacological Society

RESOURCES