Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Medical Journal logoLink to British Medical Journal
. 1979 Apr 14;1(6169):1001–1004. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6169.1001

Progress in endocrine exophthalmos.

C W Havard
PMCID: PMC1598686  PMID: 582020

Full text

PDF
1001

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams D. D., Dirmikis S., Doniach D., El Kabir D. J., Hall R., Ibbertson H. K., Irvine W. J., Kendall-Taylor P., Manley S. W., Mehdi S. Q. Letter: Nomenclature of thyroid-stimulating antibodies. Lancet. 1975 May 24;1(7917):1201–1201. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)93195-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Adams D. D., Fastier F. N., Howie J. B., Kennedy T. H., Kilpatrick J. A., Stewart R. D. Stimulation of the human thyroid by infusions of plasma containing LATS protector. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1974 Nov;39(5):826–832. doi: 10.1210/jcem-39-5-826. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Adams D. D., Kennedy T. H. Evidence to suggest that LATS protector stimulates the human thyroid gland. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1971 Jul;33(1):47–51. doi: 10.1210/jcem-33-1-47. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Amir S. M., Carraway T. F., Jr, Kohn L. D., Winand R. J. The binding of thyrotropin to isolated bovine thyroid plasma membranes. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jun 10;248(11):4092–4100. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bolonkin D., Tate R. L., Luber J. H., Kohn L. D., Winand R. J. Experimental exophthalmos. Binding of thyrotropin and an exophthalmogenic factor derived from thyrotropin to retro-orbital tissue plasma membranes. J Biol Chem. 1975 Aug 25;250(16):6516–6521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Branda R. F., Moldow C. F., McCullough J. J., Jacob H. S. Plasma exchange in the treatment of immune disease. Transfusion. 1975 Nov-Dec;15(6):570–576. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1975.15676082232.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Burrow G. N., Mitchell M. S., Howard R. O., Morrow L. B. Immunosuppressive therapy for the eye changes of Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1970 Sep;31(3):307–311. doi: 10.1210/jcem-31-3-307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bystryn J. C., Graf M. W., Uhr J. W. Regulation of antibody formation by serum antibody. II. Removal of specific antibody by means of exchange transfusion. J Exp Med. 1970 Dec 1;132(6):1279–1287. doi: 10.1084/jem.132.6.1279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cant J. S. The assessment and treatment of endocrine exophthalmos. Proc R Soc Med. 1970 Aug;63(8):783–786. doi: 10.1177/003591577006300820. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Crombie A. L., Lawson A. A. Long-term trial of local guanethidine in treatment of eye signs of thyroid dysfunction and idiopathic lid retraction. Br Med J. 1967 Dec 9;4(5579):592–595. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5579.592. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. DOBYNS B. M., STEELMAN S. L. The thyroid-stimulating hormone of the anterior pituitary as distinct from the exophthalmos-producing substance. Endocrinology. 1953 Jun;52(6):705–711. doi: 10.1210/endo-52-6-705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dandona P., Marshall N. J., Bidey S. P., Nathan A., Havard C. W. Successful treatment of exophthalmos and pretibial myxoedema with plasmapheresis. Br Med J. 1979 Feb 10;1(6160):374–376. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6160.374. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Dau P. C., Lindstrom J. M., Cassel C. K., Denys E. H., Shev E. E., Spitler L. E. Plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive drug therapy in myasthenia gravis. N Engl J Med. 1977 Nov 24;297(21):1134–1140. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197711242972102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Donaldson S. S., Bagshaw M. A., Kriss J. P. Supervoltage orbital radiotherapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973 Aug;37(2):276–285. doi: 10.1210/jcem-37-2-276. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. FREINKEL N. Extrathyroidal actions of pituitary thyrotropin: effects on the carbohydrate, lipid and respiratory metabolism of rat adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 1961 Mar;40:476–489. doi: 10.1172/JCI104275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Fakhri O., Hobbs J. R. Detection of antibodies which can cooperate with lymphocytes. Lancet. 1972 Aug 26;2(7774):403–406. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)91799-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Gill D. L., Marshall N. J., Ekins R. P. Binding of thyrotropin to receptors in fat tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1978 Feb-Mar;10(1):89–102. doi: 10.1016/0303-7207(78)90062-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. HALES I. B., RUNDLE F. F. Ocular changes in Graves' disease. A long-term follow-up study. Q J Med. 1960 Jan;29:113–126. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hall R., Kirkham K., Doniach D., el-Kabir D. Ophthalmic Graves' disease. Diagnosis and pathogenesis. Lancet. 1970 Feb 21;1(7643):375–378. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91513-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hamilton R. D., Mayberry W. E., McConahey W. M., Hanson K. C. Ophthalmopathy of Graves' disease: a comparison between patients treated surgically and patients treated with radioiodide. Mayo Clin Proc. 1967 Dec;42(12):812–818. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Hart I. R., McKenzie J. M. Comparison of the effects of thyrotropin and the long-acting thyroid stimulator on guinea pig adipose tissue. Endocrinology. 1971 Jan;88(1):26–30. doi: 10.1210/endo-88-1-26. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Hauer J. Additional clinical sign of "unilateral" endocrine exophthalamos. Br J Ophthalmol. 1969 Mar;53(3):210–211. doi: 10.1136/bjo.53.3.210. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Hetzel B. S., Mason E. K., Wang H. K. Studies of serum long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) in relation to exophthalmos after therapy for thyrotoxicosis. Australas Ann Med. 1968 Nov;17(4):307–311. doi: 10.1111/imj.1968.17.4.307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. JONES A. Orbital X-ray therapy of progressive exophthalmos. Br J Radiol. 1951 Dec;24(288):637–646. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-24-288-637. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Jones D. I., Munro D. S., Wilson G. M. Observations on the course of exophthalmos after 131-I therapy. Proc R Soc Med. 1969 Jan;62(1):15–18. doi: 10.1177/003591576906200110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kohn L. D., Winand R. J. Structure of an exophthalmos-producing factor derived from thyrotropin by partial pepsin digestion. J Biol Chem. 1975 Aug 25;250(16):6503–6508. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Konishi J., Herman M. M., Kriss J. P. Binding of thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin-antithyroglobulin immune complex to extraocular muscle membrane. Endocrinology. 1974 Aug;95(2):434–446. doi: 10.1210/endo-95-2-434. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Kourides I. A., Weintraub B. D., Ridgway E. C., Maloof F. Pituitary secretion of free alpha and beta subunit of human thyrotropin in patients with thyroid disorders. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1975 May;40(5):872–885. doi: 10.1210/jcem-40-5-872. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Kriss J. P., Pleshakov V., Rosenblum A. L., Holderness M., Sharp G., Utiger R. Studies on the pathogenesis of the ophthalmopathy of Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1967 Apr;27(4):582–593. doi: 10.1210/jcem-27-4-582. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Liddle G. W., Heyssel R. M., McKenzie J. M. Graves' disease without hyperthyroidism. Am J Med. 1965 Nov;39(5):845–848. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90104-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Lloyd G. A. The radiological investigation of proptosis. Br J Radiol. 1970 Jan;43(505):1–18. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-43-505-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Lockwood C. M., Rees A. J., Pearson T. A., Evans D. J., Peters D. K., Wilson C. B. Immunosuppression and plasma-exchange in the treatment of Goodpasture's syndrome. Lancet. 1976 Apr 3;1(7962):711–715. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)93089-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. MORGAN D. C., MASON A. S. Exophthalmos in Cushing's syndrome. Br Med J. 1958 Aug 23;2(5094):481–483. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5094.481. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. MacCarty C. S., Kenefick T. P., McConahey W. M., Kearns T. P. Ophthalmopathy of Graves' disease treated by removal of roof, lateral walls, and lateral sphenoid ridge: review of 46 cases. Mayo Clin Proc. 1970 Jul;45(7):488–493. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Mashieu P., Winand R. Demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity to retrobulbar and thyroid tissues in human exophthalmos. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1972 Jun;34(6):1090–1092. doi: 10.1210/jcem-34-6-1090. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Mori T., Kriss J. P. Measurements by competitive binding radioassay of serum anti-microsomal and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies in Graves' disease and other thyroid disorders. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1971 Oct;33(4):688–698. doi: 10.1210/jcem-33-4-688. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Mukhtar E. D., Smith B. R., Pyle G. A., Hall R., Vice P. Relation of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins to thyroid function and effects of surgery, radioiodine, and antithyroid drugs. Lancet. 1975 Mar 29;1(7909):713–715. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91629-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Mullin B. R., Lee G., Ledley F. D., Winland R. J., Kohn L. D. Thyrotropin interactions with human fat cell membrane preparations and the finding of soluble thyrotropin binding component. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Mar 8;69(1):55–62. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(76)80271-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Mullin B. R., Levinson R. E., Friedman A., Henson D. E., Winand R. J., Kohn L. D. Delayed hypersensitivity in Graves' disease and exophthalmos: identification of thyroglobulin in normal human orbital muscle. Endocrinology. 1977 Feb;100(2):351–366. doi: 10.1210/endo-100-2-351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Munro R. E., Lamki L., Row V. V., Volpé R. Cell-mediated immunity in the exophthalmos of Graves' disease as demonstrated by the migration inhibition factor (MIF) test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973 Aug;37(2):286–292. doi: 10.1210/jcem-37-2-286. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Naffziger H. C. PROGRESSIVE EXOPHTHALMOS FOLLOWING THYROIDECTOMY; ITS PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT. Ann Surg. 1931 Oct;94(4):582–586. doi: 10.1097/00000658-193110000-00013. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Orgiazzi J., Williams D. E., Chopra I. J., Solomon D. H. Human thyroid adenyl cyclase-stimulating activity in immunoglobulin G of patients with Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1976 Feb;42(2):341–354. doi: 10.1210/jcem-42-2-341. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Ormston B. J., Alexander L., Evered D. C., Clark F., Bird T., Appleton D., Hall R. Thyrotrophin response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in ophthalmic Graves' disease: correlation with other aspects of thyroid function, thyroid suppressibility and activity of eye signs. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1973 Oct;2(4):369–376. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1973.tb01723.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Pinching A. J., Peters D. K. Remission of myasthenia gravis following plasma-exchange. Lancet. 1976 Dec 25;2(8000):1373–1376. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91917-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Pisarev M. A., Altschuler N., Davison T. A. Immune exophthalmos due to harderian gland antigen. Endocrinology. 1968 Oct;83(4):903–906. doi: 10.1210/endo-83-4-903. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Safer D., Allen R., Barr E. Depression of growth in hyperactive children on stimulant drugs. N Engl J Med. 1972 Aug 3;287(5):217–220. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197208032870503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Shishiba Y., Shimizu T., Yoshimura S., Shizume K. Direct evidence for human thyroidal stimulation by LATS-protector. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973 Mar;36(3):517–521. doi: 10.1210/jcem-36-3-517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Sisson J. C., Kothary P., Kirchick H. The effects of lymphocytes, sera, and long-acting thyroid stimulator from patients with Graves' disease on retrobulbar fibroblasts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973 Jul;37(1):17–24. doi: 10.1210/jcem-37-1-17. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Sneddon J. M., Turner P. Adrenergic blockade and the eye signs of thyrotoxicosis. Lancet. 1966 Sep 3;2(7462):525–527. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92881-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Solomon D. H., Chopra I. J., Chopra U., Smith F. J. Identification of subgroups of euthyroid graves's ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med. 1977 Jan 27;296(4):181–186. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197701272960401. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Takeda Y., Kriss J. P. Radiometric measurement of thyroglobulin-antithyroglobulin immune complex in human serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1977 Jan;44(1):46–55. doi: 10.1210/jcem-44-1-46. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Teng C. S., Smith B. R., Clayton B., Evered D. C., Clark F., Hall R. Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in ophthalmic Graves' disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1977 Mar;6(3):207–211. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb03316.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Teng C. S., Yeo P. P. Ophthalmic Graves's disease: natural history and detailed thyroid function studies. Br Med J. 1977 Jan 29;1(6056):273–275. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6056.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Volpé R. The pathogenesis of Graves' disease: an overview. Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1978 Mar;7(1):3–29. doi: 10.1016/s0300-595x(78)80033-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. WHITE J. E., ENGEL F. L. Lipolytic action of corticotropin on rat adipose tissue in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1958 Nov;37(11):1556–1563. doi: 10.1172/JCI103748. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Werner S. C., Coleman D. J., Franzen L. A. Ultrasonographic evidence of a consistent orbital involvement in Graves's disease. N Engl J Med. 1974 Jun 27;290(26):1447–1450. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197406272902602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Winand R. J., Kohn L. D. Retrobulbar modifications in experimental exophthalmos: the effect of thyrotropin and an exophthalmos producing substance derived from thyrotropin on the 35SO4 incorporation and glycosaminoglycan content of Harderian glands. Endocrinology. 1973 Sep;93(3):670–680. doi: 10.1210/endo-93-3-670. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Winand R., Mahieu P. Prevention of malignant exophthalmos after treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Lancet. 1973 May 26;1(7813):1196–1196. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)91210-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Medical Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES