Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry logoLink to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
. 1984 Oct;47(10):1109–1116. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.47.10.1109

Action of tizanidine on responses of forearm flexors and extensors to torque disturbances.

R Mackel, E E Brink, Y Nakajima
PMCID: PMC1028042  PMID: 6502168

Abstract

The effects of tizanidine on the electromyographic responses of forearm flexors and extensors to torque disturbances were studied in normal subjects. Tizanidine had a strong depressive action on all the reflex responses, and on muscle background activity. It is concluded that the action on reflexes is not specific, but secondary to decreased spinal cord excitability.

Full text

PDF
1109

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chan C. W., Jones G. M., Kearney R. E., Watt D. G. The 'late' electromyographic response to limb displacement in man. I. Evidence for supraspinal contribution. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1979 Feb;46(2):173–181. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(79)90066-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Colebatch J. G., Gandevia S. C., McCloskey D. I., Potter E. K. Subject instruction and long latency reflex responses to muscle stretch. J Physiol. 1979 Jul;292:527–534. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cooke J. D., Eastman M. J. Long-loop reflexes in the tranquilized monkey. Exp Brain Res. 1977 Apr 21;27(5):491–500. doi: 10.1007/BF00239038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Crago P. E., Houk J. C., Hasan Z. Regulatory actions of human stretch reflex. J Neurophysiol. 1976 Sep;39(5):925–935. doi: 10.1152/jn.1976.39.5.925. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Eklund G., Hagbarth K. E., Hägglund J. V., Wallin E. U. The 'late' reflex responses to muscle stretch: the 'resonance hypothesis' versus the 'long-loop hypothesis'. J Physiol. 1982 May;326:79–90. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1982.sp014178. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Evarts E. V., Granit R. Relations of reflexes and intended movements. Prog Brain Res. 1976;44:1–14. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60719-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Evarts E. V. Motor cortex reflexes associated with learned movement. Science. 1973 Feb 2;179(4072):501–503. doi: 10.1126/science.179.4072.501. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. GESLER R. M., COULSTON F. Pharmacologic and toxicologic studies of two new centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants, chlormethazanone and dichlormethazanone. Toxicology. 1959 Mar;1(2):168–184. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(59)90138-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Ghez C., Shinoda Y. Spinal mechanisms of the functional stretch reflex. Exp Brain Res. 1978 May 12;32(1):55–68. doi: 10.1007/BF00237390. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gottlieb G. L., Agarwal G. C. Response to sudden torques about ankle in man: myotatic reflex. J Neurophysiol. 1979 Jan;42(1 Pt 1):91–106. doi: 10.1152/jn.1979.42.1.91. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. HAMMOND P. H. Involuntary activity in biceps following the sudden application of velocity to the abducted forearm. J Physiol. 1955 Feb 28;127(2):23–5P. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. HAMMOND P. H. The influence of prior instruction to the subject on an apparently involuntary neuro-muscular response. J Physiol. 1956 Apr 27;132(1):17–8P. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hassan N., McLellan D. L. Double-blind comparison of single doses of DS103-282, baclofen and placebo for suppression of spasticity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1980 Dec;43(12):1132–1136. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.43.12.1132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. KEARNEY R. D. Use of trancopal as a muscle relaxant and tranquilizer in industrial medicine: clinical experience in 220 patients. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 1960 Apr;2:127–131. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Knutsson E., Mårtensson A., Gransberg L. Antiparetic and antispastic effects induced by tizanidine in patients with spastic paresis. J Neurol Sci. 1982 Feb;53(2):187–204. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(82)90005-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Marsden C. D., Merton P. A., Morton H. B., Adam J. The effect of lesions of the sensorimotor cortex and the capsular pathways on servo responses from the human long thumb flexor. Brain. 1977 Sep;100(3):503–526. doi: 10.1093/brain/100.3.503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Marsden C. D., Merton P. A., Morton H. B. Servo action in the human thumb. J Physiol. 1976 May;257(1):1–44. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011354. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Marsden C. D., Merton P. A., Morton H. B. Stretch reflex and servo action in a variety of human muscles. J Physiol. 1976 Jul;259(2):531–560. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011481. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Ringwald E., Campean S. J., Gerstenbrand F., Lorincz A., Lörincz P., Ludin H. P. Klinische Erfahrungen mit einem neuartigen Myotonolytikum (DS 103-282 Sandoz). Nervenarzt. 1977 Jul;48(7):355–358. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rothwell J. C., Traub M. M., Marsden C. D. Influence of voluntary intent on the human long-latency stretch reflex. Nature. 1980 Jul 31;286(5772):496–498. doi: 10.1038/286496a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sayers A. C., Bürki H. R., Eichenberger E. The pharmacology of 5-chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-yl-amino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DS 103-282), a novel myotonolytic agent. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(5):793–803. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sherrington C. S. Decerebrate Rigidity, and Reflex Coordination of Movements. J Physiol. 1898 Feb 17;22(4):319–332. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1898.sp000697. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tatton W. G., Forner S. D., Gerstein G. L., Chambers W. W., Liu C. N. The effect of postcentral cortical lesions on motor responses to sudden upper limb displacements in monkeys. Brain Res. 1975 Oct 10;96(1):108–113. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90580-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Tracey D. J., Walmsley B., Brinkman J. 'Long-loop' reflexes can be obtained in spinal monkeys. Neurosci Lett. 1980 May 15;18(1):59–65. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(80)90213-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. WILKIE D. R. The relation between force and velocity in human muscle. J Physiol. 1949 Dec;110(3-4):249–280. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1949.sp004437. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES