Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry logoLink to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
. 1991 Jul;54(7):576–579. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.54.7.576

Cerebral infarction in young people. A study of 148 patients with early cerebral angiography.

F Lisovoski 1, P Rousseaux 1
PMCID: PMC1014424  PMID: 1895119

Abstract

The aetiology of strokes was studied in a hospital based series of patients aged up to 40 years with precise clinical and radiological criteria. One hundred and forty five patients (75 males and 73 females) aged five to 40 years with cerebral ischaemia were evaluated. Aetiology was heterogeneous and could be classified into seven groups. Cerebral arteriograms were performed in all cases and indicated the aetiological diagnosis in most patients. Embolism was the most frequent recognised abnormality (38.4%). There were no complications of arteriography. Arterial dissections discovered by arteriography were the cause of the stroke in 10.1% of the patients. Atherosclerosis was diagnosed in 32 cases and was the commonest cause (21.6%). In one fifth of cases no cause was found. Contraceptive drugs were considered as potential cause of ischaemic stroke in 11.5%, cardiac diseases in 12.8% and haematological disorders in 8.1%. Other potential causes included migraine, inflammatory diseases, pregnancy and lacunas. Follow up in 126 cases showed that many patients had good functional recovery.

Full text

PDF
578

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams H. P., Jr, Butler M. J., Biller J., Toffol G. J. Nonhemorrhagic cerebral infarction in young adults. Arch Neurol. 1986 Aug;43(8):793–796. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1986.00520080041017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bakouche P., Vedrenne C., Beaumont V., Chaouat D., Reignier A., Nick J. Thromboangéite à cellules géantes au cours d'une contraception orale. Etude anatomo-clinique et immunologique. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1980;136(8-9):509–519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beaumont J. L., Lemort N., Lorenzelli-Edouard L., Delplanque B., Beaumont V. Antiethinyloestradiol antibody activities in oral contraceptive users. Clin Exp Immunol. 1979 Dec;38(3):445–452. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beaumont J. L., Lemort N. Oral contraceptive, pulmonary artery thrombosis and anti-ethinyl-oestradiol monoclonal IgG. Clin Exp Immunol. 1976 Jun;24(3):455–463. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Beaumont V., Lemort N., Beaumont J. L. Oral contraception, circulating immune complexes, antiethinylestradiol antibodies, and thrombosis. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1982 Feb;2(1):8–12. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1982.tb00077.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bousser M. G., Baron J. C., Chiras J. Ischemic strokes and migraine. Neuroradiology. 1985;27(6):583–587. doi: 10.1007/BF00340855. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gautier J. C., Pradat-Diehl P., Loron P., Lechat P., Lascault G., Juillard J. B., Grosgogeat Y. Accidents vasculaires cérébraux des sujets jeunes. Une étude de 133 patients âgés de 9 à 45 ans. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1989;145(6-7):437–442. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gordon M. F., Coyle P. K., Golub B. Eales' disease presenting as stroke in the young adult. Ann Neurol. 1988 Aug;24(2):264–266. doi: 10.1002/ana.410240214. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Grindal A. B., Cohen R. J., Saul R. F., Taylor J. R. Cerebral infarction in young adults. Stroke. 1978 Jan-Feb;9(1):39–42. doi: 10.1161/01.str.9.1.39. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hagen P. T., Scholz D. G., Edwards W. D. Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clin Proc. 1984 Jan;59(1):17–20. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60336-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hardy-Godon S., Fredy D., Chodkiewicz J. P., Perez J., Bories J. Angiography of cerebrovascular accidents in patients taking contraceptive pills. An analysis of 85 cases. J Neuroradiol. 1979;6(3):239–254. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hart R. G., Miller V. T., Coull B. M., Bril V. Cerebral infarction associated with lupus anticoagulants--preliminary report. Stroke. 1984 Jan-Feb;15(1):114–118. doi: 10.1161/01.str.15.1.114. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hilton-Jones D., Warlow C. P. The causes of stroke in the young. J Neurol. 1985;232(3):137–143. doi: 10.1007/BF00313888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hindfelt B., Nilsson O. Brain infarction in young adults (with particular reference to pathogenesis). Acta Neurol Scand. 1977 Feb;55(2):145–157. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05635.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Irey N. S., Manion W. C., Taylor H. B. Vascular lesions in women taking oral contraceptives. Arch Pathol. 1970 Jan;89(1):1–8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kalendovsky Z., Austin J., Steele P. Increased platelet aggregability in young patients with stroke. Diagnosis and therapy. Arch Neurol. 1975 Jan;32(1):13–20. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1975.00490430035004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lidegaard O. Cerebrovascular deaths before and after the appearance of oral contraceptives. Acta Neurol Scand. 1987 Jun;75(6):427–433. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb05473.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lidegaard O., Soe M., Andersen M. V. Cerebral thromboembolism among young women and men in Denmark 1977-1982. Stroke. 1986 Jul-Aug;17(4):670–675. doi: 10.1161/01.str.17.4.670. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lynch J. J., Schuchard G. H., Gross C. M., Wann L. S. Prevalence of right-to-left atrial shunting in a healthy population: detection by Valsalva maneuver contrast echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 1984 May 15;53(10):1478–1480. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(84)91617-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pavlakis S. G., Phillips P. C., DiMauro S., De Vivo D. C., Rowland L. P. Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes: a distinctive clinical syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1984 Oct;16(4):481–488. doi: 10.1002/ana.410160409. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Riou B., Barriot P., Rimailho A., Baud F. J. Treatment of severe chloroquine poisoning. N Engl J Med. 1988 Jan 7;318(1):1–6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198801073180101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shapira Y., Harel S., Russell A. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies: a group of neuromuscular disorders with defects in oxidative metabolism. Isr J Med Sci. 1977 Feb;13(2):161–164. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Syrjänen J., Valtonen V. V., Iivanainen M., Kaste M., Huttunen J. K. Preceding infection as an important risk factor for ischaemic brain infarction in young and middle aged patients. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988 Apr 23;296(6630):1156–1160. doi: 10.1136/bmj.296.6630.1156. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES