Abstract
Neuropathological features and causes of death are presented in 27 deceased patients belonging to a prospective series of 71 hospitalised patients with primary degenerative dementia. The clinical criteria for primary degenerative dementia used in the present study were accurate enough to exclude patients with multi-infarct dementia. At necropsy, 82% of the cases had neuropathological changes of Alzheimer's disease. The clinical features of patients with other neuropathological changes are described. The most common immediate cause of death was bronchopneumonia which accounted for 59% of deaths in Alzheimer's disease.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Boller F., Mizutani T., Roessmann U., Gambetti P. Parkinson disease, dementia, and Alzheimer disease: clinicopathological correlations. Ann Neurol. 1980 Apr;7(4):329–335. doi: 10.1002/ana.410070408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bowen D. M., White P., Spillane J. A., Goodhardt M. J., Curzon G., Iwangoff P., Meier-Ruge W., Davison A. N. Accelerated ageing or selective neuronal loss as an important cause of dementia? Lancet. 1979 Jan 6;1(8106):11–14. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)90454-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brinkman S. D., Sarwar M., Levin H. S., Morris H. H., 3rd Quantitative indexes of computed tomography in dementia and normal aging. Radiology. 1981 Jan;138(1):89–92. doi: 10.1148/radiology.138.1.7455102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fox J. H., Topel J. L., Huckman M. S. Dementia in the elderly--a search for treatable illnesses. J Gerontol. 1975 Sep;30(5):557–564. doi: 10.1093/geronj/30.5.557. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hachinski V. C., Iliff L. D., Zilhka E., Du Boulay G. H., McAllister V. L., Marshall J., Russell R. W., Symon L. Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Arch Neurol. 1975 Sep;32(9):632–637. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1975.00490510088009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hakim A. M., Mathieson G. Dementia in Parkinson disease: a neuropathologic study. Neurology. 1979 Sep;29(9 Pt 1):1209–1214. doi: 10.1212/wnl.29.9_part_1.1209. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haltia M., Kovanen J., Van Crevel H., Bots G. T., Stefanko S. Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Sci. 1979 Aug;42(3):381–389. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(79)90171-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hopper M. W., Vogel F. S. The limbic system in Alzheimer's disease. A neuropathologic investigation. Am J Pathol. 1976 Oct;85(1):1–20. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jacoby R. J., Levy R. Computed tomography in the elderly. 2. Senile dementia: diagnosis and functional impairment. Br J Psychiatry. 1980 Mar;136:256–269. doi: 10.1192/bjp.136.3.256. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Katzman R. Editorial: The prevalence and malignancy of Alzheimer disease. A major killer. Arch Neurol. 1976 Apr;33(4):217–218. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1976.00500040001001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kim R. C., Collins G. H., Parisi J. E., Wright A. W., Chu Y. B. Familial dementia of adult onset with pathological findings of a 'non-specific' nature. Brain. 1981 Mar;104(Pt 1):61–78. doi: 10.1093/brain/104.1.61. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lauter H. Zur Klinik und Psychopatholgie der Alzheimerschen Krankheit. Erhebungen an 203 pathologisch-anatomisch verifizierten Fällen. Psychiatr Clin (Basel) 1968;1(2):85–108. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lieberman A., Dziatolowski M., Kupersmith M., Serby M., Goodgold A., Korein J., Goldstein M. Dementia in Parkinson Disease. Ann Neurol. 1979 Oct;6(4):355–359. doi: 10.1002/ana.410060409. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marttila R. J., Rinne U. K. Dementia in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Scand. 1976 Nov;54(5):431–441. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04375.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Merskey H., Ball M. J., Blume W. T., Fox A. J., Fox H., Hersch E. L., Kral V. A., Palmer R. B. Relationships between psychological measurements and cerebral organic changes in Alzheimer's disease. Can J Neurol Sci. 1980 Feb;7(1):45–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Müller H. F., Schwartz G. Electroencephalograms and autopsy findings in geropsychiatry. J Gerontol. 1978 Jul;33(4):504–513. doi: 10.1093/geronj/33.4.504. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neumann M. A., Cohn R. Progressive subcortical gliosis, a rare form of presenile dementia. Brain. 1967 Jun;90(2):405–418. doi: 10.1093/brain/90.2.405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nott P. N., Fleminger J. J. Presenile dementia: the difficulties of early diagnosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1975 Mar;51(3):210–217. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb00006.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ROTH M. The natural history of mental disorder in old age. J Ment Sci. 1955 Apr;101(423):281–301. doi: 10.1192/bjp.101.423.281. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosen W. G., Terry R. D., Fuld P. A., Katzman R., Peck A. Pathological verification of ischemic score in differentiation of dementias. Ann Neurol. 1980 May;7(5):486–488. doi: 10.1002/ana.410070516. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosenstock H. A. Alzheimer's presenile dementia. (A review of 11 clinically diagnosed cases). Dis Nerv Syst. 1970 Dec;31(12):826–829. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roth M., Myers D. H. The diagnosis of dementia. Br J Psychiatry. 1975;Spec No 9:87–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sourander P., Wålinder J. Hereditary multi-infarct dementia. Morphological and clinical studies of a new disease. Acta Neuropathol. 1977 Aug 31;39(3):247–254. doi: 10.1007/BF00691704. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stefoski D., Bergen D., Fox J., Morrell F., Huckman M., Ramsey R. Correlation between diffuse EEG abnormalities and cerebral atrophy in senile dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1976 Aug;39(8):751–755. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.39.8.751. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sulkava R. Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of Alzheimer type. A comparative study. Acta Neurol Scand. 1982 Jun;65(6):636–650. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03117.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sulkava R., Amberla K. Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of Alzheimer type. A neuropsychological study. Acta Neurol Scand. 1982 Jun;65(6):651–660. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03118.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tomlinson B. E., Irving D., Blessed G. Cell loss in the locus coeruleus in senile dementia of Alzheimer type. J Neurol Sci. 1981 Mar;49(3):419–428. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(81)90031-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wells C. E. Role of stroke in dementia. Stroke. 1978 Jan-Feb;9(1):1–3. doi: 10.1161/01.str.9.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]