Skip to main content
PMC home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1990 May;93(1):148–153. doi: 10.1104/pp.93.1.148

Phosphatidylethanolamine Synthesis by Castor Bean Endosperm 1

A Base Exchange Reaction

Sungho Shin 1, Thomas S Moore Jr 1
PMCID: PMC1062481  PMID: 16667427

Abstract

A base exchange reaction for synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine by the endoplasmic reticulum of castor bean (Ricinus comminus L. var Hale) endosperm has been examined. The calculated Michaelis-Menten constant of the enzyme for ethanolamine was 5 micromolar and the optimal pH was 7.8 in the presence of 2 millimolar CaCl2. l-Serine, N-methylethanolamine and N,N-dimethylethanolamine all reduced ethanolamine incorporation, while d-serine and myo-inositol had little effect. These inhibitions of ethanolamine incorporation were found to be noncompetitive and ethanolamine also noncompetitively inhibited l-serine incorporation by exchange. The activity of the ethanolamine base exchange enzyme was affected by several detergents, with the best activity being obtained with the zwitterionic defjtergent 3-3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio-2-hydroxyl-1-propanesulfonate.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BLIGH E. G., DYER W. J. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol. 1959 Aug;37(8):911–917. doi: 10.1139/o59-099. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bjerve K. S. The Ca 2+ -dependent biosynthesis of lecithin, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine in rat liver subcellular particles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Mar 8;296(3):549–562. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248–254. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dawidowicz E. A. Dynamics of membrane lipid metabolism and turnover. Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:43–61. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.000355. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. DePierre J. W., Ernster L. Enzyme topology of intracellular membranes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1977;46:201–262. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.46.070177.001221. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dennis E. A., Kennedy E. P. Enzymatic synthesis and decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine in Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Lipid Res. 1970 Sep;11(5):394–403. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gaiti A., De Medio G. E., Brunetti M., Amaducci L., Porcellati G. Properties and function of the calcium-dependent incorporation of choline, ethanolamine and serine into the phospholipids of isolated rat brain microsomes. J Neurochem. 1974 Dec;23(6):1153–1159. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb12212.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hjelmeland L. M., Chrambach A. Solubilization of functional membrane proteins. Methods Enzymol. 1984;104:305–318. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(84)04097-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hoevet S. P., Viswanathan C. V., Lundberg W. O. Fractionation of a natural mixture of alkenyl acyl- and diacyl choline phosphatides by argentation ADSORPTION THIN-layer chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1968 Apr 9;34(2):195–201. doi: 10.1016/0021-9673(68)80036-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KANFER J., KENNEDY E. P. METABOLISM AND FUNCTION OF BACTERIAL LIPIDS. II. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Biol Chem. 1964 Jun;239:1720–1726. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. KENNEDY E. P., WEISS S. B. The function of cytidine coenzymes in the biosynthesis of phospholipides. J Biol Chem. 1956 Sep;222(1):193–214. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kanfer J. N. Base exchange reactions of the phospholipids in rat brain particles. J Lipid Res. 1972 Jul;13(4):468–476. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kinney A. J., Moore T. S. Phosphatidylcholine Synthesis in Castor Bean Endosperm : I. Metabolism of l-Serine. Plant Physiol. 1987 May;84(1):78–81. doi: 10.1104/pp.84.1.78. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Macher B. A., Mudd J. B. Biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine by enzyme preparations from plant tissues. Plant Physiol. 1974 Feb;53(2):171–175. doi: 10.1104/pp.53.2.171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Marshall M. O., Kates M. Biosynthesis of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline in spinach leaves. FEBS Lett. 1973 Apr 15;31(2):199–202. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80102-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Miedema E., Richardson K. E. Ethanolamine metabolism in plant tissues. Plant Physiol. 1966 Jun;41(6):1026–1030. doi: 10.1104/pp.41.6.1026. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Miura T., Kanfer J. Studies on base-exchange reactions of phospholipids in rat brain. Heterogeneity of base-exchange enzymes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1976 Aug;175(2):654–660. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(76)90556-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Moore T. S., Lord J. M., Kagawa T., Beevers H. Enzymes of phospholipid metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum of castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1973 Jul;52(1):50–53. doi: 10.1104/pp.52.1.50. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Moore T. S. Phosphatidylserine synthesis in castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1975 Aug;56(2):177–180. doi: 10.1104/pp.56.2.177. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mudd S. H., Datko A. H. Synthesis of methylated ethanolamine moieties: regulation by choline in soybean and carrot. Plant Physiol. 1989 May;90(1):306–310. doi: 10.1104/pp.90.1.306. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Raghavan S., Rhoads D., Kanfer J. In vitro incorporation of ( 14 C)serine, ( 14 C)ethanolamine, and ( 14 C)choline into phospholipids of neuronal and glial-enriched fractions from rat brain by base exchange. J Biol Chem. 1972 Nov 25;247(22):7153–7156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Saito M., Bourque E., Kanfer J. Studies on base-exchange reactions of phospholipids in rat brain particles and a "solubilized" system. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1975 Jul;169(1):304–317. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(75)90345-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Shin S., Moore T. S. Phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis by castor bean endosperm : membrane bilayer distribution of phosphatidylethanolamine synthesized by the ethanolaminephosphotransferase and ethanolamine exchange reactions. Plant Physiol. 1990 May;93(1):154–159. doi: 10.1104/pp.93.1.154. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sparace S. A., Wagner L. K., Moore T. S. Phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis in castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1981 May;67(5):922–925. doi: 10.1104/pp.67.5.922. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Steiner M. R., Lester R. L. In vitro studies of phospholipid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Feb 21;260(2):222–243. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(72)90035-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Sung C. P., Johnstone R. M. Phosphorylation of choline and ethanolamine in Ehrlich ascites-carcinoma cells. Biochem J. 1967 Nov;105(2):497–503. doi: 10.1042/bj1050497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Suzuki T. T., Kanfer J. N. Purification and properties of an ethanolamine-serine base exchange enzyme of rat brain microsomes. J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 10;260(3):1394–1399. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Vandor S. L., Richardson K. E. Incorporation of ethanolamine-1,2-14C into plant microsomal phospholipids. Can J Biochem. 1968 Oct;46(10):1309–1315. doi: 10.1139/o68-196. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Weinhold P. A., Rethy V. B. Ethanolamine phosphokinase: activity and properties during liver development. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Jul 13;276(1):143–154. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(72)90015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES