Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1985 Mar;77(3):635–641. doi: 10.1104/pp.77.3.635

Cytokinin Metabolism in Phaseolus Embryos 1

Genetic Difference and the Occurrence of Novel Zeatin Metabolites

Yun-Hwa Lee 1,2,3, Machteld C Mok 1,2,3, David W S Mok 1,2,3, Donald A Griffin 1,2,3, Gordon Shaw 1,2,3
PMCID: PMC1064578  PMID: 16664112

Abstract

The metabolism of trans-[8-14C]zeatin was examined in embryos of Phaseolus vulgaris cv Great Northern (GN) and P. lunatus cv Kingston (K) in an attempt to detect genetic variations in organized plant tissues. Metabolites were fractionated by HPLC, and identified by chemical and enzymic tests and GC-MS analyses. Five major metabolites were recovered from P. vulgaris embryo extracts: ribosylzeatin, ribosylzeatin 5′-monophosphate, an O-glucoside of ribosylzeatin, and two novel metabolites, designated as I and II. Based on results of degradation tests and GC-MS analyses, I and II were tentatively identified as O-ribosyl derivatives of zeatin and ribosylzeatin. In embryos of P. lunatus, however, metabolites I and II were not present. The major metabolites were ribosylzeatin, ribosylzeatin 5′-monophosphate, and the O-glucosyl derivatives of zeatin and ribosylzeatin. The zeatin metabolites recovered were the same for embryos of different sizes but their quantities varied with embryo size and incubation time. The genetic differences appear to be embryo-specific and may be useful in the studies of the possible relationship between abnormal interspecific hybrid embryo growth and hormonal derangement in Phaseolus. In addition, analyses of both organized (intact) and unorganized (callus) tissues of the same genotype may provide an opportunity to address the problem of differential expression of genes regulating cytokinin metabolism during plant development.

Full text

PDF
635

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cameron J. M., Hawkins S. E. Nuclear transfer studies of Amoeba proteus after the inhibition of cell division by injection of non-homologous cytoplasm. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Nov 16;55(2):358–363. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)91095-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Capelle S. C., Mok D. W., Kirchner S. C., Mok M. C. Effects of Thidiazuron on Cytokinin Autonomy and the Metabolism of N-(Delta-Isopentenyl)[8-C]Adenosine in Callus Tissues of Phaseolus lunatus L. Plant Physiol. 1983 Nov;73(3):796–802. doi: 10.1104/pp.73.3.796. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Fox J. E., Cornette J., Deleuze G., Dyson W., Giersak C., Niu P., Zapata J., McChesney J. The formation, isolation, and biological activity of a cytokinin 7-glucoside. Plant Physiol. 1973 Dec;52(6):627–632. doi: 10.1104/pp.52.6.627. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. HALL R. H. ISOLATION OF N6-(AMINOACYL)ADENOSINE FROM YEAST RIBONUCLEIC ACID. Biochemistry. 1964 Jun;3:769–773. doi: 10.1021/bi00894a006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Horgan R. A new cytokinin metabolite. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jul 8;65(1):358–363. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(75)80101-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Laloue M., Terrine C., Gawer M. Cytokinins: formation of the nucleoside-5'-triphosphate in tobacco and Acer cells. FEBS Lett. 1974 Sep 15;46(1):45–50. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80331-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Miura G., Hall R. H. trans-Ribosylzeatin: Its Biosynthesis in Zea mays Endosperm and the Mycorrhizal Fungus, Rhizopogon roseolus. Plant Physiol. 1973 Mar;51(3):563–569. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.3.563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Mok M. C., Kim S. G., Armstrong D. J., Mok D. W. Induction of cytokinin autonomy by N,N'-diphenylurea in tissue cultures of Phaseolus lunatus L. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3880–3884. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3880. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Mok M. C., Mok D. W., Armstrong D. J. Differential cytokinin structure-activity relationships in phaseolus. Plant Physiol. 1978 Jan;61(1):72–75. doi: 10.1104/pp.61.1.72. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mok M. C., Mok D. W., Armstrong D. J., Rabakoarihanta A., Kim S. G. Cytokinin autonomy in tissue cultures of phaseolus: a genotype-specific and heritable trait. Genetics. 1980 Mar;94(3):675–686. doi: 10.1093/genetics/94.3.675. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mok M. C., Mok D. W., Dixon S. C., Armstrong D. J., Shaw G. Cytokinin structure-activity relationships and the metabolism of N-(delta-isopentenyl)adenosine-8-C in phaseolus callus tissues. Plant Physiol. 1982 Jul;70(1):173–178. doi: 10.1104/pp.70.1.173. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Robins M. J., Hall R. H., Thedford R. N-6-(delta-3-isopentenyl) adenosine. A component of the transfer ribonucleic acid of yeast and of mammalian tissue, methods of isolation, and characterization. Biochemistry. 1967 Jun;6(6):1837–1848. doi: 10.1021/bi00858a035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Sondheimer E., Tzou D. S. The Metabolism of Hormones during Seed Germination and Dormancy: II. The Metabolism of 8-C-Zeatin in Bean Axes. Plant Physiol. 1971 Apr;47(4):516–520. doi: 10.1104/pp.47.4.516. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Taylor J. S., Koshioka M., Pharis R. P., Sweet G. B. Changes in Cytokinins and Gibberellin-Like Substances in Pinus radiata Buds during Lateral Shoot Initiation and the Characterization of Ribosyl Zeatin and a Novel Ribosyl Zeatin Glycoside. Plant Physiol. 1984 Mar;74(3):626–631. doi: 10.1104/pp.74.3.626. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Whitty C. D., Hall R. H. A cytokinin oxidase in Zea mays. Can J Biochem. 1974 Sep;52(9):789–799. doi: 10.1139/o74-112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES