Abstract
An efficient procedure for the isolation of the complement-system control protein beta 1H (Factor H) from human plasma was developed. The chemical composition and physical characteristics of the protein were studied, and a sequence of 17 amino acid residues at the N-terminus was determined. Factor H is a single-polypeptide-chain glycoprotein of mol.wt. 155 000 containing 9.3% carbohydrate. Factor H is cleaved by plasma proteinases to a two-chain form. This cleavage can be mimicked by trypsin, and the two-chain form retains fully the C3b-inactivator cofactor activity of Factor H. The proteolytic fragments of Factor H are compared with those of other proteins (C4b-binding protein and erythrocyte C3b-receptor) that act as cofactors for C3b-inactivator.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adinolfi M., Dobson N. C., Bradwell A. R. Synthesis of two components of human complement, beta 1H and C3bINA, during fetal life. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981 Sep;70(5):705–710. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1981.tb05772.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Allen A. K., Neuberger A. The quantitation of glucosamine and galactosamine in glycoproteins after hydrolysis in p-toluenesulphonic acid. FEBS Lett. 1975 Dec 1;60(1):76–80. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80422-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BEAVEN G. H., HOLIDAY E. R. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of proteins and amino acids. Adv Protein Chem. 1952;7:319–386. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60022-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Babul J., Stellwagen E. Measurement of protein concentration with interferences optics. Anal Biochem. 1969 Apr 4;28(1):216–221. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90172-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bitter-Suermann D., Burger R., Hadding U. Activation of the alternative pathway of complement: efficient fluid-phase amplification by blockade of the regulatory complement protein beta1H through sulfated polyanions. Eur J Immunol. 1981 Apr;11(4):291–295. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830110405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Charlesworth J. A., Scott D. M., Pussell B. A., Peters D. K. Metabolism of human beta 1H: studies in man and experimental animals. Clin Exp Immunol. 1979 Dec;38(3):397–404. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Conrad D. H., Carlo J. R., Ruddy S. Interaction of beta1H globulin with cell-bound C3b: quantitative analysis of binding and influence of alternative pathway components on binding. J Exp Med. 1978 Jun 1;147(6):1792–1805. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.6.1792. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dahlbäck B., Stenflo J. High molecular weight complex in human plasma between vitamin K-dependent protein S and complement component C4b-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2512–2516. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.4.2512. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Deutsch D. G., Mertz E. T. Plasminogen: purification from human plasma by affinity chromatography. Science. 1970 Dec 4;170(3962):1095–1096. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3962.1095. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fearon D. T. Regulation of the amplification C3 convertase of human complement by an inhibitory protein isolated from human erythrocyte membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5867–5871. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5867. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fujita T., Nussenzweig V. The role of C4-binding protein and beta 1H in proteolysis of C4b and C3b. J Exp Med. 1979 Aug 1;150(2):267–276. doi: 10.1084/jem.150.2.267. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gardner W. D., White P. J., Hoch S. O. Identification of a major human serum DNA-binding protein as beta 1H of the alternative pathway of complement activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 May 14;94(1):61–67. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(80)80187-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gigli I., Porter R. R., Sim R. B. The unactivated form of the first component of human complement, C1. Biochem J. 1976 Sep 1;157(3):541–548. doi: 10.1042/bj1570541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harrison R. A., Lachmann P. J. An improved purification procedure for the third component of complement and beta 1H globulin from human serum. Mol Immunol. 1979 Oct;16(10):767–776. doi: 10.1016/0161-5890(79)90154-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harrison R. A., Lachmann P. J. The physiological breakdown of the third component of human complement. Mol Immunol. 1980 Jan;17(1):9–20. doi: 10.1016/0161-5890(80)90119-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hsiung L., Barclay A. N., Brandon M. R., Sim E., Porter R. R. Purification of human C3b inactivator by monoclonal-antibody affinity chromatography. Biochem J. 1982 Apr 1;203(1):293–298. doi: 10.1042/bj2030293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Iida K., Nussenzweig V. Complement receptor is an inhibitor of the complement cascade. J Exp Med. 1981 May 1;153(5):1138–1150. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.5.1138. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson D. M., Gagnon J., Reid K. B. Factor D of the alternative pathway of human complement. Purification, alignment and N-terminal amino acid sequences of the major cyanogen bromide fragments, and localization of the serine residue at the active site. Biochem J. 1980 Jun 1;187(3):863–874. doi: 10.1042/bj1870863. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kisiel W., Ericsson L. H., Davie E. W. Proteolytic activation of protein C from bovine plasma. Biochemistry. 1976 Nov 2;15(22):4893–4900. doi: 10.1021/bi00667a022. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NILSSON U. R., MUELLER-EBERHARD H. J. ISOLATION OF BETA IF-GLOBULIN FROM HUMAN SERUM AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION AS THE FIFTH COMPONENT OF COMPLEMENT. J Exp Med. 1965 Aug 1;122:277–298. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.2.277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nagaki K., Iida K., Okubo M., Inai S. Reaction mechanisms of beta1H globulin. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1978;57(3):221–232. doi: 10.1159/000232106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nagasawa S., Stroud R. M. Mechanism of action of the C3b inactivator: requirement for a high molecular weight cofactor (C3b-C4bINA cofactor) and production of a new C3b derivative (C3b'). Immunochemistry. 1977 Nov-Dec;14(11-12):749–756. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(77)90345-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pangburn M. K., Müller-Eberhard H. J. Complement C3 convertase: cell surface restriction of beta1H control and generation of restriction on neuraminidase-treated cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2416–2420. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2416. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reid K. B., Gagnon J. Human C4-binding protein: N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and limited proteolysis by trypsin. FEBS Lett. 1982 Jan 11;137(1):75–79. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80318-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reid K. B., Porter R. R. The proteolytic activation systems of complement. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:433–464. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002245. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shapiro S. S., Waugh D. F. The purification of human prothrombin. Thromb Diath Haemorrh. 1966 Dec 1;16(3):468–490. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sim E., Sim R. B. Binding of fluid-phase complement components C3 and C3b to human lymphocytes. Biochem J. 1981 Sep 15;198(3):509–518. doi: 10.1042/bj1980509. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sim E., Wood A. B., Hsiung L. M., Sim R. B. Pattern of degradation of human complement fragment, C3b. FEBS Lett. 1981 Sep 14;132(1):55–60. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80426-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sim R. B., Sim E. Autolytic fragmentation of complement components C3 and C4 under denaturing conditions, a property shared with alpha 2-macroglobulin. Biochem J. 1981 Jan 1;193(1):129–141. doi: 10.1042/bj1930129. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sim R. B., Twose T. M., Paterson D. S., Sim E. The covalent-binding reaction of complement component C3. Biochem J. 1981 Jan 1;193(1):115–127. doi: 10.1042/bj1930115. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WARREN L. The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids. J Biol Chem. 1959 Aug;234(8):1971–1975. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiler J. M., Daha M. R., Austen K. F., Fearon D. T. Control of the amplification convertase of complement by the plasma protein beta1H. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Sep;73(9):3268–3272. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.9.3268. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whaley K., Ruddy S. Modulation of C3b hemolytic activity by a plasma protein distinct from C3b inactivator. Science. 1976 Sep 10;193(4257):1011–1013. doi: 10.1126/science.948757. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whaley K., Ruddy S. Modulation of the alternative complement pathways by beta 1 H globulin. J Exp Med. 1976 Nov 2;144(5):1147–1163. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.5.1147. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- YPHANTIS D. A. EQUILIBRIUM ULTRACENTRIFUGATION OF DILUTE SOLUTIONS. Biochemistry. 1964 Mar;3:297–317. doi: 10.1021/bi00891a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]