Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1968 Sep;109(3):389–398. doi: 10.1042/bj1090389

Choline acetyltransferase binding to and release from membranes

F Fonnum 1
PMCID: PMC1186833  PMID: 5685862

Abstract

1. The binding of non-occluded choline acetyltransferase to synaptosome membranes is a reversible process that is primarily dependent on the pH and ionic strength of the suspending medium. 2. The distribution of soluble enzyme bound to synaptosome membranes was studied by density-gradient centrifuging. 3. Choline acetyltransferase shows enzyme activity both in the free and in the membrane-bound form. 4. Varying the temperature or prolonged hypo-osmotic treatment does not release the membrane-bound enzyme. 5. The release of choline acetyltransferase from membranes by different anions, thiols, adenosine nucleotides and enzyme substrates was studied.

Full text

PDF
390

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barker L. A., Amaro J., Guth P. S. Release of acetylcholine from isolated synaptic vesicles. I. Methods for determining the amount released. Biochem Pharmacol. 1967 Nov;16(11):2181–2187. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(67)90017-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. COLEMAN J. R., HERRMANN H., BESS B. BIOSYNTHESIS OF COLLAGEN AND NON-COLLAGEN PROTEIN DURING DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHICK CORNEA. J Cell Biol. 1965 Apr;25:69–78. doi: 10.1083/jcb.25.1.69. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DE ROBERTIS E., PELLEGRINO DE IRALDI A., RODRIGUEZ DE LORES GARNAIZ G., SALGANICOFF L. Cholinergic and non-cholinergic nerve endings in rat brain. I. Isolation and subcellular distribution of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase. J Neurochem. 1962 Jan-Feb;9:23–35. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1962.tb07489.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fonnum F. A radiochemical method for the estimation of choline acetyltransferase. Biochem J. 1966 Aug;100(2):479–484. doi: 10.1042/bj1000479. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fonnum F. Is choline acetyltransferase present in synaptic vesicles? Biochem Pharmacol. 1966 Oct;15(10):1641–1643. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(66)90216-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fonnum F. The 'compartmentation' of choline acetyltransferase within the synaptosome. Biochem J. 1967 Apr;103(1):262–270. doi: 10.1042/bj1030262. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fonnum F. The distribution of glutamate decarboxylase and aspartate transaminase in subcellular fractions of rat and guinea-pig brain. Biochem J. 1968 Jan;106(2):401–412. doi: 10.1042/bj1060401. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HEBB C. O., WHITTAKER V. P. Intracellular distributions of acetylcholine and choline acetylase. J Physiol. 1958 Jun 18;142(1):187–196. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1958.sp006008. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. JOHNSON M. K., WHITTAKER V. P. LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE AS A CYTOPLASMIC MARKER IN BRAIN. Biochem J. 1963 Sep;88:404–409. doi: 10.1042/bj0880404. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MCCAMAN R. E., HUNT J. M. MICRODETERMINATION OF CHOLINE ACETYLASE IN NERVOUS TISSUE. J Neurochem. 1965 Apr;12:253–259. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1965.tb06762.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Marchbanks R. M. Exchangeability of radioactive acetylcholine with the bound acetylcholine of synaptosomes and synaptic vesicles. Biochem J. 1968 Jan;106(1):87–95. doi: 10.1042/bj1060087. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McCaman R. E., Rodríguez de Lores G., De Robertis E. Species differences in subcellular distribution of choline acetylase in the CNS. A study of choline acetylase, acetylcholinesterase, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, and monoamine oxidase in four species. J Neurochem. 1965 Nov;12(11):927–935. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1965.tb11936.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Morris D. The effect of sulphydryl and other disulphide reducing agents on choline acetyltransferase activity estimated with synthetic acetyl-CoA. J Neurochem. 1967 Jan;14(1):19–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1967.tb09489.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. SALGANICOFF L., DEROBERTIS E. SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF THE ENZYMES OF THE GLUTAMIC ACID, GLUTAMINE AND GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID CYCLES IN RAT BRAIN. J Neurochem. 1965 Apr;12:287–309. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1965.tb06766.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Sellinger O. Z., Verster F. de B., Sullivan R. J., Lamar C., Jr Morphological and biochemical correlates of cerebral microsomes. II. A study of the structural association of glutamine synthetase, ATPase, and an esterase acting on o-nitrophenyl acetate. J Neurochem. 1966 Jun;13(6):501–513. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1966.tb09865.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Susz J. P., Haber B., Roberts E. Purification and some properties of mouse brain L-glutamic decarboxylase. Biochemistry. 1966 Sep;5(9):2870–2877. doi: 10.1021/bi00873a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. WHITTAKER V. P., SHERIDAN M. N. THE MORPHOLOGY AND ACETYLCHOLINE CONTENT OF ISOLATED CEREBRAL CORTICAL SYNAPTIC VESICLES. J Neurochem. 1965 May;12:363–372. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1965.tb04237.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. WHITTAKER V. P. The isolation and characterization of acetylcholine-containing particles from brain. Biochem J. 1959 Aug;72:694–706. doi: 10.1042/bj0720694. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Whittaker V. P., Michaelson I. A., Kirkland R. J. The separation of synaptic vesicles from nerve-ending particles ('synaptosomes'). Biochem J. 1964 Feb;90(2):293–303. doi: 10.1042/bj0900293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Whittaker V. P. The morphology of fractions of rat forebrain synaptosomes separated on continuous sucrose density gradients. Biochem J. 1968 Jan;106(2):412–417. doi: 10.1042/bj1060412. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES