Abstract
The transcriptional activator NUC-1 controls the transcription of the genes for phosphorus acquisition enzymes, and its activity is regulated by the negative regulatory factors, PREG and PGOV. In this report, we describe the cloning and molecular analysis of the preg(+) gene. In Neurospora crassa, as in higher eukaryotes, transformation frequently results in nonhomologous integration of transforming DNA. Insertion of transforming DNA into host genes mutates the gene and provides a molecular tag for cloning it. We obtained two mutants that have an insertion in the preg(+) and pgov(+) genes, respectively, among 2 X 10(5) transformants. The preg(+) gene was cloned by screening a Neurospora genomic DNA library with DNA sequences flanking the transforming DNA of the rescued plasmid. Northern analysis showed that the transcription of the preg(+) gene is not regulated by phosphate. The carboxy-terminal half of PREG shows strong homology with Saccharomyces cerevisiae PHO80 whose function is analogous to that of PREG. The preg(c) mutations are located in the well conserved residues which may directly interact with the residues in the regulatory domain of NUC-1.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (3.4 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Akins R. A., Lambowitz A. M. General method for cloning Neurospora crassa nuclear genes by complementation of mutants. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;5(9):2272–2278. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.9.2272. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bingham P. M., Levis R., Rubin G. M. Cloning of DNA sequences from the white locus of D. melanogaster by a novel and general method. Cell. 1981 Sep;25(3):693–704. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90176-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Diallinas G., Scazzocchio C. A gene coding for the uric acid-xanthine permease of Aspergillus nidulans: inactivational cloning, characterization, and sequence of a cis-acting mutation. Genetics. 1989 Jun;122(2):341–350. doi: 10.1093/genetics/122.2.341. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feldmann K. A., Marks M. D., Christianson M. L., Quatrano R. S. A Dwarf Mutant of Arabidopsis Generated by T-DNA Insertion Mutagenesis. Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1351–1354. doi: 10.1126/science.243.4896.1351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hasunuma K. Repressible extracellular nucleases in Neurospora crassa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Sep 7;319(3):288–293. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(73)90168-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnston S. A., Salmeron J. M., Jr, Dincher S. S. Interaction of positive and negative regulatory proteins in the galactose regulon of yeast. Cell. 1987 Jul 3;50(1):143–146. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90671-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kang S., Metzenberg R. L. Molecular analysis of nuc-1+, a gene controlling phosphorus acquisition in Neurospora crassa. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Nov;10(11):5839–5848. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.11.5839. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kinnaird J. H., Keighren M. A., Kinsey J. A., Eaton M., Fincham J. R. Cloning of the am (glutamate dehydrogenase) gene of Neurospora crassa through the use of a synthetic DNA probe. Gene. 1982 Dec;20(3):387–396. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90207-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Littlewood B. S., Chia W., Metzenberg R. L. Genetic control of phosphate-metabolizing enzymes in Neurospora crassa: relationships among regulatory mutations. Genetics. 1975 Mar;79(3):419–434. doi: 10.1093/genetics/79.3.419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowendorf H. S., Slayman C. W. Genetic regulation of phosphate transport system II in Neurospora. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Nov 17;413(1):95–103. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(75)90061-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ma J., Ptashne M. The carboxy-terminal 30 amino acids of GAL4 are recognized by GAL80. Cell. 1987 Jul 3;50(1):137–142. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90670-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mann B. J., Bowman B. J., Grotelueschen J., Metzenberg R. L. Nucleotide sequence of pho-4+, encoding a phosphate-repressible phosphate permease of Neurospora crassa. Gene. 1989 Nov 30;83(2):281–289. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90114-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martin C., Carpenter R., Sommer H., Saedler H., Coen E. S. Molecular analysis of instability in flower pigmentation of Antirrhinum majus, following isolation of the pallida locus by transposon tagging. EMBO J. 1985 Jul;4(7):1625–1630. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03829.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Metzenberg R. L., Chia W. Genetic control of phosphorus assimilation in Neurospora crassa: dose-dependent dominance and recessiveness in constitutive mutants. Genetics. 1979 Nov;93(3):625–643. doi: 10.1093/genetics/93.3.625. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Metzenberg R. L., Gleason M. K., Littlewood B. S. Genetic control of alkaline phosphatase synthesis in Neurospora: the use of partial diploids in dominance studies. Genetics. 1974 May;77(1):25–43. doi: 10.1093/genetics/77.1.25. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Metzenberg R. L., Stevens J. N., Selker E. U., Morzycka-Wroblewska E. Identification and chromosomal distribution of 5S rRNA genes in Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):2067–2071. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.7.2067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murre C., McCaw P. S., Vaessin H., Caudy M., Jan L. Y., Jan Y. N., Cabrera C. V., Buskin J. N., Hauschka S. D., Lassar A. B. Interactions between heterologous helix-loop-helix proteins generate complexes that bind specifically to a common DNA sequence. Cell. 1989 Aug 11;58(3):537–544. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90434-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ogawa N., Oshima Y. Functional domains of a positive regulatory protein, PHO4, for transcriptional control of the phosphatase regulon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2224–2236. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.2224. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okada H., Toh-e A. A novel mutation occurring in the PHO80 gene suppresses the PHO4c mutations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet. 1992 Feb;21(2):95–99. doi: 10.1007/BF00318466. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orbach M. J., Schneider W. P., Yanofsky C. Cloning of methylated transforming DNA from Neurospora crassa in Escherichia coli. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2211–2213. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2211. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orbach M. J., Vollrath D., Davis R. W., Yanofsky C. An electrophoretic karyotype of Neurospora crassa. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1469–1473. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1469. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perkins D. D., Radford A., Newmeyer D., Björkman M. Chromosomal loci of Neurospora crassa. Microbiol Rev. 1982 Dec;46(4):426–570. doi: 10.1128/mr.46.4.426-570.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Russell P. J., Wagner S., Rodland K. D., Feinbaum R. L., Russell J. P., Bret-Harte M. S., Free S. J., Metzenberg R. L. Organization of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes in various wild-type strains and wild-collected strains of Neurospora. Mol Gen Genet. 1984;196(2):275–282. doi: 10.1007/BF00328060. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schmidt R. J., Burr F. A., Burr B. Transposon tagging and molecular analysis of the maize regulatory locus opaque-2. Science. 1987 Nov 13;238(4829):960–963. doi: 10.1126/science.2823388. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Toh-E A., Ishikawa T. Genetic control of the synthesis of repressible phosphatases in Neurospora crassa. Genetics. 1971 Nov;69(3):339–351. doi: 10.1093/genetics/69.3.339. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Toh-e A., Shimauchi T. Cloning and sequencing of the PHO80 gene and CEN15 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast. 1986 Jun;2(2):129–139. doi: 10.1002/yea.320020209. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vapnek D., Hautala J. A., Jacobson J. W., Giles N. H., Kushner S. R. Expression in Escherichia coli K-12 of the structural gene for catabolic dehydroquinase of Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Aug;74(8):3508–3512. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.8.3508. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vollmer S. J., Yanofsky C. Efficient cloning of genes of Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4869–4873. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.13.4869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]