Skip to main content
PMC home page
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research logoLink to Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
. 1995 Apr;59(2):87–93.

The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in a population of feedlot calves in western Canada.

L F Taylor 1, J Van Donkersgoed 1, E J Dubovi 1, R J Harland 1, J V van den Hurk 1, C S Ribble 1, E D Janzen 1
PMCID: PMC1263744  PMID: 7648532

Abstract

The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was examined in a population of 5129 recently weaned steer calves entering a large feedlot in central Saskatchewan from September to December 1991. Serum samples were collected within 24 h of arrival at the feedlot from every fifth calf processed and again 96 d postarrival. A microtiter virus isolation test was used to determine the prevalence of calves viremic with BVDV on entry to the feedlot. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which detects antibody against glycoprotein 53 of the BVDV was used on paired sera to determine the seroconversion risk during the first 96 d in the feedlot. A virus neutralization (VN) test for BVDV was conducted on a sub-sample of paired sera to measure agreement in determination of seroconversion risk with the ELISA. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test which detects BVDV was used to determine if cattle were acutely viremic when treated for disease. The estimated prevalence of persistently infected calves in this population was < 0.1%. The seroconversion risk for BVDV was 27% (236/864) according to the ELISA and it varied from 0 to 63% among the 20 pens sampled. According to the VN test, the seroconversion risk for BVDV was 40% (132/327) and it varied from 0 to 100% among the 11 pens tested. The agreement between the ELISA and VN tests in seroconversion risk to BVDV was very poor (kappa = 0.15 +/- 0.039 SE). The prevalence of acute viremia in calves treated at the feedlot hospital was low at 4% (6/149).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Full text

PDF
90

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baker J. C. Clinical aspects of bovine virus diarrhoea virus infection. Rev Sci Tech. 1990 Mar;9(1):25–41. doi: 10.20506/rst.9.1.492. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bezek D. M., Mechor G. D. Identification and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus in a persistently infected dairy herd. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992 Aug 15;201(4):580–586. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bolin S. R., Littledike E. T., Ridpath J. F. Serologic detection and practical consequences of antigenic diversity among bovine viral diarrhea viruses in a vaccinated herd. Am J Vet Res. 1991 Jul;52(7):1033–1037. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bolin S. R., McClurkin A. W., Coria M. F. Effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus on the percentages and absolute numbers of circulating B and T lymphocytes in cattle. Am J Vet Res. 1985 Apr;46(4):884–886. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bolin S. R., McClurkin A. W., Coria M. F. Frequency of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in selected cattle herds. Am J Vet Res. 1985 Nov;46(11):2385–2387. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bolin S. R., Ridpath J. F. Differences in virulence between two noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses in calves. Am J Vet Res. 1992 Nov;53(11):2157–2163. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Donis R. O., Corapi W., Dubovi E. J. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus bind to the 56K to 58K glycoprotein. J Gen Virol. 1988 Jan;69(Pt 1):77–86. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-69-1-77. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Donis R. O., Dubovi E. J. Molecular specificity of the antibody responses of cattle naturally and experimentally infected with cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus biotypes. Am J Vet Res. 1987 Nov;48(11):1549–1554. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Durham P. J., Hassard L. E. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus. Vet Microbiol. 1990 Mar;22(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(90)90118-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Horner G. W., Orr D. M. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against bovine pestivirus. N Z Vet J. 1993 Sep;41(3):123–125. doi: 10.1080/00480169.1993.35749. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kelling C. L., Stine L. C., Rump K. K., Parker R. E., Kennedy J. E., Stone R. T., Ross G. S. Investigation of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in a range beef cattle herd. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990 Sep 1;197(5):589–593. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lopez A., Maxie M. G., Ruhnke L., Savan M., Thomson R. G. Cellular inflammatory response in the lungs of calves exposed to bovine viral diarrhea virus, Mycoplasma bovis, and Pasteurella haemolytica. Am J Vet Res. 1986 Jun;47(6):1283–1286. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lopez A., Maxie M. G., Savan M., Ruhnke H. L., Thomson R. G., Barnum D. A., Geissinger H. D. The pulmonary clearance of Pasteurella haemolytica in calves infected with bovine virus diarrhea or Mycoplasma bovis. Can J Comp Med. 1982 Jul;46(3):302–306. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Martin S. W., Bateman K. G., Shewen P. E., Rosendal S., Bohac J. E. The frequency, distribution and effects of antibodies, to seven putative respiratory pathogens, on respiratory disease and weight gain in feedlot calves in Ontario. Can J Vet Res. 1989 Jul;53(3):355–362. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Martin S. W., Bateman K. G., Shewen P. E., Rosendal S., Bohac J. G., Thorburn M. A group level analysis of the associations between antibodies to seven putative pathogens and respiratory disease and weight gain in Ontario feedlot calves. Can J Vet Res. 1990 Jun;54(3):337–342. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Martin S. W., Bohac J. G. The association between serological titers in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine virus diarrhea virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, respiratory syncytial virus and treatment for respiratory disease in Ontario feedlot calves. Can J Vet Res. 1986 Jul;50(3):351–358. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Meyling A., Houe H., Jensen A. M. Epidemiology of bovine virus diarrhoea virus. Rev Sci Tech. 1990 Mar;9(1):75–93. doi: 10.20506/rst.9.1.489. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Potgieter L. N., McCracken M. D., Hopkins F. M., Guy J. S. Comparison of the pneumopathogenicity of two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus. Am J Vet Res. 1985 Jan;46(1):151–153. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Potgieter L. N., McCracken M. D., Hopkins F. M., Walker R. D. Effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on the distribution of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in calves. Am J Vet Res. 1984 Apr;45(4):687–690. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Potgieter L. N., McCracken M. D., Hopkins F. M., Walker R. D., Guy J. S. Experimental production of bovine respiratory tract disease with bovine viral diarrhea virus. Am J Vet Res. 1984 Aug;45(8):1582–1585. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Radostits O. M., Littlejohns I. R. New concepts in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and control of diseases caused by the bovine viral diarrhea virus. Can Vet J. 1988 Jun;29(6):513–528. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Reggiardo C., Kaeberle M. L. Detection of bacteremia in cattle inoculated with bovine viral diarrhea virus. Am J Vet Res. 1981 Feb;42(2):218–221. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Roth J. A., Kaeberle M. L., Griffith R. W. Effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. Am J Vet Res. 1981 Feb;42(2):244–250. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Ward P., Misra V. Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus, using degenerate oligonucleotide primers and the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Vet Res. 1991 Aug;52(8):1231–1236. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wilhelmsen C. L., Bolin S. R., Ridpath J. F., Cheville N. F., Kluge J. P. Experimental primary postnatal bovine viral diarrhea viral infections in six-month-old calves. Vet Pathol. 1990 Jul;27(4):235–243. doi: 10.1177/030098589002700404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wilhelmsen C. L., Bolin S. R., Ridpath J. F., Cheville N. F., Kluge J. P. Lesions and localization of viral antigen in tissues of cattle with experimentally induced or naturally acquired mucosal disease, or with naturally acquired chronic bovine viral diarrhea. Am J Vet Res. 1991 Feb;52(2):269–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. van den Hurk J. V. Characterization of the structural proteins of hemorrhagic enteritis virus. Arch Virol. 1992;126(1-4):195–213. doi: 10.1007/BF01309695. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES