Skip to main content
PMC home page
Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine logoLink to Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine
. 1977 Oct;41(4):435–445.

Detection and Localization of Aleutian Disease Virus and its Antigens in vivo by Immunoferritin Technique

M S Shahrabadi, H J Cho
PMCID: PMC1277745  PMID: 200318

Abstract

Tissues from mink infected with aleutian disease virus were examined by the electron microscope for the presence of virus particles. Virus-like particles, measuring 22 nm in diameter, were observed in macrophages of spleen, mesenteric lymph node and in Kupffer cells in liver of mink ten to 13 days after infection. The virus-like particles were usually present in vacuoles inside the cytoplasm of macrophages and Kupffer cells and, occasionally, similar particles were observed inside the nucleus. Cells from uninfected mink did not contain such patricles. To correlate the existence of these virus-like particles with the presence of aleutian disease virus antigen in infected cells, tissues were processed for immunoferritin technique. It was found that aleutian disease virus antigen was present in vacuoles inside the cytoplasm of cells from the infected spleen, lymph node and liver, and that the location was similar to that of the 22 nm virus-like particles. In addition, some viral antigen was also detected as cytoplasmic granular material. The nuclei of some cells also contained aleutian disease virus antigen. The pattern of aleutian disease virus antigen was similar to the distribution of virus-like particles in cells of infected tissue. It is suggested that virus replication occurs inside the nucleus with subsequent accumulation of virus in the vacuoles of the cytoplasm.

Full text

PDF
435

Images in this article

438Fig. 1.
on p.438
439Fig. 2.
on p.439
440Fig. 3.
on p.440
441Fig. 4.
on p.441
442Fig. 5.
on p.442
443Fig. 6.
on p.443
444Fig. 7.
on p.444

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BENACERRAF B., SEBESTYEN M., COOPER N. S. The clearance of antigen antibody complexes from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system. J Immunol. 1959 Feb;82(2):131–137. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chesebro B., Bloom M., Hadlow W., Race R. Purification and ultrastructure of Aleutian disease virus of mink. Nature. 1975 Apr 3;254(5499):456–457. doi: 10.1038/254456a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cho H. J., Ingram D. G. Antigen and antibody in Aleutian disease in mink. I. Precipitation reaction by agar-gel electrophoresis. J Immunol. 1972 Feb;108(2):555–557. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cho H. J., Ingram D. G. Isolation, purification and structure of Aleutian disease virus by immunological techniques. Nat New Biol. 1973 Jun 6;243(127):174–176. doi: 10.1038/newbio243174a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. FISHMAN M., ADLER F. L. Antibody formation initiated in vitro. II. Antibody synthesis in x-irradiated recipients of diffusion chambers containing nucleic acid derived from macrophages incubated with antigen. J Exp Med. 1963 Apr 1;117:595–602. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.4.595. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ingram D. G., Cho H. J. Aleutian disease in mink: virology, immunology and pathogenesis. J Rheumatol. 1974 Mar;1(1):74–92. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Karstad L., Pridham T. J. Aleutian Disease of Mink: I. Evidence of its Viral Etiology. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1962 May;26(5):97–102. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kenyon A. J., Gander J. E., Lopez C., Good R. A. Isolation of Aleutian mink disease virus by affinity chromatography. Science. 1973 Jan 12;179(4069):187–189. doi: 10.1126/science.179.4069.187. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Leduc E. H., Bernhard W. Recent modifications of the glycol methacrylate embedding procedure. J Ultrastruct Res. 1967 Jul;19(1):196–199. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(67)80068-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McGuire T. C., Crawford T. B., Henson J. B., Gorham J. R. Aleutian disease of mink: detection of large quantities of complement-fixing antibody to viral antigen. J Immunol. 1971 Nov;107(5):1481–1482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Nicolson G. L., Marchesi V. T., Singer S. J. The localization of spectrin on the inner surface of human red blood cell membranes by ferritin-conjugated antibodies. J Cell Biol. 1971 Oct;51(1):265–272. doi: 10.1083/jcb.51.1.265. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Notani G. W., Hahn E. C., Sarkar N. H., Kenyon A. J. Characterisation of Aleutian disease antigens. Nature. 1976 May 6;261(5555):56–58. doi: 10.1038/261056a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pan I. C., Tsai K. S., Karstad L. Glomerulonephritis in Aleutian disease of mink: histological and immunofluorescence studies. J Pathol. 1970 Jun;101(2):119–127. doi: 10.1002/path.1711010207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Porter D. D., Larsen A. E. Aleutian disease of mink. Prog Med Virol. 1974;18(0):32–47. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Porter D. D., Larsen A. E., Cox N. A., Porter H. G., Suffin S. C. Isolation of Aleutian disease virus of mink in cell culture. Intervirology. 1977;8(3):129–144. doi: 10.1159/000148888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Porter D. D., Larsen A. E., Porter H. G. The pathogenesis of Aleutian disease of mink. 3. Immune complex arteritis. Am J Pathol. 1973 May;71(2):331–344. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Porter D. D., Larsen A. E., Porter H. G. The pathogenesis of Aleutian disease of mink. I. In vivo viral replication and the host antibody response to viral antigen. J Exp Med. 1969 Sep 1;130(3):575–593. doi: 10.1084/jem.130.3.575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Porter D. D., Larsen A. E., Porter H. G. The pathogenesis of Aleutian disease of mink. II. Enhancement of tissue lesions following the administration of a killed virus vaccine or passive antibody. J Immunol. 1972 Jul;109(1):1–7. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Shahrabadi M. S., Cho H. J., Marusyk R. G. Characterization of the protein and nucleic acid of Aleutian disease virus. J Virol. 1977 Aug;23(2):353–362. doi: 10.1128/jvi.23.2.353-362.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Shahrabadi M. S., Yamamoto T. A method for staining intracellular antigens in thin sections with ferritin-labeled antibody. J Cell Biol. 1971 Jul;50(1):246–250. doi: 10.1083/jcb.50.1.246. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shahrabadi M. S., Yamamoto T. Localization of canine adenovirus capsid antigens in a MDCK cell line by immunoferritin and immunofluorescent techniques. Can J Microbiol. 1972 Aug;18(8):1299–1305. doi: 10.1139/m72-200. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tsai K. S., Grinyer I., Pan I. C., Karstad L. Electron microscopic observation of crystalline arrays of virus-like particles in tissues of mink with Aleutian disease. Can J Microbiol. 1969 Jan;15(1):138–140. doi: 10.1139/m69-025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Unanue E. R., Askonas B. A. The immune response of mice to antigen in macrophages. Immunology. 1968 Aug;15(2):287–296. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Ward P. A. Chemotoxis of mononuclear cells. J Exp Med. 1968 Nov 1;128(5):1201–1221. doi: 10.1084/jem.128.5.1201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Yoon J. W., Dunker A. K., Kenyon A. J. Characterization of Aleutian mink disease virus. Virology. 1975 Apr;64(2):575–580. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(75)90137-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES