Skip to main content
Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine logoLink to Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine
. 1970 Apr;34(2):105–110.

Pathogenic Microorganisms in Soil: An Old Problem in a New Perspective

M M Garcia 1, K A McKay 1
PMCID: PMC1319510  PMID: 4245786

Abstract

Early investigations on the survival of pathogenic bacteria in soil have been directed mainly to changes in the numbers of viable populations. More reliable techniques to assess the physiological, biochemical and pathogenic capabilities of such organisms are necessary to gain a better understanding of the nature of the diseases they cause and ultimately of the means to control them.

Full text

PDF
106

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ajello L. Comparative ecology of respiratory mycotic disease agents. Bacteriol Rev. 1967 Mar;31(1):6–24. doi: 10.1128/br.31.1.6-24.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Alexander M. Biodegradation: problems of molecular recalcitrance and microbial fallibility. Adv Appl Microbiol. 1965;7:35–80. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70383-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Alexander M. Possible contamination of earth by lunar or martian life. Nature. 1969 May 3;222(5192):432–433. doi: 10.1038/222432a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beard P. J. Longevity of Eberthella Typhosus in Various Soils. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1940 Sep;30(9):1077–1082. doi: 10.2105/ajph.30.9.1077. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. CASIDA L. E., Jr ABUNDANT MICROORGANISM IN SOIL. Appl Microbiol. 1965 May;13:327–334. doi: 10.1128/am.13.3.327-334.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. CATER J. C., REDMOND W. B. Isolation of and studies on bacteriophage active against mycobacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1961 Oct;7:697–703. doi: 10.1139/m61-083. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Calkins H. E., Scrivner L. H. Isolation of Sphaerophorus necrophorus from Bovine Liver Abscesses. Appl Microbiol. 1967 Nov;15(6):1492–1493. doi: 10.1128/am.15.6.1492-1493.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Costantino R. F., Bell A. E., Rogler J. C. Genetic control of lipid metabolism in Tribolium. Nature. 1966 Apr 9;210(5032):221–222. doi: 10.1038/210221b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. FREEMAN V. J. Studies on the virulence of bacteriophage-infected strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. J Bacteriol. 1951 Jun;61(6):675–688. doi: 10.1128/jb.61.6.675-688.1951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. FROMAN S., WILL D. W., BOGEN E. Bacteriophage active against virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. I. Isolation and activity. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1954 Oct;44(10):1326–1333. doi: 10.2105/ajph.44.10.1326. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Garcia M. M., McKay K. A. On the growth and survival of Clostridium septicum in soil. J Appl Bacteriol. 1969 Sep;32(3):362–370. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1969.tb00985.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gledhill W. E., Casida L. E., Jr Predominant catalase-negative soil bacteria. I. Streptococcal population indigenous to soil. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Feb;17(2):208–213. doi: 10.1128/am.17.2.208-213.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gledhill W. E., Casida L. E., Jr Predominant catalase-negative soil bacteria. II. Occurrence and characterization of Actinomyces humiferus, sp. N. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Jul;18(1):114–121. doi: 10.1128/am.18.1.114-121.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Klein D. A., Casida L. E., Jr Escherichia coli die-out from normal soil as related to nutrient availability and the indigenous microflora. Can J Microbiol. 1967 Nov;13(11):1461–1470. doi: 10.1139/m67-194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Klein D. A., Casida L. E., Jr Occurrence and enumeration of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in soil capable of parasitizing Escherichia coli and indigenous soil bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1967 Sep;13(9):1235–1241. doi: 10.1139/m67-168. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. MALLMANN W. L., LITSKY W. Survival of selected enteric organisms in various types of soil. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1951 Jan;41(1):38–44. doi: 10.2105/ajph.41.1.38. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. MANKIEWICZ E. Morphological and biological properties of a strain of chromogenic acid-fast bacteria and of its phage-immune variant. J Gen Microbiol. 1961 Jan;24:63–68. doi: 10.1099/00221287-24-1-63. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. MCCALLA T. M., HASKINS F. A. PHYTOTOXIC SUBSTANCES FROM SOIL MICROORGANISMS AND CROP RESIDUES. Bacteriol Rev. 1964 Jun;28:181–207. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Medrek T. F., Litsky W. Comparative Incidence of Coliform Bacteria and Enterococci in Undisturbed Soil. Appl Microbiol. 1960 Jan;8(1):60–63. doi: 10.1128/am.8.1.60-63.1960. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. NISHIDA S., NAKAGAWARA G. ISOLATION OF TOXIGENIC STRAINS OF CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI FROM SOIL. J Bacteriol. 1964 Dec;88:1636–1640. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.6.1636-1640.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. NISHIDA S., NAKAGAWARA G. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOXIGENICITY AND SPORULATING POTENCY OF CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI. J Bacteriol. 1965 Apr;89:993–995. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.4.993-995.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. NISIDA S., TAMAI K., YAMAGISHI T. TAXONOMY OF CLOSTRIDIUM BIFERMENTANS AND CLOSTRIDIUM SORDELLII. I. THEIR TOXIGENICITY, UREASE ACTIVITY, AND SPORULATING POTENCY. J Bacteriol. 1964 Dec;88:1641–1646. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.6.1641-1646.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Orenski S. W., Bystricky V., Maramorosch K. The occurrence of microbial forms of unusual morphology in European and Asian soils. Can J Microbiol. 1966 Dec;12(6):1291–1292. doi: 10.1139/m66-174. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. PORTERFIELD J. S. Classification of the streptococci of subacute bacterial endocarditis. J Gen Microbiol. 1950 Jan;4(1):92–101. doi: 10.1099/00221287-4-1-92. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. RANDALL J. S. The sanitary significance of coliform bacilli in soil. J Hyg (Lond) 1956 Sep;54(3):365–377. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400044624. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Rhines C. The Persistence of Avian Tubercle Bacilli in Soil and in Association with Soil Microörganisms. J Bacteriol. 1935 Mar;29(3):299–311. doi: 10.1128/jb.29.3.299-311.1935. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. SANADA I., NISHIDA S. ISOLATION OF CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI FROM SOIL. J Bacteriol. 1965 Mar;89:626–629. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.3.626-629.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. SEGAWA J., TAKEYA K., SASAKI M. Isolation of lysogenic acid-fast bacilli from the soil. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1960 Mar;81:419–420. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1960.81.3.419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. SKINNER F. A., JONES P. C., MOLLISON J. E. A comparison of a direct- and a plate counting technique for the quantitative estimation of soil micro-organisms. J Gen Microbiol. 1952 May;6(3-4):261–271. doi: 10.1099/00221287-6-3-4-261. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. STOLP H., STARR M. P. BDELLOVIBRIO BACTERIOVORUS GEN. ET SP. N., A PREDATORY, ECTOPARASITIC, AND BACTERIOLYTIC MICROORGANISM. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1963;29:217–248. doi: 10.1007/BF02046064. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Shilo M., Bruff B. Lysis of Gram-negative bacteria by host-independent ectoparasitic Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus isolates. J Gen Microbiol. 1965 Sep;40(3):317–328. doi: 10.1099/00221287-40-3-317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Smith L. D., Gardner M. V. THE OCCURRENCE OF VEGETATIVE CELLS OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS IN SOIL. J Bacteriol. 1949 Sep;58(3):407–408. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Stotzky G. Clay minerals and microbial ecology. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Nov;30(1):11–21. doi: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1967.tb02449.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Stotzky G. Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. II. Effect of various clay species, homoionic clays, and other particles on bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1966 Aug;12(4):831–848. doi: 10.1139/m66-111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Stotzky G. Relevance of soil microbiology to search for life on other planets. Adv Appl Microbiol. 1968;10:17–54. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70187-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Stotzky G., Rem L. T. Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. I. Montmorillonite and kaolinite on bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1966 Jun;12(3):547–563. doi: 10.1139/m66-078. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Stotzky G., Rem L. T. Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. IV. Montmorillonite and kaolinites on fungi. Can J Microbiol. 1967 Nov;13(11):1535–1550. doi: 10.1139/m67-202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. TAKEYA K., YOSHIMURA T. Isolation of bacteriophage active against all types of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Bacteriol. 1957 Oct;74(4):540–541. doi: 10.1128/jb.74.4.540-541.1957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. TAMAI K., NISHIDA S. TAXONOMY OF CLOSTRIDIUM BIFERMENTANS AND CLOSTRIDIUM SORDELLII. II. TOXIGENIC AND SPORULATING POTENCIES IN SUBSTRAINS OF A CLOSTRIDIUM SORDELLII STRAIN. J Bacteriol. 1964 Dec;88:1647–1651. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.6.1647-1651.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Van Donsel D. J., Geldreich E. E., Clarke N. A. Seasonal Variations in Survival of Indicator Bacteria in Soil and Their Contribution to Storm-water Pollution. Appl Microbiol. 1967 Nov;15(6):1362–1370. doi: 10.1128/am.15.6.1362-1370.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. WELSHIMER H. J. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in soil. J Bacteriol. 1960 Sep;80:316–320. doi: 10.1128/jb.80.3.316-320.1960. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Wentz M. W., Scott R. A., Vennes J. W. Clostridium botulinum type F: seasonal inhibition by bacillus licheniformis. Science. 1967 Jan 6;155(3758):89–90. doi: 10.1126/science.155.3758.89. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. White J. C., Niven C. F., Jr Streptococcus S.B.E.: A Streptococcus Associated with Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis. J Bacteriol. 1946 Jun;51(6):717–722. doi: 10.1128/jb.51.6.717-722.1946. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. YAMAGISHI T., ISHIDA S., NISHIDA S. ISOLATION OF TOXIGENIC STRAINS OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS FROM SOIL. J Bacteriol. 1964 Sep;88:646–652. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.3.646-652.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. ZEIDBERG L. D. A theory to explain the geographic variations in the prevalence of histoplasmin sensitivity. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1954 Nov;3(6):1057–1065. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES