Abstract
Responding of three pigeons was maintained under conjunctive fixed-ratio, fixed-interval schedules where a key peck produced food after both schedule requirements were completed. The individual schedule requirements were then successively removed and reinstated with responding maintained under the following conditions: conjunctive fixed-ratio, fixed-time; fixed-time; and fixed-interval schedules. Patterns of responding changed in accord with the successive removal of the schedule requirements. Compared to the conjunctive fixed-ratio, fixed-interval schedule, pause duration increased and response rate decreased under conjunctive fixed-ratio, fixed-time schedules and under fixed-time schedules alone. Overall mean rates of responding were highest and pause duration lowest under fixed-interval schedules. When changes in the keylight colors were correlated with completion of the fixed-ratio, the end of the fixed-interval, or both of these conditions, the pattern of responding was modified and indicated a greater degree of control by the individual schedules. Although two birds showed large increases in interreinforcement time when they were initially exposed to the conjunctive schedule, when responding stabilized this measure was largely invariant for all birds across most schedule conditions.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Alleman H. D., Zeiler M. D. Patterning with fixed-time schedules of response-independent reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav. 1974 Jul;22(1):135–141. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1974.22-135. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barrett J. E. Conjunctive schedules of reinforcement. I. Rate-dependent effects of pentobarbital and d-amphetamine. J Exp Anal Behav. 1974 Nov;22(3):561–573. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1974.22-561. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HERRNSTEIN R. J., MORSE W. H. A conjunctive schedule of reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav. 1958 Jan;1:15–24. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1958.1-15. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kelleher R. T., Morse W. H. Schedules using noxious stimuli. IV: An interlocking shock-postponement schedule in the squirrel monkey. J Exp Anal Behav. 1969 Nov;12(6):1063–1079. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1969.12-1063. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Killeen P. Reinforcement frequency and contingency as factors in fixed-ratio behavior. J Exp Anal Behav. 1969 May;12(3):391–395. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1969.12-391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neuringer A. J., Schneider B. A. Separating the effects of interreinforcement time and number of interreinforcement responses. J Exp Anal Behav. 1968 Nov;11(6):661–667. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1968.11-661. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shull R. L. The response-reinforcement dependency in fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav. 1970 Jul;14(1):55–60. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1970.14-55. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zeiler M. D. Fixed and variable schedules of response-independent reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav. 1968 Jul;11(4):405–414. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1968.11-405. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]