Skip to main content
PMC home page
Immunology logoLink to Immunology
. 1988 Jun;64(2):227–231.

Malarial parasites induce TNF production by macrophages.

C A Bate 1, J Taverne 1, J H Playfair 1
PMCID: PMC1384947  PMID: 3292408

Abstract

Mouse peritoneal macrophages incubated with erythrocytes infected with non-lethal or lethal variants of Plasmodium yoelii or with P. berghei, in the presence of polymyxin B to exclude the effects of any contaminating endotoxin, secreted a cytotoxic factor into the supernatant that was shown to be tumour necrosis factor (TNF). No differences were observed in the ability of the three types of parasite to induce TNF production, which was maximal in the range of 0.2-5 infected erythrocytes per macrophages. TNF production was equivalent to that induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and was enhanced by pretreatment of the macrophages with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or with indomethacin. Culture media containing parasite products also induced macrophages to secrete TNF. The activity withstood boiling and was inhibited by malaria-specific antisera. Since heat-stable antigens are present in the circulation of patients with malaria, they may induced the secretion of TNF, a mediator of endotoxic shock, which could contribute to the pathology of the disease.

Full text

PDF
231

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aderka D., Holtmann H., Toker L., Hahn T., Wallach D. Tumor necrosis factor induction by Sendai virus. J Immunol. 1986 Apr 15;136(8):2938–2942. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anders R. F. Multiple cross-reactivities amongst antigens of Plasmodium falciparum impair the development of protective immunity against malaria. Parasite Immunol. 1986 Nov;8(6):529–539. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1986.tb00867.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beutler B., Cerami A. Cachectin and tumour necrosis factor as two sides of the same biological coin. Nature. 1986 Apr 17;320(6063):584–588. doi: 10.1038/320584a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beutler B., Krochin N., Milsark I. W., Luedke C., Cerami A. Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance. Science. 1986 May 23;232(4753):977–980. doi: 10.1126/science.3754653. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Clark I. A. Cell-mediated immunity in protection and pathology of malaria. Parasitol Today. 1987 Oct;3(10):300–305. doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(87)90187-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Clark I. A., Hunt N. H., Butcher G. A., Cowden W. B. Inhibition of murine malaria (Plasmodium chabaudi) in vivo by recombinant interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor, and its enhancement by butylated hydroxyanisole. J Immunol. 1987 Nov 15;139(10):3493–3496. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Clark I. A., Virelizier J. L., Carswell E. A., Wood P. R. Possible importance of macrophage-derived mediators in acute malaria. Infect Immun. 1981 Jun;32(3):1058–1066. doi: 10.1128/iai.32.3.1058-1066.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coppel R. L., Cowman A. F., Lingelbach K. R., Brown G. V., Saint R. B., Kemp D. J., Anders R. F. Isolate-specific S-antigen of Plasmodium falciparum contains a repeated sequence of eleven amino acids. Nature. 1983 Dec 22;306(5945):751–756. doi: 10.1038/306751a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Decker T., Lohmann-Matthes M. L., Gifford G. E. Cell-associated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as a killing mechanism of activated cytotoxic macrophages. J Immunol. 1987 Feb 1;138(3):957–962. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Felton S. C., Prior R. B., Spagna V. A., Kreier J. P. Evaluation of Plasmodium berghei for endotoxin by the Limulus lysate assay. J Parasitol. 1980 Oct;66(5):846–847. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Freeman R. R., Holder A. A. Characteristics of the protective response of BALB/c mice immunized with a purified Plasmodium yoelii schizont antigen. Clin Exp Immunol. 1983 Dec;54(3):609–616. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Grau G. E., Fajardo L. F., Piguet P. F., Allet B., Lambert P. H., Vassalli P. Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) as an essential mediator in murine cerebral malaria. Science. 1987 Sep 4;237(4819):1210–1212. doi: 10.1126/science.3306918. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hotez P. J., Le Trang N., Fairlamb A. H., Cerami A. Lipoprotein lipase suppression in 3T3-L1 cells by a haematoprotozoan-induced mediator from peritoneal exudate cells. Parasite Immunol. 1984 May;6(3):203–209. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1984.tb00793.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kunkel S. L., Wiggins R. C., Chensue S. W., Larrick J. Regulation of macrophage tumor necrosis factor production by prostaglandin E2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 May 29;137(1):404–410. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(86)91224-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Matthews N. Production of an anti-tumour cytotoxin by human monocytes: comparison of endotoxin, interferons and other agents as inducers. Br J Cancer. 1982 Apr;45(4):615–617. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1982.99. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Nedwin G. E., Svedersky L. P., Bringman T. S., Palladino M. A., Jr, Goeddel D. V. Effect of interleukin 2, interferon-gamma, and mitogens on the production of tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta. J Immunol. 1985 Oct;135(4):2492–2497. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Playfair J. H., De Souza J. B. Vaccination of mice against malaria with soluble antigens. I. The effect of detergent, route of injection, and adjuvant. Parasite Immunol. 1986 Sep;8(5):409–414. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1986.tb00857.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Rook G. A., Taverne J., Leveton C., Steele J. The role of gamma-interferon, vitamin D3 metabolites and tumour necrosis factor in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Immunology. 1987 Oct;62(2):229–234. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Scuderi P., Sterling K. E., Lam K. S., Finley P. R., Ryan K. J., Ray C. G., Petersen E., Slymen D. J., Salmon S. E. Raised serum levels of tumour necrosis factor in parasitic infections. Lancet. 1986 Dec 13;2(8520):1364–1365. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92007-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Taverne J., Depledge P., Playfair J. H. Differential sensitivity in vivo of lethal and nonlethal malarial parasites to endotoxin-induced serum factor. Infect Immun. 1982 Sep;37(3):927–934. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.3.927-934.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Taverne J., Matthews N., Depledge P., Playfair J. H. Malarial parasites and tumour cells are killed by the same component of tumour necrosis serum. Clin Exp Immunol. 1984 Aug;57(2):293–300. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Taverne J., Tavernier J., Fiers W., Playfair J. H. Recombinant tumour necrosis factor inhibits malaria parasites in vivo but not in vitro. Clin Exp Immunol. 1987 Jan;67(1):1–4. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Taverne J., Treagust J. D., Playfair J. H. Macrophage cytotoxicity in lethal and non-lethal murine malaria and the effect of vaccination. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Oct;66(1):44–51. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Taylor D. W., Evans C. B., Hennessy G. W., Aley S. B. Use of a two-sited monoclonal antibody assay to detect a heat-stable malarial antigen in the sera of mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii. Infect Immun. 1986 Mar;51(3):884–890. doi: 10.1128/iai.51.3.884-890.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tubbs H. Endotoxin in human and murine malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1980;74(1):121–123. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(80)90026-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Usawattanakul W., Tharavanij S., Warrell D. A., Looareesuwan S., White N. J., Supavej S., Soikratoke S. Factors contributing to the development of cerebral malaria. II. Endotoxin. Clin Exp Immunol. 1985 Sep;61(3):562–568. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Wilson R. J., Bartholomew R. K. The release of antigens by Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology. 1975 Oct;71(2):183–192. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000046631. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wilson R. J., McGregor I. A., Hall P., Williams K., Bartholomew R. Antigens associated with Plasmodium falciparum infections in man. Lancet. 1969 Jul 26;2(7613):201–205. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91437-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Winchell E. J., Ling I. T., Wilson R. J. Metabolic labelling and characterisation of S-antigens, the heat-stable, strain-specific antigens of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1984 Mar;10(3):287–296. doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(84)90027-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES