Skip to main content
PMC home page
Biophysical Journal logoLink to Biophysical Journal
. 1984 Jun;45(6):1101–1107. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(84)84258-7

Effect of pore structure on energy barriers and applied voltage profiles. II. Unsymmetrical channels.

P C Jordan
PMCID: PMC1435004  PMID: 6331540

Abstract

This paper examines "realistic" pores, i.e., ones that are neither symmetric nor of uniform diameter. Methods are described that permit estimation of the image potential for an ion in an aqueous pore spanning a lipid membrane and for the electric field produced in such a pore when a transmembrane potential is applied. They are used to model features of the delayed rectifier potassium channel. Constraints on the geometry of the exterior mouth, the dielectric properties of the narrow part of the pore and the conduction mechanism are determined for this channel.

Full text

PDF
1107

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andersen O. S. Ion movement through gramicidin A channels. Studies on the diffusion-controlled association step. Biophys J. 1983 Feb;41(2):147–165. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(83)84416-6. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Armstrong C. M. Interaction of tetraethylammonium ion derivatives with the potassium channels of giant axons. J Gen Physiol. 1971 Oct;58(4):413–437. doi: 10.1085/jgp.58.4.413. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Armstrong C. M. Ionic pores, gates, and gating currents. Q Rev Biophys. 1974 May;7(2):179–210. doi: 10.1017/s0033583500001402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bezanilla F., Armstrong C. M. Negative conductance caused by entry of sodium and cesium ions into the potassium channels of squid axons. J Gen Physiol. 1972 Nov;60(5):588–608. doi: 10.1085/jgp.60.5.588. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Conti F., De Felice L. J., Wanke E. Potassium and sodium ion current noise in the membrane of the squid giant axon. J Physiol. 1975 Jun;248(1):45–82. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp010962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Conti F., Neher E. Single channel recordings of K+ currents in squid axons. Nature. 1980 May 15;285(5761):140–143. doi: 10.1038/285140a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. FRANKENHAEUSER B., MOORE L. E. THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SODIUM AND POTASSIUM PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES OF XENOPUS LAEVIS. J Physiol. 1963 Nov;169:431–437. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1963.sp007269. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. French R. J., Shoukimas J. J. Blockage of squid axon potassium conductance by internal tetra-N-alkylammonium ions of various sizes. Biophys J. 1981 May;34(2):271–291. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(81)84849-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hille B. Ionic selectivity of Na and K channels of nerve membranes. Membranes. 1975;3:255–323. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hille B. Potassium channels in myelinated nerve. Selective permeability to small cations. J Gen Physiol. 1973 Jun;61(6):669–686. doi: 10.1085/jgp.61.6.669. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hille B., Schwarz W. Potassium channels as multi-ion single-file pores. J Gen Physiol. 1978 Oct;72(4):409–442. doi: 10.1085/jgp.72.4.409. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jordan P. C. Effect of pore structure on energy barriers and applied voltage profiles. I. Symmetrical channels. Biophys J. 1984 Jun;45(6):1091–1100. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(84)84257-5. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jordan P. C. Electrostatic modeling of ion pores. Energy barriers and electric field profiles. Biophys J. 1982 Aug;39(2):157–164. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(82)84503-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jordan P. C. Electrostatic modeling of ion pores. II. Effects attributable to the membrane dipole potential. Biophys J. 1983 Feb;41(2):189–195. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(83)84419-1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jordan P. C. Energy barriers for passage of ions through channels. Exact solution of two electrostatic problems. Biophys Chem. 1981 Jun;13(3):203–212. doi: 10.1016/0301-4622(81)80002-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kistler J., Stroud R. M. Crystalline arrays of membrane-bound acetylcholine receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jun;78(6):3678–3682. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.6.3678. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kistler J., Stroud R. M., Klymkowsky M. W., Lalancette R. A., Fairclough R. H. Structure and function of an acetylcholine receptor. Biophys J. 1982 Jan;37(1):371–383. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(82)84685-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Koeppe R. E., 2nd, Hodgson K. O., Stryer L. Helical channels in crystals of gramicidin A and of a cesium--gramicidin A complex: an x-ray diffraction study. J Mol Biol. 1978 May 5;121(1):41–54. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90261-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Latorre R., Vergara C., Hidalgo C. Reconstitution in planar lipid bilayers of a Ca2+-dependent K+ channel from transverse tubule membranes isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):805–809. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.3.805. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Levitt D. G. Electrostatic calculations for an ion channel. I. Energy and potential profiles and interactions between ions. Biophys J. 1978 May;22(2):209–219. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(78)85485-X. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Läuger P. Diffusion-limited ion flow through pores. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Dec 2;455(2):493–509. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90320-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Miller C. Bis-quaternary ammonium blockers as structural probes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum K+ channel. J Gen Physiol. 1982 May;79(5):869–891. doi: 10.1085/jgp.79.5.869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Parsegian A. Energy of an ion crossing a low dielectric membrane: solutions to four relevant electrostatic problems. Nature. 1969 Mar 1;221(5183):844–846. doi: 10.1038/221844a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Parsegian V. A. Ion-membrane interactions as structural forces. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Dec 30;264:161–171. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb31481.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Swenson R. P., Jr Inactivation of potassium current in squid axon by a variety of quaternary ammonium ions. J Gen Physiol. 1981 Mar;77(3):255–271. doi: 10.1085/jgp.77.3.255. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Tredgold R. H., Hole P. N. Dielectric behaviour of dry synthetic polypeptides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Aug 4;443(1):137–142. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90497-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biophysical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biophysical Society

RESOURCES