Skip to main content
PMC home page
Immunology logoLink to Immunology
. 1978 Nov;35(5):817–826.

Experimental bovine trypanosomiasis. Changes in serum immunoglobulins, complement and complement components in infected animals.

K Nielsen, J Sheppard, W Holmes, I Tizard
PMCID: PMC1457543  PMID: 721142

Abstract

In three calves experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense the amounts of IgG1 and IgG2 were little changed and similar to those of normal animals. IgM increased in amount early in the infection and the amount of the increase appeared related to the parasite burden. The amounts of IgA and IgE were both much decreased and this also appeared related to the numbers of parasites in the blood. There was a decrease in the amounts of total haemolytic complement and complement components C1, C1q and C3 in the infected calves. Furthermore the amounts of properdin fluctuated with the cyclical changes in numbers of T. congolense parasites in the individual calves. No significant change in the amount of C8 was observed. It is considered that activation of both the alternative and the classical complement pathways occurs in trypanosome infected animals but that neither pathway goes to its terminal stages.

Full text

PDF
817

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Avrameas S., Ternynck T. The cross-linking of proteins with glutaraldehyde and its use for the preparation of immunoadsorbents. Immunochemistry. 1969 Jan;6(1):53–66. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(69)90178-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barta O., Nelson R. A., Jr, Kuo C. Y. Separation of six bovine complement components and one inactivator (1, 2). Immunol Commun. 1976;5(1-2):75–86. doi: 10.3109/08820137609020614. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Clarkson M. J., Penhale W. J., Edwards G., Farrell P. J. Serum protein changes in cattle infected with Trypanosoma vivax. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1975;69(1):2–3. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Clarkson M. J., Penhale W. J. Serum protein changes in trypanosomiasis in cattle. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1973;67(2):273–273. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(73)90184-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cross R. F., Redman D. R., Bohl E. H. Trypanosomes associated with bovine lymphocytosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1968 Sep 1;153(5):571–575. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cross R. F., Smith C. K., Redman D. R. Observations on Trypanosoma theileri infection in cattle. Can J Comp Med. 1971 Jan;35(1):12–17. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Duncan J. R., Wilkie B. N., Hiestand F., Winter A. J. The serum and secretory immunoglobulins of cattle: characterization and quantitation. J Immunol. 1972 Apr;108(4):965–976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ensky J., Hinz C. F., Jr, Todd E. W., Wedgwood R. J., Boyer J. T., Lepow I. H. Properties of highly purified human properdin. J Immunol. 1968 Jan;100(1):142–158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Greenwood B. M., Whittle H. C. Complement activation in patients with Gambian sleeping sickness. Clin Exp Immunol. 1976 Apr;24(1):133–138. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hammer D. K., Kickhöfen B., Schmid T. Detection of homocytotropic antibody associated with a unique immunoglobulin class in the bovine species. Eur J Immunol. 1971 Aug;1(4):249–257. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830010407. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jarvinen J. A., Dalmasso A. P. Complement in experimental Trypanosoma lewisi infection of rats. Infect Immun. 1976 Oct;14(4):894–902. doi: 10.1128/iai.14.4.894-902.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kierszenbaum F., Weinman D. Antibody-independent activation of the alternative complement pathway in human serum by parasitic cells. Immunology. 1977 Feb;32(2):245–249. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kobayashi A., Tizard I. R. The response to Trypanosoma congolense infection in calves. Determination of immunoglobulins igG1, igG2, igM and C3 levels and the complement fixing antibody titres during the course of infection. Tropenmed Parasitol. 1976 Dec;27(4):411–417. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Luckins A. C. Serum immunoglobulin levels and electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins in trypanosome-infected bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus). Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1975 Sep;69(3):337–344. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1975.11687017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Luckins A. G., Mehlitz D. Observations on serum immunoglobulin levels in cattle infected with Trypanosoma brucei, T. vivax and T. congolense. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1976 Dec;70(4):479–480. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1976.11687153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Luckins A. G. Studies on bovine trypanosomiasis. Serum immunoglobulin levels in Zebu cattle exposed to natural infection in East Africa. Br Vet J. 1972 Oct;128(10):523–528. doi: 10.1016/s0007-1935(17)36737-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mammerickx M., Dekegel D. Studies on the relationship between persistent lymphocytosis, infection with C-type particles and presence of Trypanosoma theileri, associated with bovine enzootic leukosis. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1975 Jul;22(5):411–419. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1975.tb00605.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mancini G., Carbonara A. O., Heremans J. F. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235–254. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(65)90004-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nagle R. B., Ward P. A., Lindsley H. B., Sadun E. H., Johnson A. J., Berkaw R. E., Hildebrandt P. K. Experimental infections with African Trypanosomes. VI. Glomerulonephritis involving the alternate pathway of complement activation. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1974 Jan;23(1):15–26. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nielsen K. H. Bovine reaginic antibody III. Cross-reaction of antihuman IgE and antibovine reaginic immunoglobulin antisera with sera from several species of mammals. Can J Comp Med. 1977 Jul;41(3):345–348. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Nielsen K. H., Wilkie B. N. Bovine reaginic antibody. II. Preparation of an anti-reaginic immunoglobulin. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1977;53(2):174–179. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nielsen K. Preparation of antisera to the mu chain of IgM. J Immunol Methods. 1976;11(1):77–82. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(76)90020-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Nielsen K., Sheppard J. Activation of complement by trypanosomes. Experientia. 1977 Jun 15;33(6):769–771. doi: 10.1007/BF01944182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Nielsen K., Sheppard J., Tizard I., Holmes W. Trypanosoma lewisi: characterization of complement-activating components. Exp Parasitol. 1977 Oct;43(1):153–160. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(77)90018-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Pepys M. B. Role of complement in the induction of immunological responses. Transplant Rev. 1976;32:93–120. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1976.tb00230.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Sledge C. R., Bing D. H. Purification of the human complement protein C1q by affinity chromatography. J Immunol. 1973 Sep;111(3):661–666. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Van Meirvenna N., Moors A., Janssens P. G. Serological studies on animals experimentally infected with African trypanosomes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1972;66(2):333–334. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(72)90210-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Woo P., Soltys M. A., Gillick A. C. Trypanosomes in cattle in southern Ontario. Can J Comp Med. 1970 Apr;34(2):142–147. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES