Skip to main content
Genetics logoLink to Genetics
. 1999 Dec;153(4):1919–1928. doi: 10.1093/genetics/153.4.1919

Transposon tagging of the sulfur gene of tobacco using engineered maize Ac/Ds elements.

W P Fitzmaurice 1, L V Nguyen 1, E A Wernsman 1, W F Thompson 1, M A Conkling 1
PMCID: PMC1460851  PMID: 10581296

Abstract

The Sulfur gene of tobacco is nuclearly encoded. A Su allele at this locus acts as a dominant semilethal mutation and causes reduced accumulation of chlorophyll, resulting in a yellow color in the plant. An engineered transposon tagging system, based upon the maize element Ac/Ds, was used to mutate the gene. High frequency of transposon excision from the Su locus produced variegated sectors. Plants regenerated from the variegated sector exhibited a similar variegated phenotype. Genetic analyses showed that the variegation was always associated with the transposase construct and the transposon was linked to the Su locus. Sequences surrounding the transposon were isolated, and five revertant sectors possessed typical direct repeats following Ds excisions. These genetic and molecular data are consistent with the tagging of the Su allele by the transposon.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (315.3 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aarts M. G., Dirkse W. G., Stiekema W. J., Pereira A. Transposon tagging of a male sterility gene in Arabidopsis. Nature. 1993 Jun 24;363(6431):715–717. doi: 10.1038/363715a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Alleman M., Kermicle J. L. Somatic variegation and germinal mutability reflect the position of transposable element Dissociation within the maize R gene. Genetics. 1993 Sep;135(1):189–203. doi: 10.1093/genetics/135.1.189. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Athma P., Grotewold E., Peterson T. Insertional mutagenesis of the maize P gene by intragenic transposition of Ac. Genetics. 1992 May;131(1):199–209. doi: 10.1093/genetics/131.1.199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bancroft I., Dean C. Transposition pattern of the maize element Ds in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics. 1993 Aug;134(4):1221–1229. doi: 10.1093/genetics/134.4.1221. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bancroft I., Jones J. D., Dean C. Heterologous transposon tagging of the DRL1 locus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 1993 Jun;5(6):631–638. doi: 10.1105/tpc.5.6.631. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chiang H. H., Hwang I., Goodman H. M. Isolation of the Arabidopsis GA4 locus. Plant Cell. 1995 Feb;7(2):195–201. doi: 10.1105/tpc.7.2.195. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chuck G., Robbins T., Nijjar C., Ralston E., Courtney-Gutterson N., Dooner H. K. Tagging and Cloning of a Petunia Flower Color Gene with the Maize Transposable Element Activator. Plant Cell. 1993 Apr;5(4):371–378. doi: 10.1105/tpc.5.4.371. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Church G. M., Gilbert W. Genomic sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991–1995. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dooner H. K., Belachew A., Burgess D., Harding S., Ralston M., Ralston E. Distribution of unlinked receptor sites for transposed Ac elements from the bz-m2(Ac) allele in maize. Genetics. 1994 Jan;136(1):261–279. doi: 10.1093/genetics/136.1.261. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dooner H. K., English J., Ralston E. J. The frequency of transposition of the maize element Activator is not affected by an adjacent deletion. Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Mar;211(3):485–491. doi: 10.1007/BF00425705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fedoroff N. V., Furtek D. B., Nelson O. E. Cloning of the bronze locus in maize by a simple and generalizable procedure using the transposable controlling element Activator (Ac). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jun;81(12):3825–3829. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.12.3825. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fitzmaurice W. P., Lehman L. J., Nguyen L. V., Thompson W. F., Wernsman E. A., Conkling M. A. Development and characterization of a generalized gene tagging system for higher plants using an engineered maize transposon Ac. Plant Mol Biol. 1992 Oct;20(2):177–198. doi: 10.1007/BF00014487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Greenblatt I. M. A chromosome replication pattern deduced from pericarp phenotypes resulting from movements of the transposable element, modulator, in maize. Genetics. 1984 Oct;108(2):471–485. doi: 10.1093/genetics/108.2.471. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jones D. A., Thomas C. M., Hammond-Kosack K. E., Balint-Kurti P. J., Jones J. D. Isolation of the tomato Cf-9 gene for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum by transposon tagging. Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):789–793. doi: 10.1126/science.7973631. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jones J. D., Carland F., Lim E., Ralston E., Dooner H. K. Preferential transposition of the maize element Activator to linked chromosomal locations in tobacco. Plant Cell. 1990 Aug;2(8):701–707. doi: 10.1105/tpc.2.8.701. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Koncz C., Mayerhofer R., Koncz-Kalman Z., Nawrath C., Reiss B., Redei G. P., Schell J. Isolation of a gene encoding a novel chloroplast protein by T-DNA tagging in Arabidopsis thaliana. EMBO J. 1990 May;9(5):1337–1346. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08248.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Laufs J., Wirtz U., Kammann M., Matzeit V., Schaefer S., Schell J., Czernilofsky A. P., Baker B., Gronenborn B. Wheat dwarf virus Ac/Ds vectors: expression and excision of transposable elements introduced into various cereals by a viral replicon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7752–7756. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7752. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Long D., Martin M., Sundberg E., Swinburne J., Puangsomlee P., Coupland G. The maize transposable element system Ac/Ds as a mutagen in Arabidopsis: identification of an albino mutation induced by Ds insertion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 1;90(21):10370–10374. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.21.10370. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Osborne B. I., Corr C. A., Prince J. P., Hehl R., Tanksley S. D., McCormick S., Baker B. Ac transposition from a T-DNA can generate linked and unlinked clusters of insertions in the tomato genome. Genetics. 1991 Nov;129(3):833–844. doi: 10.1093/genetics/129.3.833. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Peterson T. Intragenic transposition of Ac generates a new allele of the maize P gene. Genetics. 1990 Oct;126(2):469–476. doi: 10.1093/genetics/126.2.469. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Springer P. S., McCombie W. R., Sundaresan V., Martienssen R. A. Gene trap tagging of PROLIFERA, an essential MCM2-3-5-like gene in Arabidopsis. Science. 1995 May 12;268(5212):877–880. doi: 10.1126/science.7754372. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sutton W. D., Gerlach W. L., Peacock W. J., Schwartz D. Molecular analysis of ds controlling element mutations at the adh1 locus of maize. Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1265–1268. doi: 10.1126/science.223.4642.1265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Takahashi T., Gasch A., Nishizawa N., Chua N. H. The DIMINUTO gene of Arabidopsis is involved in regulating cell elongation. Genes Dev. 1995 Jan 1;9(1):97–107. doi: 10.1101/gad.9.1.97. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Whitham S., Dinesh-Kumar S. P., Choi D., Hehl R., Corr C., Baker B. The product of the tobacco mosaic virus resistance gene N: similarity to toll and the interleukin-1 receptor. Cell. 1994 Sep 23;78(6):1101–1115. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90283-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Genetics are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES