Skip to main content
PMC home page
Environmental Health Perspectives logoLink to Environmental Health Perspectives
. 1976 Oct;17:211–216. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7617211

Biological effects of vinyl chloride: an experimental study.

M Winell, B Holmberg, T Kronevi
PMCID: PMC1475262  PMID: 1036093

Abstract

Plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase, (AP), transaminases and total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with isoenzymes were determined in mice inhaling 50 and 550 ppm vinyl chloride (VC). The animals were also autopsied and the tissue pathology was studies. The total LDH activity was elevanted in both dose groups along with a shift to cathodic enzymes. AP was increased in animals exposed to 500 ppm and transaminases were not at all changed. Enzyme changes occurred after the appearance of tumors. Alveologenic adenomas occurred in all animals at the higher dosage and in about half of the animals inhaling the lower dose. Subperitoneal and subcutaneous hemangiosarcomas were frequent in both dose groups; but especially among 50 ppm animals. Only one animal had a hemangiosarcoma of the liver. No liver fibrosis was seen. All primary subperitoneal and subcutaneous tumors were located in fat tissue. Telangiectasis was observed in two animals in the 500 ppm series. The importance of blood vessel changes in the toxicology of vinyl chloride is discussed.

Full text

PDF
212

Images in this article

213FIGURE 4.
on p.213
213FIGURE 5.
on p.213
214FIGURE 6.
on p.214
214FIGURE 7.
on p.214
214FIGURE 8.
on p.214

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BURGESS E. A., SYLVEN B. Lactic dehydrogenase activity in plasma and interstitial fluid during growth of mouse tumors. Cancer Res. 1963 Jun;23:714–719. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Byrén D., Engholm G., Englund A., Westerholm P. Mortality and cancer morbidity in a group of Swedish VCM and PCV production workers. Environ Health Perspect. 1976 Oct;17:167–170. doi: 10.1289/ehp.17-1475258. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Byrén D., Holmberg B. Two possible cases of angiosarcoma of the liver in a group of Swedish vinyl chloride-polyvinyl chloride workers. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Jan 31;246:249–250. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb51099.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dietz A. A., Lubrano T. Separation and quantitation of lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes by disc electrophoresis. Anal Biochem. 1967 Aug;20(2):246–257. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(67)90030-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. HILLARP N. A., LINDQVIST M., VENDSALU A. Catechol amines and nucleotides in pheochromocytoma. Exp Cell Res. 1961 Jan;22:40–44. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(61)90084-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. HOLMBERG B. On the in vitro release of cytoplasmic enzymes from ascites tumor cells as compared with strain L cells. Cancer Res. 1961 Nov;21:1386–1393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Holmberg B., Kronevi T., Winell M. The pathology of vinyl chloride exposed mice. Acta Vet Scand. 1976;17(3):328–342. doi: 10.1186/BF03547913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. KARMEN A. A note on the spectrometric assay of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase in human blood serum. J Clin Invest. 1955 Jan;34(1):131–133. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lloyd J. W. Angiosarcoma of the liver in vinyl chloride/polyvinyl chloride workers. J Occup Med. 1975 May;17(5):333–334. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Marsteller H. J., Lelbach W. K., Müller R., Jühe S., Lange C. E., Rohner H. G., Veltman G. Chronisch-toxische Leberschäden bei Arbeitern in der PVC-Produktion. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1973 Nov 30;98(48):2311–2314. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Morgenstern S., Kessler G., Auerbach J., Flor R. V., Klein B. An automated p-nitrophenylphosphate serum alkaline phosphatase procedure for the AutoAnalyzer. Clin Chem. 1965 Sep;11(9):876–888. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Muggli A. LDH-Isoenzyme in der Diagnose des Herzinfarktes. Vergleichende Untersuchungen mit Cellogel-Elektrophorese, DEAE-Sephadex und HBDH-Bestimmung. Enzymol Biol Clin (Basel) 1968;9(6):401–432. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. POPPER H., KOCH-WESER D., DE LA HUERGA J. Serum and hepatic enzymes in experimental liver damage. J Mt Sinai Hosp N Y. 1952 May-Jun;19(1):256–265. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Porter H., Jr, Doty D. H., Bloor C. M. Interaction of age and exercise on tissue lactic dehydrogenase activity in rats. Lab Invest. 1971 Dec;25(6):572–576. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ringoir S. LDH isoenzyme pattern of rat kidney in mercurial intoxication. Nephron. 1970;7(6):538–544. doi: 10.1159/000179861. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Thomas L. B., Popper H. Pathology of angiosarcoma of the liver among vinyl chloride-polyvinyl chloride workers. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Jan 31;246:268–277. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb51102.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. VACCA C. SULA POSSIBILIT'A CHE "STRESS" DIVERSI, SPECIE L'IPOSSIA, PERMETTANO LA FUORIUSCITA DI ENZIMI INTRACELLULARI PER AUMENTO DELLA PERMEABILITA' DELLA MEMBRANA CELLULARE SENZA NECROSI TISSURALE. Riv Med Aeronaut Spaz. 1963 Jul-Sep;26:443–453. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Viola P. L., Bigotti A., Caputo A. Oncogenic response of rat skin, lungs, and bones to vinyl chloride. Cancer Res. 1971 May;31(5):516–522. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. WIEME R. J., VAN MAERCKE Y. The fifth (electrophoretically slowest) serum lactic dehydrogenase as an index of liver injury. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1961 Nov 2;94:898–911. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb35583.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. WROBLEWSKI F., LADUE J. S. Lactic dehydrogenase activity in blood. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1955 Oct;90(1):210–213. doi: 10.3181/00379727-90-21985. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. WROBLEWSKI F., LADUE J. S. Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in cardiac with hepatic disease. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1956 Apr;91(4):569–571. doi: 10.3181/00379727-91-22330. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Environmental Health Perspectives are provided here courtesy of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

RESOURCES