Skip to main content
PMC home page
American Journal of Public Health logoLink to American Journal of Public Health
. 1999 Dec;89(12):1878–1882. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.12.1878

The effect of health education on the rate of ophthalmic examinations among African Americans with diabetes mellitus.

C E Basch 1, E A Walker 1, C J Howard 1, H Shamoon 1, P Zybert 1
PMCID: PMC1509007  PMID: 10589324

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated a multicomponent educational intervention to increase ophthalmic examination rates among African Americans with diabetes. METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted with 280 African Americans with diabetes, enrolled from outpatient departments of 5 medical centers in the New York City metropolitan area, who had not had a dilated retinal examination within 14 months of randomization (65.7% female, mean age = 54.7 years [SD = 12.8 years]). RESULTS: After site differences were controlled, the odds ratio for receiving a retinal examination associated with the intervention was 4.3 (95% confidence interval = 2.4, 7.8). The examination rate pooled across sites was 54.7% in the intervention group and 27.3% in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was associated with a rate of ophthalmic examination double the rate achieved with routine medical care.

Full text

PDF
1882

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brechner R. J., Cowie C. C., Howie L. J., Herman W. H., Will J. C., Harris M. I. Ophthalmic examination among adults with diagnosed diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 1993 Oct 13;270(14):1714–1718. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bursell S. E., Clermont A. C., Kinsley B. T., Simonson D. C., Aiello L. M., Wolpert H. A. Retinal blood flow changes in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and no diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Apr;37(5):886–897. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chin M. H., Zhang J. X., Merrell K. Diabetes in the African-American Medicare population. Morbidity, quality of care, and resource utilization. Diabetes Care. 1998 Jul;21(7):1090–1095. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.7.1090. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Javitt J. C., Aiello L. P., Chiang Y., Ferris F. L., 3rd, Canner J. K., Greenfield S. Preventive eye care in people with diabetes is cost-saving to the federal government. Implications for health-care reform. Diabetes Care. 1994 Aug;17(8):909–917. doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.8.909. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Klein R., Klein B. E. Diabetic eye disease. Lancet. 1997 Jul 19;350(9072):197–204. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)04195-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Klein R., Klein B. E., Moss S. E. Visual impairment in diabetes. Ophthalmology. 1984 Jan;91(1):1–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Klein R., Moss S. E., Klein B. E. New management concepts for timely diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy treatable by photocoagulation. Diabetes Care. 1987 Sep-Oct;10(5):633–638. doi: 10.2337/diacare.10.5.633. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Legorreta A. P., Hasan M. M., Peters A. L., Pelletier K. R., Leung K. M. An intervention for enhancing compliance with screening recommendations for diabetic retinopathy. A bicoastal experience. Diabetes Care. 1997 Apr;20(4):520–523. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.4.520. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Moss S. E., Klein R., Klein B. E. Factors associated with having eye examinations in persons with diabetes. Arch Fam Med. 1995 Jun;4(6):529–534. doi: 10.1001/archfami.4.6.529. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Newcomb P. A., Klein R., Massoth K. M. Education to increase ophthalmologic care in older onset diabetes patients: indications from the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. J Diabetes Complications. 1992 Oct-Dec;6(4):211–217. doi: 10.1016/1056-8727(92)90054-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Walker E. A., Basch C. E., Howard C. J., Zybert P. A., Kromholz W. N., Shamoon H. Incentives and barriers to retinopathy screening among African-Americans with diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 1997 Sep-Oct;11(5):298–306. doi: 10.1016/s1056-8727(96)00121-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Walker E. A., Wylie-Rosett J., Shamoon H., Engel S., Basch C. E., Zybert P., Cypress M. Program development to prevent complications of diabetes. Assessment of barriers in an urban clinic. Diabetes Care. 1995 Sep;18(9):1291–1293. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.9.1291. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Witkin S. R., Klein R. Ophthalmologic care for persons with diabetes. JAMA. 1984 May 18;251(19):2534–2537. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Wylie-Rosett J., Basch C., Walker E. A., Zybert P., Shamoon H., Engel S., Cypress M. Ophthalmic referral rates for patients with diabetes in primary-care clinics located in disadvantaged urban communities. J Diabetes Complications. 1995 Jan-Mar;9(1):49–54. doi: 10.1016/1056-8727(94)00005-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from American Journal of Public Health are provided here courtesy of American Public Health Association

RESOURCES