Skip to main content
PMC home page
Clinical and Experimental Immunology logoLink to Clinical and Experimental Immunology
. 1993 Jun;92(3):482–486. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb03425.x

Early IL-2/sIL-2R surge following surgery leads to temporary immune refractoriness.

N Lahat 1, R Shtiller 1, A Y Zlotnick 1, G Merin 1
PMCID: PMC1554783  PMID: 8513579

Abstract

High serum level of immunoreactive but not biologically active IL-2 was detected 1 day after surgery in patients undergoing major operation (abdominal, open-heart), in proportion to the tissue injury caused by surgical trauma. IL-2 values were highest in those patients who underwent open-heart surgery and received blood transfusions. In all patients they declined in the third and fourth post-operative days. Elevated serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptors (sIL-2R) were already present 1 day after operation, and peaked in the third and fifth post-operative days after mitogen triggering. Blood lymphocytes derived from operated patients secreted reduced amounts of both IL-2 and sIL-2R compared with control lymphocytes. The extent and duration of this reduction were also proportional to the tissue trauma and were affected by blood transfusions. Based on these data we suggest that early post-operative systemic immunological activation (appearance of IL-2 in the serum) is followed by elevation of sIL-2R, which then interferes with IL-2-dependent immunity. Blood lymphocytes are probably not involved in the post-operative immunological activation. The trigger for and the site of IL-2/sIL-2R synthesis are not yet clear.

Full text

PDF
484

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abraham E., Freitas A. A. Hemorrhage produces abnormalities in lymphocyte function and lymphokine generation. J Immunol. 1989 Feb 1;142(3):899–906. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ades E. W., Bosse D., Orr S., Gillespie T. Immune responses in humans while receiving adoptive immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells: acute anergy to mitogens and recall antigens. Pathobiology. 1990;58(2):78–83. doi: 10.1159/000163566. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barral-Netto M., Barral A., Santos S. B., Carvalho E. M., Badaro R., Rocha H., Reed S. G., Johnson W. D., Jr Soluble IL-2 receptor as an agent of serum-mediated suppression in human visceral leishmaniasis. J Immunol. 1991 Jul 1;147(1):281–284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chilosi M., Semenzato G., Cetto G., Ambrosetti A., Fiore-Donati L., Perona G., Berton G., Lestani M., Scarpa A., Agostini C. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in the sera of patients with hairy cell leukemia: relationship with the effect of recombinant alpha-interferon therapy on clinical parameters and natural killer in vitro activity. Blood. 1987 Nov;70(5):1530–1535. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chopra R. K., Powers D. C., Kendig N. E., Adler W. H., Nagel J. E. Soluble interleukin 2 receptors released from mitogen stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes bind interleukin 2 and inhibit IL2 dependent cell proliferation. Immunol Invest. 1989 Oct;18(8):961–973. doi: 10.3109/08820138909045783. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Colvin R. B., Fuller T. C., MacKeen L., Kung P. C., Ip S. H., Cosimi A. B. Plasma interleukin 2 receptor levels in renal allograft recipients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1987 May;43(2):273–276. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(87)90135-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Eriksson B., Hedfors E. The effect of adrenaline, insulin and hydrocortisone on human peripheral blood lymphocytes studied by cell surface markers. Scand J Haematol. 1977 Feb;18(2):121–128. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02081.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Granelli-Piperno A. In situ hybridization for interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 receptor mRNA in T cells activated in the presence or absence of cyclosporin A. J Exp Med. 1988 Nov 1;168(5):1649–1658. doi: 10.1084/jem.168.5.1649. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hisatomi K., Isomura T., Kawara T., Yamashita M., Hirano A., Yoshida H., Eriguchi N., Kosuga K., Ohishi K. Changes in lymphocyte subsets, mitogen responsiveness, and interleukin-2 production after cardiac operations. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989 Oct;98(4):580–591. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ide H., Kakiuchi T., Furuta N., Matsumoto H., Sudo K., Furuse A., Asano K. The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on T cells and their subpopulations. Ann Thorac Surg. 1987 Sep;44(3):277–282. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)62074-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lai K. N., Leung J. C., Chow C. C., Cockram C. S. T lymphocyte activation in euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy: soluble interleukin 2 receptor release, cellular interleukin 2 receptor expression and interleukin 2 production. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989 May;120(5):602–609. doi: 10.1530/acta.0.1200602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Miller-Graziano C. L., Szabo G., Griffey K., Mehta B., Kodys K., Catalano D. Role of elevated monocyte transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) production in posttrauma immunosuppression. J Clin Immunol. 1991 Mar;11(2):95–102. doi: 10.1007/BF00917745. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mills C. D., Caldwell M. D., Gann D. S. Evidence of a plasma-mediated "window" of immunodeficiency in rats following trauma. J Clin Immunol. 1989 Mar;9(2):139–150. doi: 10.1007/BF00916942. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nau G. J., Moldwin R. L., Lancki D. W., Kim D. K., Fitch F. W. Inhibition of IL 2-driven proliferation of murine T lymphocyte clones by supraoptimal levels of immobilized anti-T cell receptor monoclonal antibody. J Immunol. 1987 Jul 1;139(1):114–122. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Park S. K., Brody J. I., Wallace H. A., Blakemore W. S. Immunosuppressive effect of surgery. Lancet. 1971 Jan 9;1(7689):53–55. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90777-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rubin L. A., Kurman C. C., Fritz M. E., Biddison W. E., Boutin B., Yarchoan R., Nelson D. L. Soluble interleukin 2 receptors are released from activated human lymphoid cells in vitro. J Immunol. 1985 Nov;135(5):3172–3177. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rubin L. A., Kurman C. C., Fritz M. E., Biddison W. E., Boutin B., Yarchoan R., Nelson D. L. Soluble interleukin 2 receptors are released from activated human lymphoid cells in vitro. J Immunol. 1985 Nov;135(5):3172–3177. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sethi K. K., Näher H. Elevated titers of cell-free interleukin-2 receptor in serum and cerebrospinal fluid specimens of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Immunol Lett. 1986 Oct;13(4):179–184. doi: 10.1016/0165-2478(86)90052-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stephan R. N., Kisala J. M., Dean R. E., Geha A. S., Chaudry I. H. Effect of blood transfusion on antigen presentation function and on interleukin 2 generation. Arch Surg. 1988 Feb;123(2):235–240. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1988.01400260123016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Symons J. A., Wood N. C., Di Giovine F. S., Duff G. W. Soluble IL-2 receptor in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with disease activity, IL-1 and IL-2 inhibition. J Immunol. 1988 Oct 15;141(8):2612–2618. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Teodorczyk-Injeyan J. A., Sparkes B. G., Mills G. B., Falk R. E., Peters W. J. Increase of serum interleukin 2 receptor level in thermally injured patients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;51(2):205–215. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(89)90020-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Teodorczyk-Injeyan J. A., Sparkes B. G., Peters W. J. Serum interleukin-2 receptor as a possible mediator of immunosuppression after burn injury. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1989 Mar-Apr;10(2):112–118. doi: 10.1097/00004630-198903000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tompkins S. D., Gregory S., Hoyt D. B., Ozkan A. N. In vitro inhibition of IL-2 biosynthesis in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by a trauma-induced glycopeptide. Immunol Lett. 1990 Jan;23(3):205–209. doi: 10.1016/0165-2478(90)90193-t. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Vitale G., Reina G., Mansueto S., Malta R., Gambino G., Mocciaro C., D'Agostino R., Dieli M., Cillari E. The significance of serum soluble IL-2 receptor as a marker for active visceral leishmaniasis in Sicilian patients. Clin Exp Immunol. 1992 Nov;90(2):219–222. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb07932.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wolf R. E., Brelsford W. G. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1988 Jun;31(6):729–735. doi: 10.1002/art.1780310605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Zielinski C. C., Pesau B., Müller C. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD8 antigen in active rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1990 Oct;57(1):74–82. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(90)90023-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical and Experimental Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES