Abstract
We have prospectively followed for 9-12 months, 246 female health care workers (HCWs): 102 with high exposure (HE), 43 with low exposure (LE), and 101 with no exposure (NE) to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) patients. No HCWs have clinical, serologic, or immunologic evidence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. No HCWs in the HE group seroconverted to cytomegalovirus (CMV). One HCW in the HE group seroconverted to Hepatitis B virus (HBV), another HCW in the HE group seroconverted to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) although all three groups were similar with respect to HBV and HSV-2 seropositivity. If hospital infection control practices are employed when HCWs care for AIDS patients or work with their biological specimens, the risk of occupationally acquiring a HIV, CMV, HBV or HSV-2 infection appears to be low.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bernstein D. I., Garratty E., Lovett M. A., Bryson Y. J. Comparison of Western Blot Analysis to microneutralization for the detection of type-specific herpes simplex virus antibodies. J Med Virol. 1985 Mar;15(3):223–230. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890150303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Detels R., Visscher B. R., Fahey J. L., Schwartz K., Greene R. S., Madden D. L., Sever J. L., Gottlieb M. S. The relation of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus antibodies to T-cell subsets in homosexually active men. JAMA. 1984 Apr 6;251(13):1719–1722. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dietzman D. E., Harnisch J. P., Ray C. G., Alexander E. R., Holmes K. K. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg. Prevalence in homosexual and heterosexual men. JAMA. 1977 Dec 12;238(24):2625–2626. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch M. S., Wormser G. P., Schooley R. T., Ho D. D., Felsenstein D., Hopkins C. C., Joline C., Duncanson F., Sarngadharan M. G., Saxinger C. Risk of nosocomial infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus III (HTLV-III). N Engl J Med. 1985 Jan 3;312(1):1–4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198501033120101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoffman R. A., Hansen W. P. Immunofluorescent analysis of blood cells by flow cytometry. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1981;3(3):249–254. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(81)90018-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McCray E. Occupational risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among health care workers. N Engl J Med. 1986 Apr 24;314(17):1127–1132. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198604243141729. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neisson-Vernant C., Arfi S., Mathez D., Leibowitch J., Monplaisir N. Needlestick HIV seroconversion in a nurse. Lancet. 1986 Oct 4;2(8510):814–814. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90338-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oksenhendler E., Harzic M., Le Roux J. M., Rabian C., Clauvel J. P. HIV infection with seroconversion after a superficial needlestick injury to the finger. N Engl J Med. 1986 Aug 28;315(9):582–582. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198608283150912. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quinnan G. V., Jr, Masur H., Rook A. H., Armstrong G., Frederick W. R., Epstein J., Manischewitz J. F., Macher A. M., Jackson L., Ames J. Herpesvirus infections in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. JAMA. 1984 Jul 6;252(1):72–77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rawls W. E., Iwamoto K., Adam E., Melnick J. L. Measurement of antibodies to herpesvirus types 1 and 2 in human sera. J Immunol. 1970 Mar;104(3):599–606. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schreeder M. T., Thompson S. E., Hadler S. C., Berquist K. R., Zaidi A., Maynard J. E., Ostrow D., Judson F. N., Braff E. H., Nylund T. Hepatitis B in homosexual men: prevalence of infection and factors related to transmission. J Infect Dis. 1982 Jul;146(1):7–15. doi: 10.1093/infdis/146.1.7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Seeff L. B. Hepatitis in the drug abuser. Med Clin North Am. 1975 Jul;59(4):843–848. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31981-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stricof R. L., Morse D. L. HTLV-III/LAV seroconversion following a deep intramuscular needlestick injury. N Engl J Med. 1986 Apr 24;314(17):1115–1115. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198604243141711. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiss S. H., Saxinger W. C., Rechtman D., Grieco M. H., Nadler J., Holman S., Ginzburg H. M., Groopman J. E., Goedert J. J., Markham P. D. HTLV-III infection among health care workers. Association with needle-stick injuries. JAMA. 1985 Oct 18;254(15):2089–2093. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]