Abstract
Fluconazole (UK-49,858), a new oral bistriazole antifungal agent, was compared with amphotericin B in the treatment of established systemic infection with Candida albicans in normal and diabetic rats. In normal rats, oral fluconazole at 10 mg/kg per day for 7 days reduced Candida colony counts in the kidneys and livers as well as amphotericin B did and was nearly as effective as amphotericin B in a 21-day treatment trial. There was no further reduction in Candida colony counts when normal rats were treated with fluconazole at 40 mg/kg twice a day for 7 days. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, fluconazole at 20 mg/kg per day for either 7 or 21 days compared favorably with amphotericin B in efficacy. Results of our study suggest that oral fluconazole may be useful in the treatment of established disseminated candidiasis in normal as well as diabetic hosts.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bodey G. P. Candidiasis in cancer patients. Am J Med. 1984 Oct 30;77(4D):13–19. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fisher J. F., Chew W. H., Shadomy S., Duma R. J., Mayhall C. G., House W. C. Urinary tract infections due to Candida albicans. Rev Infect Dis. 1982 Nov-Dec;4(6):1107–1118. doi: 10.1093/clinids/4.6.1107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hanger D. P., Jevons S., Shaw J. T. Fluconazole and testosterone: in vivo and in vitro studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 May;32(5):646–648. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.5.646. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes C. E., Bennett R. L., Tuna I. C., Beggs W. H. Activities of fluconazole (UK 49,858) and ketoconazole against ketoconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Feb;32(2):209–212. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.2.209. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kobayashi G. S., Travis S., Medoff G. Comparison of the in vitro and in vivo activity of the bis-triazole derivative UK 49,858 with that of amphotericin B against Histoplasma capsulatum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Apr;29(4):660–662. doi: 10.1128/aac.29.4.660. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marsh P. K., Tally F. P., Kellum J., Callow A., Gorbach S. L. Candida infections in surgical patients. Ann Surg. 1983 Jul;198(1):42–47. doi: 10.1097/00000658-198307000-00008. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Montgomerie J. Z., Edwards J. E., Jr Association of infection due to Candida albicans with intravenous hyperalimentation. J Infect Dis. 1978 Feb;137(2):197–201. doi: 10.1093/infdis/137.2.197. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perfect J. R., Savani D. V., Durack D. T. Comparison of itraconazole and fluconazole in treatment of cryptococcal meningitis and candida pyelonephritis in rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Apr;29(4):579–583. doi: 10.1128/aac.29.4.579. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pont A., Graybill J. R., Craven P. C., Galgiani J. N., Dismukes W. E., Reitz R. E., Stevens D. A. High-dose ketoconazole therapy and adrenal and testicular function in humans. Arch Intern Med. 1984 Nov;144(11):2150–2153. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Raffel L., Pitsakis P., Levison S. P., Levison M. E. Experimental Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis pyelonephritis in diabetic rats. Infect Immun. 1981 Dec;34(3):773–779. doi: 10.1128/iai.34.3.773-779.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Richardson K., Brammer K. W., Marriott M. S., Troke P. F. Activity of UK-49,858, a bis-triazole derivative, against experimental infections with Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 May;27(5):832–835. doi: 10.1128/aac.27.5.832. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rogers T. E., Galgiani J. N. Activity of fluconazole (UK 49,858) and ketoconazole against Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Sep;30(3):418–422. doi: 10.1128/aac.30.3.418. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Saag M. S., Dismukes W. E. Azole antifungal agents: emphasis on new triazoles. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Jan;32(1):1–8. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Troke P. F., Andrews R. J., Brammer K. W., Marriott M. S., Richardson K. Efficacy of UK-49,858 (fluconazole) against Candida albicans experimental infections in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Dec;28(6):815–818. doi: 10.1128/aac.28.6.815. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tucker W. S., Jr, Snell B. B., Island D. P., Gregg C. R. Reversible adrenal insufficiency induced by ketoconazole. JAMA. 1985 Apr 26;253(16):2413–2414. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]