Skip to main content
PMC home page
Thorax logoLink to Thorax
. 1999 Aug;54(Suppl 2):S46–S51. doi: 10.1136/thx.54.2008.s46

Worldwide variations in the prevalence of atopic symptoms: what does it all mean?

J O Warner
PMCID: PMC1765934  PMID: 10451693

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (107.2 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alm J. S., Lilja G., Pershagen G., Scheynius A. Early BCG vaccination and development of atopy. Lancet. 1997 Aug 9;350(9075):400–403. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02207-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Asher M. I., Keil U., Anderson H. R., Beasley R., Crane J., Martinez F., Mitchell E. A., Pearce N., Sibbald B., Stewart A. W. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J. 1995 Mar;8(3):483–491. doi: 10.1183/09031936.95.08030483. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burr M. L., Butland B. K., King S., Vaughan-Williams E. Changes in asthma prevalence: two surveys 15 years apart. Arch Dis Child. 1989 Oct;64(10):1452–1456. doi: 10.1136/adc.64.10.1452. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cook D. G., Strachan D. P. Health effects of passive smoking-10: Summary of effects of parental smoking on the respiratory health of children and implications for research. Thorax. 1999 Apr;54(4):357–366. doi: 10.1136/thx.54.4.357. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fergusson D. M., Crane J., Beasley R., Horwood L. J. Perinatal factors and atopic disease in childhood. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 Dec;27(12):1394–1401. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1997.1430947.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Godfrey K. M., Barker D. J., Osmond C. Disproportionate fetal growth and raised IgE concentration in adult life. Clin Exp Allergy. 1994 Jul;24(7):641–648. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00968.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Halonen M., Stern D. A., Wright A. L., Taussig L. M., Martinez F. D. Alternaria as a major allergen for asthma in children raised in a desert environment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Apr;155(4):1356–1361. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105079. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Herz U., Gerhold K., Grüber C., Braun A., Wahn U., Renz H., Paul K. BCG infection suppresses allergic sensitization and development of increased airway reactivity in an animal model. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Nov;102(5):867–874. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(98)70030-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hide D. W., Matthews S., Tariq S., Arshad S. H. Allergen avoidance in infancy and allergy at 4 years of age. Allergy. 1996 Feb;51(2):89–93. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hodge L., Salome C. M., Peat J. K., Haby M. M., Xuan W., Woolcock A. J. Consumption of oily fish and childhood asthma risk. Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 5;164(3):137–140. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb122010.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kaur B., Anderson H. R., Austin J., Burr M., Harkins L. S., Strachan D. P., Warner J. O. Prevalence of asthma symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment in 12-14 year old children across Great Britain (international study of asthma and allergies in childhood, ISAAC UK) BMJ. 1998 Jan 10;316(7125):118–124. doi: 10.1136/bmj.316.7125.118. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kjellman B., Pettersson R. The problem of furred pets in childhood atopic disease. Failure of an information program. Allergy. 1983 Jan;38(1):65–73. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1983.tb00858.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Matricardi P. M., Rosmini F., Ferrigno L., Nisini R., Rapicetta M., Chionne P., Stroffolini T., Pasquini P., D'Amelio R. Cross sectional retrospective study of prevalence of atopy among Italian military students with antibodies against hepatitis A virus. BMJ. 1997 Apr 5;314(7086):999–1003. doi: 10.1136/bmj.314.7086.999. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ninan T. K., Russell G. Respiratory symptoms and atopy in Aberdeen schoolchildren: evidence from two surveys 25 years apart. BMJ. 1992 Apr 4;304(6831):873–875. doi: 10.1136/bmj.304.6831.873. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Omran M., Russell G. Continuing increase in respiratory symptoms and atopy in Aberdeen schoolchildren. BMJ. 1996 Jan 6;312(7022):34–34. doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7022.34. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Peat J. K., Tovey E., Toelle B. G., Haby M. M., Gray E. J., Mahmic A., Woolcock A. J. House dust mite allergens. A major risk factor for childhood asthma in Australia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Jan;153(1):141–146. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.153.1.8542107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Seaton A., Godden D. J., Brown K. Increase in asthma: a more toxic environment or a more susceptible population? Thorax. 1994 Feb;49(2):171–174. doi: 10.1136/thx.49.2.171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Warner J. A., Jones C. A., Williams T. J., Warner J. O. Maternal programming in asthma and allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 Nov;28 (Suppl 5):35–51. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.028s5035.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wegmann T. G., Lin H., Guilbert L., Mosmann T. R. Bidirectional cytokine interactions in the maternal-fetal relationship: is successful pregnancy a TH2 phenomenon? Immunol Today. 1993 Jul;14(7):353–356. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(93)90235-D. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Williams H., McNicol K. N. Prevalence, natural history, and relationship of wheezy bronchitis and asthma in children. An epidemiological study. Br Med J. 1969 Nov 8;4(5679):321–325. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5679.321. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yu G., Björkstén B. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in school children in relation to allergy and serum IgE levels. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1998 Aug;9(3):133–138. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.1998.tb00359.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Thorax are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES