Skip to main content
PMC home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1990 Oct;56(10):3170–3173. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.10.3170-3173.1990

Application of direct plaque assay for detection and enumeration of bacteriophages of Bacteroides fragilis from contaminated-water samples.

R Cornax 1, M A Moriñigo 1, I G Paez 1, M A Muñoz 1, J J Borrego 1
PMCID: PMC184917  PMID: 2285319

Abstract

The direct double-agar-layer plaque assay for the detection and enumeration of specific bacteriophages of Bacteroides fragilis from contaminated-water samples was performed. Several factors that affect the methods, such as conditions of the bacterial culture, composition of the assay medium, addition of divalent cations, and decontamination techniques applied to the sample, were evaluated. The results obtained show that the direct assay technique proved to be more efficient than the most-probable-number technique. A higher recovery of bacteriophages was obtained from 17 of 24 samples with the direct assay. The two methods only showed similar results from samples with a low degree of pollution.

Full text

PDF
3173

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Farrah S. R., Bitton G. Elution of poliovirus adsorbed to membrane filters. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Dec;36(6):982–984. doi: 10.1128/aem.36.6.982-984.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Farrah S. R. Chemical factors influencing adsorption of bacteriophage MS2 to membrane filters. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Mar;43(3):659–663. doi: 10.1128/aem.43.3.659-663.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Kennedy J. E., Jr, Bitton G., Oblinger J. L. Comparison of selective media for assay of coliphages in sewage effluent and lake water. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Jan;49(1):33–36. doi: 10.1128/aem.49.1.33-36.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Kott Y. Estimation of low numbers of Escherichia coli bacteriophage by use of the most probable number method. Appl Microbiol. 1966 Mar;14(2):141–144. doi: 10.1128/am.14.2.141-144.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. PUCK T. T., GAREN A., CLINE J. The mechanism of virus attachment to host cells. I. The role of ions in the primary reaction. J Exp Med. 1951 Jan;93(1):65–88. doi: 10.1084/jem.93.1.65. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Shields P. A., Farrah S. R. Influence of salts on electrostatic interactions between poliovirus and membrane filters. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Feb;45(2):526–531. doi: 10.1128/aem.45.2.526-531.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Tartera C., Jofre J. Bacteriophages active against Bacteroides fragilis in sewage-polluted waters. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Jul;53(7):1632–1637. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.7.1632-1637.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Tartera C., Lucena F., Jofre J. Human origin of Bacteroides fragilis bacteriophages present in the environment. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Oct;55(10):2696–2701. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.10.2696-2701.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Yates M. V., Gerba C. P., Kelley L. M. Virus persistence in groundwater. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Apr;49(4):778–781. doi: 10.1128/aem.49.4.778-781.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES