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. 2001;116(Suppl 1):103–119. doi: 10.1093/phr/116.S1.103

Long-term effectiveness of a peer-based intervention to promote condom and contraceptive use among HIV-positive and at-risk women.

L A Fogarty 1, C M Heilig 1, K Armstrong 1, R Cabral 1, C Galavotti 1, A C Gielen 1, B M Green 1
PMCID: PMC1913678  PMID: 11889279

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The authors used data from a larger study to evaluate the long-term effects of a peer advocate intervention on condom and contraceptive use among HIV-infected women and women at high risk for HIV infection. METHODS: HIV-infected women in one study and women at high risk for HIV infection in a second study were selected from the Women and Infants Demonstration Project and assigned to a standard or an enhanced HIV prevention treatment group. The enhanced intervention included support groups and one-on-one contacts with peer advocates tailored to clients' needs. The authors interviewed women at baseline and at 6-, 12- and 18-months, and measured changes in consistency of condom and contraceptive use and in self-efficacy and perceived advantages and disadvantages of condom and contraceptive use. RESULTS: Of HIV-infected women, the enhanced group had improved consistency in condom use, increased perceived advantages of condom use, and increased level of self-efficacy compared with the standard group. Of women at risk, the enhanced intervention group at six months maintained consistent condom use with a main partner and perceived more benefit of condom use compared with the standard group. These differences diminished at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced intervention was generally effective in the HIV+ study. In the at-risk study, however, intervention effects were minimal and short-lived. Factors related to the theory, intervention design, and sample characteristics help explain these differences.

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Selected References

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