Skip to main content
PMC home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1992 Jul;58(7):2321–2325. doi: 10.1128/aem.58.7.2321-2325.1992

Oxidation of Nitrapyrin to 6-Chloropicolinic Acid by the Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea

Todd Vannelli 1, Alan B Hooper 1,*
PMCID: PMC195775  PMID: 16348740

Abstract

Suspensions of Nitrosomonas europaea catalyzed the oxidation of the commercial nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine]. Rapid oxidation of nitrapyrin (at a concentration of 10 μM) required the concomitant oxidation of ammonia, hydroxylamine, or hydrazine. The turnover rate was highest in the presence of 10 mM ammonia (0.8 nmol of nitrapyrin per min/mg of protein). The product of the reaction was 6-chloropicolinic acid. By the use of 18O2, it was shown that one of the oxygens in 6-chloropicolinic acid came from diatomic oxygen and that the other came from water. Approximately 13% of the radioactivity of [2,6-14C]nitrapyrin was shown to bind to cells. Most (94%) of the latter was bound indiscriminately to membrane proteins. The nitrapyrin bound to membrane proteins may account for the observed inactivation of ammonia oxidation.

Full text

PDF
2325

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arciero D., Vannelli T., Logan M., Hooper A. B. Degradation of trichloroethylene by the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 15;159(2):640–643. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)90042-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bonner W. M. Fluorography for the detection of radioactivity in gels. Methods Enzymol. 1984;104:460–465. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(84)04115-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CAMPBELL N. E., ALEEM M. I. THE EFFECT OF 2-CHLORO, 6-(TRICHLOROMETHYL) PYRIDINE ON THE CHEMOAUTOTROPHIC METABOLISM OF NITRIFYING BACTERIA. I. AMMONIA AND HYDROXYLAMINE OXIDATION BY NITROSOMONAS. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1965;31:124–136. doi: 10.1007/BF02045882. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fox B. G., Borneman J. G., Wackett L. P., Lipscomb J. D. Haloalkene oxidation by the soluble methane monooxygenase from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b: mechanistic and environmental implications. Biochemistry. 1990 Jul 10;29(27):6419–6427. doi: 10.1021/bi00479a013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hooper A. B., Nason A. Characterization of hydroxylamine-cytochrome c reductase from the chemoautotrophs Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrosocystis oceanus. J Biol Chem. 1965 Oct;240(10):4044–4057. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hooper A. B., Terry K. R. Specific inhibitors of ammonia oxidation in Nitrosomonas. J Bacteriol. 1973 Aug;115(2):480–485. doi: 10.1128/jb.115.2.480-485.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hyman M. R., Wood P. M. Suicidal inactivation and labelling of ammonia mono-oxygenase by acetylene. Biochem J. 1985 May 1;227(3):719–725. doi: 10.1042/bj2270719. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Rasche M. E., Hyman M. R., Arp D. J. Factors Limiting Aliphatic Chlorocarbon Degradation by Nitrosomonas europaea: Cometabolic Inactivation of Ammonia Monooxygenase and Substrate Specificity. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Oct;57(10):2986–2994. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.10.2986-2994.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Smith P. K., Krohn R. I., Hermanson G. T., Mallia A. K., Gartner F. H., Provenzano M. D., Fujimoto E. K., Goeke N. M., Olson B. J., Klenk D. C. Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid. Anal Biochem. 1985 Oct;150(1):76–85. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(85)90442-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Vannelli T., Logan M., Arciero D. M., Hooper A. B. Degradation of halogenated aliphatic compounds by the ammonia- oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Apr;56(4):1169–1171. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.4.1169-1171.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES