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. 1987 Feb;53(2):385–389. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.2.385-389.1987

Bacteriophage Resistance Plasmid pTR2030 Inhibits Lytic Infection of r1t Temperate Bacteriophage but Not Induction of r1t Prophage in Streptococcus cremoris R1 †

Audrey W Jarvis 1,‡, Todd R Klaenhammer 1,*
PMCID: PMC203670  PMID: 16347286

Abstract

The effects of pTR2030 on the replication of four small isometric bacteriophages were examined in Streptococcus cremoris R1. Three lytic phages (652, 720, and 751), which were isolated independently over a 29-year period, were unable to form plaques on a pTR2030 transconjugant of S. cremoris R1. The fourth phage evaluated, phage r1t, was a temperate phage induced from S. cremoris R1 by treatment with mitomycin C. A prophage-cured derivative of S. cremoris R1, designated R1Cs, was isolated and served as a lytic indicator for phage r1t. Strain R1Cs and a derivative of this strain that was relysogenized with r1t, designated R1Cs(r1t), were used as conjugal recipients for transfer of the phage resistance plasmid pTR2030. pTR2030 transconjugants of strains R1Cs and R1Cs(r1t) were evaluated for sensitivity to r1t phage and induction of r1t prophage, respectively. The temperate phage r1t adsorbed eficiently but did not form plaques on the prophage-cured, pTR2030 transconjugant strain T-R1Cs. However, in the r1t lysogen [T-R1Cs(r1t)], pTR2030 did not inhibit prophage induction with mitomycin C, cell lysis, or production of infective r1t phage particles. The data demonstrated that pTR2030-induced resistance inhibited lytic infection by r1t phage from without but did not retard lytic development after prophage induction within the cell. It was suggested that pTR2030-encoded phage resistance to small isometric phages may, therefore, act at the cell surface or membrane to prevent phage DNA passage into the host cell or inhibit early events required for lytic replication of externally infecting phage.

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Selected References

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