Skip to main content
PMC home page
British Journal of Experimental Pathology logoLink to British Journal of Experimental Pathology
. 1976 Feb;57(1):37–48.

The behaviour in ferrets of two closely related clones of influenza virus of differing virulence for man.

G L Toms, R A Bird, S M Kingsman, C Sweet, H Smith
PMCID: PMC2041176  PMID: 1268040

Abstract

Clones 7a and 64d of the recombinant influenza virus A/PR/8/34-A/England/939/69(H3N2) which are of different virulence for man as judged by clinical score (7a more virulent than 64d) showed similar differences in ferrets. With intranasal inoculation the approximate 50% minimal infectious doses of both clones were similar (between 10(0) and 10(2) EID(50)) as were their titres in nasal washes 24 h after inoculation and the histologically evident damage they caused in the nasal turbinates. However, clone 7a persisted in the nasal washes more than 64d and produced a more prolonged pyrexia. Furthermore, 7a consistently produced a lung infection which was produced only occasionally by 64d and then to a lesser extent than 7a. In contrast to nasal mucosa, histological damage in the lung was slight with both strains. Differences in replication of 7a and 64d in organ cultures of nasal turbinates appeared only after 24 h incubation. They were not sufficiently large to explain the markedly superior ability of 7a to persist in the nasal tract in vivo. This persistence, which coincides with the production of pyrexia, may be due to a greater ability of 7a to resist induced systemic host defences. Spasmodic isolations of infective virus of both clones were made from extra-respiratory tissues such as liver, spleen and kidney.

Full text

PDF
38

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barber W. H., Small P. A., Jr Dissemination of influenza virus between anatomically isolated sites in ferrets. Infect Immun. 1974 Mar;9(3):530–533. doi: 10.1128/iai.9.3.530-533.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barker S. M., Hoyle L. The nature of the toxic reaction of influenza virus towards lung tissue. J Hyg (Lond) 1972 Sep;70(3):425–437. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400063002. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Basarab O., Smith H. Growth patterns of influenza virus in cultures of ferret organs. Br J Exp Pathol. 1970 Feb;51(1):1–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Basarab O., Smith H. Quantitative studies on the tissue localization of influenza virus in ferrets after intranasal and intravenous or intracardial inoculation. Br J Exp Pathol. 1969 Dec;50(6):612–618. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Beare A. S., Hall T. S. Recombinant influenza-A viruses as live vaccines for man. Report to the Medical Research Council's Committee on Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Vaccines. Lancet. 1971 Dec 11;2(7737):1271–1273. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90597-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. DAVENPORT F. M. Pathogenesis of influenza. Bacteriol Rev. 1961 Sep;25:294–300. doi: 10.1128/br.25.3.294-300.1961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. HAMRE D., APPEL J., LOOSLI C. G. Viremia in mice with pulmonary influenza A virus infections. J Lab Clin Med. 1956 Feb;47(2):182–193. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hara K., Beare A. S., Tyrrell D. A. Growth and pathogenicity of influenza viruses in organ cultures of ciliated epithelium. I. Experiments in ferret and human tissue. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1974;44(3):227–236. doi: 10.1007/BF01240610. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Huang A. S., Baltimore D. Defective viral particles and viral disease processes. Nature. 1970 Apr 25;226(5243):325–327. doi: 10.1038/226325a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Khakpour M., Saidi A., Naficy K. Proved viraemia in Asian influenza (Hong Kong variant) during incubation period. Br Med J. 1969 Oct 25;4(5677):208–209. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5677.208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LIU C. Studies of influenza infection in ferrets by means of fluorescein-labelled antibody. I. The pathogenesis and diagnosis of the disease. J Exp Med. 1955 Jun 1;101(6):665–676. doi: 10.1084/jem.101.6.665. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lehmann N. I., Gust I. D. Viraemia in influenza. A report of two cases. Med J Aust. 1971 Dec 4;2(23):1166–1169. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1971.tb92768.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lemercier G., Schmitt D., Quenin P., Jayne A., Fontanges R. La réponse immunitaire locale au cours de la grippe expérimentale de la souris Balb-c infectée par myxovirus influenzae A-Hong-Kong-1-68 (H3N2) Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1974;45(1-2):113–121. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. McCahon D., Schild G. C. Segregation of antigenic and biological characteristics during influenza virus recombination. J Gen Virol. 1972 Apr;15(1):73–77. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-15-1-73. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. NAFICY K. HUMAN INFLUENZA INFECTION WITH PROVED VIREMIA. REPORT OF A CASE. N Engl J Med. 1963 Oct 31;269:964–966. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196310312691807. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Potter C. W., Oxford J. S., Shore S. L., McLaren C., Stuart-Harris C. Immunity to influenza in ferrets. I. Response to live and killed virus. Br J Exp Pathol. 1972 Apr;53(2):153–167. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Stanley E. D., Jackson G. G. Viremia in Asian influenza. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1966;79:376–387. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Toms G. L., Rosztoczy I., Smith H. The localization of influenza virus: minimal infectious dose determinations and single cycle kinetic studies on organ cultures of respiratory and other ferret tissues. Br J Exp Pathol. 1974 Apr;55(2):116–129. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. WALSH J. J., DIETLEIN L. F., LOW F. N., BURCH G. E., MOGABGAB W. J. Bronchotracheal response in human influenza. Type A, Asian strain, as studied by light and electron microscopic examination of bronchoscopic biopsies. Arch Intern Med. 1961 Sep;108:376–388. doi: 10.1001/archinte.1961.03620090048006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British journal of experimental pathology are provided here courtesy of Wiley

RESOURCES