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. 1997;75(6):789–797. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1997.142

Antigenic determinants of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and development of assays specific for different forms of PSA.

O Nilsson 1, A Peter 1, I Andersson 1, K Nilsson 1, B Grundström 1, B Karlsson 1
PMCID: PMC2063392  PMID: 9062397

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against prostate-specific antigen (PSA) by immunization with purified free PSA, i.e. not in complex with any protease inhibitor (F-PSA) and PSA in complex with alpha1-anti-chymotrypsin (PSA-ACT). Epitope mapping of PSA using the established monoclonal antibody revealed a complex pattern of independent and partly overlapping antigenic domains in the PSA molecule. Four independent antigenic domains and at least three partly overlapping domains were exposed both in F-PSA and in the PSA-ACT complex, while one antigenic domain was specific for F-PSA. The different domains contained both continuous and discontinuous epitopes. The combination of antibodies recognizing antigenic domains exposed both in F-PSA and PSA-ACT made it possible to develop several highly sensitive sandwich immunoassays for determination of total PSA, i.e. F-PSA + PSA-ACT, with the same molar response for F-PSA and PSA-ACT. Assays specific for F-PSA (cross-reactivity between F-PSA and PSA-ACT < 1%) were developed by the combination of antibodies recognizing epitopes exposed only in F-PSA and antibodies recognizing epitopes exposed both in F-PSA and PSA-ACT.

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Selected References

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